Effect of Customized Oral Health Awareness Program on Knowledge and Practice of Oral Hygiene Maintenance Among Institutionalized Visually Impaired Individuals of Lucknow: A Cluster Randomized Study.

Background: Visually impaired individuals face significant challenges in maintaining oral hygiene due to reliance on visual cues. Conventional oral health education (OHE) often fails to address their needs, leading to disparities in oral health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effectiveness of three customized oral health education strategies-Audio only (Group 1), Audio + Braille (Group 2), and Audio + Tactile Model (Group 3)-on oral health Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP), and clinical oral hygiene status among institutionalized visually impaired individuals in Lucknow, India.

Optimized machine learning based comparative analysis of predictive models for classification of kidney tumors.

The kidney is an important organ that helps clean the blood by removing waste, extra fluids, and harmful substances. It also keeps the balance of minerals in the body and helps control blood pressure. But if the kidney gets sick, like from a tumor, it can cause big health problems.

Structural and anatomical changes in the retina due to sildenafil citrate overdose.

A male patient in his early 30s presented with blurred vision, photophobia and difficulty identifying colours for 2 weeks after consuming 18 tablets of 100 mg of sildenafil citrate. During the examination, the patient's bilateral visual acuity was 20/60, and his colour and contrast vision had significantly decreased. Automated perimetry showed bilateral central visual field defects.

Comparative evaluation of different (peripheral defocus based) spectacle designs in preventing myopia progression: A double-blinded randomised clinical trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different peripheral defocus-based spectacle designs [Defocus Induced Multiple Segment (DIMS), Highly Aspherical Lenslets (HALT) and Cylindrical Annular Refractive Elements (CARE)] in controlling myopia progression.

Methods: This was a prospective, interventional, double-blinded, randomised clinical trial. Children aged 5 to 15 years, with myopia ranging from -1 D to -8 D and documented myopia progression of ≥0.

Exploring external rarefied gas flows through the method of fundamental solutions.

The well-known Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations of fluid dynamics are, in general, not adequate for describing rarefied gas flows. Moreover, while the Stokes equations-a simplified version of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations-are effective in modeling slow and steady liquid flow past a sphere, they fail to yield a nontrivial solution to the problem of slow and steady liquid flow past an infinitely long cylinder (a two-dimensional problem essentially); this is referred to as Stokes' paradox. The paradox also arises when studying these problems for gases.

Quantifying natural higher order aberration(s) in emmetropic human eyes and objectively evaluating retinal image quality.

Aim: This study aimed to quantify the internal, corneal and total higher order aberrations (HOAs) in the healthy human eye using ray tracing technology in bright and dim light conditions. The study also aimed to evaluate the retinal image quality and contrast modulation at different spatial frequencies, objectively using image-quality metrics derived from wavefront aberrations.

Methodology: A cross-sectional prospective observational study was conducted on 521 emmetropic young adults.

Effectiveness of teacher's training program for tobacco control in schools of Lucknow: A Quasi-experimental study.

Introduction: Teachers play a crucial role in influencing the attitudes and behaviors of their students. Their knowledge, attitude, and practice towards tobacco use, have a direct impact on strict implementation of School Tobacco Control Policies. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the teacher's training program, for tobacco control measures in schools of Lucknow.

Atropine (0.05%) for rapid progressive childhood myopia (ARM study).

Purpose: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of atropine 0.05% for myopia control among children exhibiting (documented) rapid myopia progression (>0.75D/year).

Immunogenicity and Safety of AS03-Adjuvanted H7N9 Influenza Vaccine in Adults (18-64 and ≥65 Years): A Phase 1/2, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Influenza A/Hong Kong/125/2017 (H7N9) virus poses a pandemic risk owing to its evolving nature. This study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of an AS03-adjuvanted H7N9 vaccine in adults (18-64 years [younger] and ≥65 years [older]).

Methods: Participants (younger, n = 418; older, n = 420) were randomized to receive one of six adjuvanted vaccines (hemagglutinin [1.

Application of a novel lytic phage to control enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in dairy food matrices.

A novel Escherichia coli phage designated as EC BD was isolated from cattle dung samples. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the morphology of phage EC BD belongs to the family Myoviridae. The efficiency of plating (EOP) and scanning electron microscopy revealed the strong lytic activity of phage EC BD with a large burst size and a short latent period.

Visual outcomes with implantable Collamer lens versus small incision lenticule extraction in moderate-high myopia: A pilot study.

Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes of implantable Collamer lens (ICL) with small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in cases of moderate-high myopia.

Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted on 60 eyes of 30 patients with moderate-high myopia (-3D to -8D with astigmatism ≤1 D) at a tertiary eye care center. Patients underwent either SMILE or ICL in both eyes and had a postoperative follow-up of 1 year.

Comparative Analysis of Mouth Self-Examination Awareness Amongst Tobacco Users in Urban and Rural Populations.

Background: Oral cavity cancer is a growing concern, especially in developing countries like India, due to risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, nutritional deficiencies, and spicy food intake. Early detection through screening and Mouth Self-examination (MSE) can significantly improve outcomes, but limited awareness and pain in advanced stages lead to delayed detection. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of MSE among tobacco users in urban and rural populations.

