Structural and anatomical changes in the retina due to sildenafil citrate overdose.

A male patient in his early 30s presented with blurred vision, photophobia and difficulty identifying colours for 2 weeks after consuming 18 tablets of 100 mg of sildenafil citrate. During the examination, the patient's bilateral visual acuity was 20/60, and his colour and contrast vision had significantly decreased. Automated perimetry showed bilateral central visual field defects.

Comparison of Dorzolamide and Netarsudil on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion in Early Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Precis: Netarsudil shows promise as a second line drug in early glaucoma patients with an increase in most OCTA parameters as compared to Dorzolamide, with comparable rates of side effects.

Objective: To compare the effect of Netarsudil and Dorzolamide on macular and optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion changes on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA), and macular ganglion cell layer (mGCL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness on OCT in preperimetric/early glaucoma patients.

Participants And Methods: In this prospective, randomized, parallel group, active controlled trial 90 preperimetric/early glaucoma eyes were recruited.

Intraoperative aberrometry-assisted refractive optimization of SFIOL.

Scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) is a widely used technique for IOL implantation in patients where capsular support is insufficient. Most surgeons have shifted away from sutured to sutureless SFIOL techniques where haptics of a multifocal IOL are inserted in scleral tunnels/flaps. Large-scale publications have shown wide variation in the refractive status of eyes post-SFIOL even in the best of the hands.

Scleral buckling in retinal detachment due to retinal dialysis - A vitreoretina fellow's perspective.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy of scleral buckling in the hands of vitreo-retina (VR) fellows under training in eyes with retinal detachment associated with retinal dialysis and analyze the patient and retinal characteristics in these eyes.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective consecutive case review at a tertiary eye care center in North India. Records of all the patients who had undergone scleral buckling (SB) for retinal dialysis-associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment by VR fellows (with less than 2 years' experience) between January 2017 and January 2020 were reviewed.

Evaluation of peripheral retinal degenerations using ultra-widefield swept source optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To describe the features of peripheral retinal degenerations using an Ultra-Widefield (UWF) Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT).

Method: In this cross-sectional study done at a tertiary eye care centre in Northern India, peripheral retinal degenerations such as lattices, snail track lesion, paving stone, White With-Out Pressure(WWOP), micro-cystoid lesions, retinoschisis and other suspicious lesions were identified with clinical examination. Following clinical examination, these eyes with peripheral retinal degenerations underwent UWF OCT.

Imaging-based Biomarkers as Predictors of Response to Anti-VEGF Therapy in Idiopathic Choroidal Neovascularization.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that predict the response of treatment-naive idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) to anti-VEGF treatment.

Methods: Fourteen eyes diagnosed with iCNV underwent a dilated fundus examination, Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) and Optical Coherence Tomography - Angiography (OCT-A), and were given an anti-VEGF injection. The same examinations were repeated at every follow-up visit.

Ultra-wide field indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To study ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) patterns in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken on 30 patients aged 20 to 60 years with CSC at the retina clinic of a tertiary care center. Of them, 43 eyes were affected by CSC, whereas 17 eyes were unaffected as the bilateral disease was observed in 13 patients.

EVALUATION OF PRONE VERSUS SUPINE POSITIONING IN FRESH RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT TREATED WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY AND GAS.

Purpose: To compare Supine versus Prone positioning in fresh rhegmatogenous retinal detachments treated with vitrectomy and gas tamponade.

Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial of 72 eyes with fresh rhegmatogenous retinal detachment that underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy: 37 eyes were allotted supine position and 35 were allotted prone position. Cases were evaluated for single-surgery reattachment rates, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cataract formation, and any complications.

First contact investigations and compliance to treatment in patients with uveitis.

Aim: To ascertain the pattern of investigations at first contact in uveitic patients and evaluate compliance to treatment.

Methods: An observational study comprised of 201 uveitic patients presenting for the first time to our centre from January 2019 to June 2020. Detailed information regarding systemic investigations undertaken by specialists at the time of first contact and the cost of these investigations were reviewed on the first visit to our centre.

Waxing and waning pattern of choroidal detachment post scleral buckle.

Purpose: Description of evolving and resolving pattern of choroidal mounds at different quadrants post scleral buckle surgery in a myopic patient.

Methods: A 48-year-old male with axial length of 32mm underwent scleral buckling for subtotal fresh retinal detachment with 360-degree multiple lattices with superior horse shoe tear. A posterior buckle was placed superiorly traversing 180-degree, 14 mm beyond muscle insertion.

Topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy using ultra-wide field angiography.

Purpose: To analyze the topographic distribution of neovascularization (NV) and capillary nonperfusion (CNP) using ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study in which all patients who presented between March 2019 and December 2020 and satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited. In our study, patients with treatment-naïve PDR without any fibrovascular proliferation underwent UWFFA.

ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY AND ADEQUACY OF PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION IN PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY USING ULTRA-WIDEFIELD IMAGING.

Purpose: To assess the characteristics of completed panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), using ultra-widefield imaging in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Quantitative assessment of ultra-widefield imaging images of 133 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with completed PRP was made using ImageJ software. The parameters assessed included distance of laser spots from the optic disk, foveal center, superior and inferior arcades, and extent of the maximum width of laser.