Reprogramming Macrophage Function via Cholesterol Modulation and Redox Signaling Using a Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Postoperative Breast Cancer Management.

Postoperative recurrence and infection remain major obstacles to effective breast cancer recovery, often driven by cholesterol-mediated macrophage dysfunction. Here, we report the development of CuMPmC, a multifunctional nanoplatform constructed through copper-dopamine chelation and self-polymerization, functionalized with mannose for selective targeting of M2-like macrophages, and loaded with cholesterol oxidase (ChOx). CuMPmC depletes macrophage membrane cholesterol via ChOx-mediated oxidation, enhancing plasma membrane fluidity and thereby promoting macrophage chemotaxis.

Dry eye-related tear biomarkers MMP-2, MMP-13, and IFN-γ: potential predictors of Type III acute acquired concomitant esotropia.

Background: Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) causes diplopia and asthenopia, severely affecting quality of life. This study aimed to explore the association between dry eye (DE) tear film biomarkers and Type III AACE.

Methods: We enrolled 52 patients (52 eyes) with Type III AACE and 50 controls (50 eyes).

Functional nanozyme system for synergistic tumor immunotherapy via cuproptosis and ferroptosis activation.

Elevated copper levels induce tumor cuproptosis and ferroptosis, leading to immunogenic cell death and subsequent antitumor immune responses. However, dysregulated copper metabolism in tumor cells maintains homeostatic copper balance, while hypoxic microenvironments hinder therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we present a nanozyme system, termed CussOMEp, comprising a copper-based nanovector (CussNV) that is PEGylated and loaded with omeprazole, a copper transporter inhibitor, to enhance tumor synergistic immunotherapy by promoting cuproptosis and ferroptosis.

A new path planning strategy integrating improved ACO and DWA algorithms for mobile robots in dynamic environments.

This article is concerned with the path planning of mobile robots in dynamic environments. A new path planning strategy is proposed by integrating the improved ant colony optimization (ACO) and dynamic window approach (DWA) algorithms. An improved ACO is developed to produce a globally optimal path for mobile robots in static environments.

A Deep Learning Model for Detecting Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Using Ophthalmologic Ultrasound Images.

Introduction: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most common fundus diseases. Many rural areas of China have few ophthalmologists, and ophthalmologic ultrasound examination is of great significance for remote diagnosis of RRD. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning (DL) model, to be used for automated RRD diagnosis based on ophthalmologic ultrasound images, in order to support timely diagnosis of RRD in rural and remote areas.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Peripapillary Gamma Zone in Children With Different Refractive Status: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of the peripapillary gamma zone in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic eyes of Chinese children.

Methods: Overall, 1274 children aged 6 to 8 years from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study underwent ocular examinations, including measurements of cycloplegic auto-refraction and axial length (AL). The optic disc was imaged using a Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) unit and a protocol involving 24 equally spaced radial B-scans.

Investigation of Accuracy and Influence Factors of Predicting Lenticule Thickness in Small Incision Lenticule Extraction by Machine Learning Models.

Small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a safe and effective surgical procedure for refractive correction. However, the nomogram from the VisuMax femtosecond laser system often overestimates the achieved lenticule thickness (LT), leading to inaccurate estimation of residual central corneal thickness in some patients. In order to improve the accuracy of predicting achieved LT, we used machine learning models to make predictions of LT and analyze the influencing factors of LT estimation in this study.

Trehalose promotes functional recovery of keratinocytes under oxidative stress and wound healing via ATG5/ATG7.

Wounds are in a stressed state, which precludes healing. Trehalose is a stress metabolite that protects cells under stress. Here, we explored whether trehalose reduces stress-induced wound tissue damage.

Association of Corneal Biomechanics Properties with Myopia in a Child and a Parent Cohort: Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Associations between corneal biomechanics, axial elongation and myopia are important but previous results are conflicting. Our population-based study aimed to investigate factors associated with corneal biomechanics, and their relationships with myopia in children and adults. Data from 3643 children and 1994 parents showed that children had smaller deformation amplitudes (DA) than parents ( < 0.

Comparison of choroidal thickness measurements between spectral domain optical coherence tomography and swept source optical coherence tomography in children.

Choroidal thickness is associated with many ocular conditions, interchangeability among different generations of optical coherence tomography is therefore important for both research purpose and clinical application. Hence, we compared choroidal thickness measurements between spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in healthy paediatric eyes. A total of 114 children from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study with mean age of 7.

Deposition amount effects on the microstructure of ion-beam-sputtering grown MnGe quantum dots for spintronic applications.