Improvised grey wolf optimizer assisted artificial neural network (IGWO-ANN) predictive models to accurately predict the permeate flux of desalination plants.

Effective planning, management, and control of industrial plants and processes have exploded in popularity to enhance global sustainability in recent decades. In this arena, computational predictive models have significantly contributed to plant performance optimization. In this regard, this research proposes an Improvised Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) aided Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predictive model (IGWO-ANN Model-1 to 4) to predict the performance (permeate flux) of desalination plants accurately.

Session-independent subject-adaptive mental imagery BCI using selective filter-bank adaptive Riemannian features.

The brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) facilitate the users to exploit information encoded in neural signals, specifically electroencephalogram (EEG), to control devices and for neural rehabilitation. Mental imagery (MI)-driven BCI predicts the user's pre-meditated mental objectives, which could be deployed as command signals. This paper presents a novel learning-based framework for classifying MI tasks using EEG-based BCI.

Assessment of prevalence and distribution of congenital missing teeth among patients visiting tertiary care hospital: A radiographic study.

Introduction: Dental Agenesis is the usual developmental dental anomaly involving both primary and permanent dentition but most commonly it affects the permanent teeth. Genetic mutations in genes like MSX, PAX9,TGFA and AXIN2 are the likely primary contributors to tooth agenesis. Identifying the prevalence and distribution of congenital missing teeth allows for early detection and intervention which is crucial for preventing or mitigating potential dental issues that may arise due to missing teeth.

Predictors of Timely Initiation and Completion of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage II/III Colorectal Adenocarcinoma.

Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for colorectal cancer (CRC) has led to substantial improvement in survival. Several clinical trials advocate the initiation of AC within 6-8 weeks of surgical resection based on evidence of improved survival with early initiation of AC. We aim to evaluate factors that predict initiation and completion of AC, subsequently improving survival.

Social Media Impact on Self-Perceived Oral Health Practices Among Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital in Lucknow: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Social media is widely used in the medical field, and people often utilize it to learn about their symptoms prior to consulting with a healthcare professional. Hence, the study aims to investigate the influence of social media on self-perceived oral health practices among patients. Methodology A cross-sectional study design was adopted, with a questionnaire comprising 15 closed-ended questions.

The diagnostic conundrum in necrotizing otitis externa.

Necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) is an aggressive and fast-evolving infection of the external auditory canal. Late diagnoses and untreated cases can lead to severe, even fatal consequences and so early diagnosis and treatment are paramount. NOE is a notoriously challenging diagnosis to make.

Low Rates of Colorectal Cancer Screening in First-Degree Relatives of Our Patients: Are We Failing Them?

Background: Guidelines recommend screening those with a family history of early-onset colorectal cancer at age 40 years or 10 years before the age of their relative's diagnosis. Currently, there is no literature reporting the screening rate in these individuals, and no protocols are in place to identify and target this population for screening awareness.

Objective: This study aimed to assess adherence to current screening guidelines among first-degree relatives of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer.

Impact of Surgical Resident Education and EMR Standardization in Enhancing ERAS Adherence and Outcomes in Colorectal Surgery.

Objective: Our study aimed at investigating the degree of adherence to ERAS pathway at our institution and to evaluate the role of providing resident education and a standardized EMR order set in improving adherence and patient surgical outcomes.

Design: The study is prospective in nature and consists of two phases with a preintervention cohort to assess adherence to ERAS protocol and a postintervention cohort to evaluate improvement in adherence and patient outcomes. Adherence with the ERAS protocol was assessed across preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases.

Evaluation of change in objective cyclotorsion after various inferior oblique-weakening procedures.

Purpose: To study the effect of four types of inferior oblique-weakening procedures on ocular torsion: inferior oblique recession (IOR), recession and antero-positioning (RAP), anterior transposition as practiced by Elliot and Nankin (EN), and anterior and nasal transposition (ANT).

Methods: The medical records of 72 consecutive patients >10 years of age undergoing inferior oblique weakening for primary or secondary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) with or without horizontal rectus surgery were reviewed retrospectively. The 106 included eyes were assigned to one of the four groups according to the type of inferior oblique-weakening procedure.

Fundamental solutions of an extended hydrodynamic model in two dimensions: Derivation, theory, and applications.

The inability of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations to capture rarefaction effects motivates us to adopt the extended hydrodynamic equations. In the present work, a hydrodynamic model, which consists of the conservation laws closed with the recently propounded coupled constitutive relations (CCR), is utilized. This model is referred to as the CCR model and is adequate for describing moderately rarefied gas flows.

Prevention and management of childhood progressive myopia: National consensus guidelines.

Myopia is a major public health problem worldwide, including India, with the global prevalence of myopia increasing rapidly over decades. The clinical and socioeconomic impact of myopia is also expected to rise with rising prevalence. Therefore, the focus has now been shifted to prevent the incidence and progression of myopia.

Effect of low-dose atropine (0.01%) on crystalline lens power among school-aged children with progressive myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the change in crystalline lens power (LP) in a cohort of Indian children with progressive myopia receiving atropine (0.01%) compared with an untreated control group.

Design: Nonrandomised clinical trial.