Concordance Between the PD-L1 Tumor Area Positivity Score and Combined Positive Score for Gastric or Esophageal Cancers Treated With Tislelizumab.

Tumor Area Positivity (TAP) score is an emerging score measuring programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumors. However, the availability of concordance data between TAP score and other immunohistochemistry scoring methods is limited. We investigated concordance between TAP score and combined positive score (CPS) and the relationship between PD-L1 status and clinical outcomes using gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC/GEJC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples from patients subsequently treated with tislelizumab.

First-Line Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer with Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression ≥ 1%: A Retrospective Analysis of RATIONALE-305.

Introduction: Tislelizumab plus investigator-chosen chemotherapy (ICC) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS) versus placebo plus ICC in RATIONALE-305 in patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) in the intent-to-treat population and in patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Area Positivity (TAP) score ≥ 5%. The United States Food and Drug Administration Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee voted (September 2024) against first-line treatment with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors in this setting in patients with a PD-L1 combined positive score < 1 or TAP score < 1%, due to an unfavorable benefit-risk profile. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed data from RATIONALE-305 in patients with a PD-L1 TAP score ≥ 1%.

Profiling the peripheral blood T cell receptor repertoires of gastric cancer patients.

Cancer driven by somatic mutations may express neoantigens that can trigger T-cell immune responses. Since T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires play critical roles in anti-tumor immune responses for oncology, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to profile the hypervariable complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCR-beta chain in peripheral blood samples from 68 gastric cancer patients and 49 healthy controls. We found that most hyper-expanded CDR3 are individual-specific, and the gene usage of TRBV3-1 is more frequent in the tumor group regardless of tumor stage than in the healthy control group.

Zika virus infection disrupts neurovascular development and results in postnatal microcephaly with brain damage.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection of pregnant women can result in fetal brain abnormalities. It has been established that ZIKV disrupts neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and leads to embryonic microcephaly. However, the fate of other cell types in the developing brain and their contributions to ZIKV-associated brain abnormalities remain largely unknown.

MiR-302/367 regulate neural progenitor proliferation, differentiation timing, and survival in neurulation.

How neural progenitor cell (NPC) behaviors are temporally controlled in early developing embryos remains undefined. The in vivo functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in early mammalian development remain largely unknown. Mir-302/367 is a miRNA cluster that encodes miR-367 and four miR-302 members (miR302a-d).

Lin28 promotes the proliferative capacity of neural progenitor cells in brain development.

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have distinct proliferation capacities at different stages of brain development. Lin28 is an RNA-binding protein with two homologs in mice: Lin28a and Lin28b. Here we show that Lin28a/b are enriched in early NPCs and their expression declines during neural differentiation.

Inferring non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms-disease associations via integration of multiple similarity networks.

Detecting associations between human genetic variants and their phenotypic effects is a significant problem in understanding genetic bases of human-inherited diseases. The focus is on a typical type of genetic variants called non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs), whose occurrence may potentially alter the structures of proteins, affecting functions of proteins, and thereby causing diseases. Most of the existing methods predict associations between nsSNPs and diseases based on features derived from only protein sequence and/or structure information, and give no information about which specific disease an nsSNP is associated with.

The highly expressed methionine synthase gene of Neurospora crassa is positively regulated by its proximal heterochromatic region.

In Neurospora crassa, the methionine synthase gene met-8 plays a key role in methionine synthesis. In this study, we found that MET-8 protein levels were compromised in several mutants defective in proper heterochromatin formation. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a 50-kb AT-rich region adjacent to the met-8 promoter.

Ubiquitin ligase components Cullin4 and DDB1 are essential for DNA methylation in Neurospora crassa.

DNA methylation and H3K9 trimethylation are involved in gene silencing and heterochromatin assembly in mammals and fungi. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, it has been demonstrated that H3K9 trimethylation catalyzed by histone methyltransferase DIM-5 is essential for DNA methylation. Trimethylated H3K9 is recognized by HP1, which then recruits the DNA methyltransferase DIM-2 to methylate the DNA.

Study of atrazine degradation in subsurface flow constructed wetland under different salinity.

To evaluate the treatment capability of subsurface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) and the effect of salinity on the degradation of atrazine, the degradation of atrazine in SFCW was studied. Under the static condition, the degradation of atrazine in SFCW followed first-order kinetics: c=0.09679 exp(-0.

Influence of vegetation and substrate on the removal and transformation of dissolved organic matter in horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands.

The fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (HSSF CWs) was examined. In several studies it had been demonstrated that factors such as vegetation and substrates type affected the treatment efficiency of DOM, while very few studies discerned their influence on the transformations of DOM. Thus three pilot-scale HSSF CWs, i.