Here, a relative simpler and lower cost method, ion beam sputtering deposition was applied to fabricate diluted magnetic Mn Ge quantum dots (QDs). The effects of Ge-Mn co-deposition amount on the morphology and crystallization of MnGe QDs were investigated systematically by employing the atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy techniques. It can be seen that the morphology, density, and crystallinity of MnGe QDs exhibit unique evolution processes with the increase of Ge-Mn co-sputtering amount.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Children is Associated with a Thinner Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Purpose: We sought to assess the effects of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (p-RNFL) thickness in children.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Children 6-8 years of age were consecutively recruited from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Inhibition of miR-96 enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin by targeting TPM1.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major threats to human health worldwide. In the treatment of CRC, chemoresistance affects the efficacy of platinum-based therapies. Oxaliplatin is one of the most commonly used first-line medications for the treatment of CRC; however, chemoresistance is common among patients receiving oxaliplatin treatment, which significantly decreases its therapeutic efficacy.

Optical properties of D and S defects induced by Si/Ni ions co-implanting into Si films on insulator.

In the article, we report the photoluminescence (PL) properties of D and S defects induced by Si/Ni ions co-implanting into the top Si film of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. Variable-temperature PL spectra of these co-implanted SOI samples indicate that the light emitting from the D defects can be observed as high as 273 K. In comparison with the other ion-implantation, the Si/Ni ion-co-implantation optimizes luminescent temperature stability of the both D and S defects and purifies the S defect type in silicon then effectively restrains the spectral broadening of the S-line in PL spectra.

Tanshinone IIA Reverses Oxaliplatin Resistance In Human Colorectal Cancer Via Inhibition Of ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Background: Oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy is generally used to treat human cancers, whereas OXA resistance is a main obstacle for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Evidence has shown that tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) could induce apoptosis in CRC cells. However, the role of combination of OXA and Tan IIA on OXA-resistance CRC cells remains unknown.

Association of Secondhand Smoking Exposure With Choroidal Thinning in Children Aged 6 to 8 Years: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Importance: Secondhand smoking is a risk to adult ocular health, but its effect on children's ocular development is not known.

Objective: To assess the association between choroidal thickness and secondhand smoking exposure in children.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Children aged 6 to 8 years were consecutively recruited from January 2016 to July 2017 from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study at the Chinese University of Hong Kong Eye Centre.

Effects of etanercept on the apoptosis of ganglion cells and expression of Fas, TNF-α, caspase-8 in the retina of diabetic rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of etanercept on the expression of Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and caspase-8 in the early stage of the apoptotic pathway in diabetic rats, and to explore the therapeutic effect of etanercept on diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups with 20 rats each, including control group, and diabetic groups with or without treatment. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were established for diabetic groups.

Therapeutic effect of protease-activated receptor 2 agonist SLIGRL-NH on loperamide-induced Sprague-Dawley rat constipation model and the related mechanism.

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effects of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) agonist SLIGRL-NH on loperamide-induced Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat constipation animal models.

Materials And Methods: Loperamide was injected subcutaneously to induce constipation twice a day for 3 days. SD rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into five groups: non-constipation group (control, n = 6), constipation group (constipation, n = 6), constipation + SLIGRL-NH low-dosage group (SLIGRL-NH low, n=6), constipation + SLIGRL-NH high-dosage group (SLIGRL-NH high, n = 6), and constipation + prucalopride (positive control, n = 6).

Spectral-Domain OCT Measurements in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Topic: OCT is a noninvasive tool to measure specific retinal layers in the eye. The relationship of retinal spectral-domain (SD) OCT measurements with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclear. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the SD OCT measurements in AD and MCI.

Association of antenatal steroid and risk of retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of childhood blindness. Use of antenatal steroid can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm births, but its effect on ROP remained controversial. We aim to determine the association between antenatal steroid and risk of ROP by a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Association of Gestational Hypertensive Disorders with Retinopathy of prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The role of gestational hypertensive disorders, which includes both pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has been controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between gestational hypertensive disoders and ROP. Eligible studies published up to June 5, 2016 were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE that evaluated the association between the two conditions.

Association between hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

As the role of hyperglycemia in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has not been well established, a meta-analysis of the association between hyperglycemia and ROP was conducted. Studies were identified through literature search in MEDLINE and EMBASE up to June 20, 2014 with keywords related to "hyperglycaemia" and "ROP". Nine eligible studies involving 1939 neonates with 509 cases of ROP were included.