Application of Targeted RNA-Sequencing in High-Risk B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL): Identifying Fusions, IKZF1 Deletions, and CRLF2 Expression in an Indian Cohort.

Introduction: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is genetically heterogeneous. We assessed the utility of FusionPlex ALL targeted RNA sequencing panel in detecting gene fusions and other genomic lesions in B-ALL.

Methods: The high-risk B-ALL, negative for common recurrent gene fusions (RGF), that is, BCR::ABL1, ETV6::RUNX1, TCF3::PBX1 and KMT2A::AFF1, were analysed with RNA-based targeted sequencing 81-gene-panel FusionPlex ALL (IDT, USA).

Gene expression signature of IKZF1 deleted B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia reveals a unique regulation of MUC4.

The IKAROS (IKZF1) transcription factor regulates the differentiation of pre-B cells to mature B lymphocytes. The loss of IKZF1 expression has been linked with increased matrix adhesion along with increased expression of stemness markers that form a hallmark of B-lymphoblasts. However, the spectrum of differentially regulated genes has not been investigated in detail in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) patients expressing IKZF1 deletion.

Two Hernias, One Patient: A Case of Organoaxial Gastric Volvulus in a Paraesophageal Hernia With an Incisional Hernia.

A 65-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and swelling persisting for five years. On clinical examination, a 15 cm transverse scar was noted above the umbilicus, along with a reducible incisional hernia. Contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen revealed an incisional hernia with a single defect at the umbilical and epigastric regions with European Hernia Society classification of M2-3, W3, along with a rolling-type paraesophageal hernia.

Ab-initio analysis of CrX (X = S, Se and Te) monolayers as bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reaction in nonaqueous lithium-oxygen batteries.

Lithium-oxygen batteries are next-generation battery devices due to lightweight nature and high energy density with compared to conventional Li-ion batteries. These batteries consist a metal anode terminal and an oxygen diffused cathode terminal, in which oxygen is used as a reactant with metal atoms from surrounding air. Nonetheless, these systems facing the problems related to sluggish kinetics and higher overpotential due to formation of insoluble products at negative electrode during redox reaction.

The role of UPR-related long noncoding RNAs in development of endocrine resistance in breast cancer.

Breast cancer patients who express estrogen receptor α (ER) typically receive endocrine therapy as a first-line treatment. Most ER-positive breast cancer patients initially respond to endocrine therapy, but up to 40% of patients develop resistance over time, and the main mechanism is aberrant activation of ER signaling pathways. Recent research has shown that cancer's uncontrolled proliferative capacity and a hostile microenvironment can induce endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress and trigger unfolded protein response (UPR), which plays a crucial role in determining cell fate.

Beyond the Typical Papule: A Case Report and Review of a Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus Abscess in Molluscum Contagiosum.

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a commonly encountered viral skin infection caused by a poxvirus, primarily affecting children, sexually active adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It typically presents as small, dome-shaped, flesh-colored papules with central umbilication. In most cases, the condition is benign, self-limiting, and resolves spontaneously over several months without the need for aggressive treatment.

Genetics of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL): Recent Updates and Indian Perspective.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy of childhood. The initial risk-stratification includes the genetic evaluation for common recurrent translocations and aneuploidies in B-ALL using karyotyping, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), etc. However, many cases remain genetically unclassified and are labeled as B-other ALL.

Management of Glomus Tumors: Experience From a Tertiary Care Centre in India.

Background: Glomus tumors are uncommon soft tissue tumors that typically develop in the distal extremities, especially the finger's subungual area. Pain, soreness, and temperature intolerance, particularly cold sensitivity, make up its traditional clinical triad. There is a relative rarity in the literature on this topic, and we have analyzed and thereby discussed our experience in these cases.

MOLECULAR AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS INFECTION IN BIG CATS IN CENTRAL INDIA.

Bengal tigers () and Indian leopards () are widespread across the Indian subcontinent and form a major part of apex predators in the forest ecosystem. However, both species are endangered, and their fragile populations could be threatened by the introduction of pathogenic agents. In the present study, archived biological samples of big cats collected from different protected areas and zoological parks in central India were subjected to molecular and histological analysis for canine distemper virus (CDV) infection.

Comparison of Different Body Mass Index Classification Tools to Identify Underweight and Overweight among Young Girls in Rural Haryana.

Malnutrition is prevalent and impactful among young Indian girls aged under 18 years. Systematic errors have been observed in body mass index (BMI) classification among these girls. We assessed anthropometry of 185 young girls (15-17 years) from rural Haryana, and classified BMI using different tools by the World Health Organization (WHO), Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), and extended International Obesity Task Force (IOTF).

A Piercing Scar Over the Nose: A Rare Case of Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma.

In this study, we explore the diagnostic challenges of distinguishing hypertrophic scars from other conditions at piercing sites, illustrated by a case report of a young woman. The case highlights the importance of considering less common conditions, such as cutaneous pseudolymphoma, which can clinically mimic hypertrophic scars. The patient presented with a persistent raised spot on her nose six months after a piercing, initially treated as a hypertrophic scar.

Are Rates of Inpatient Rehabilitation Reduced for Robotic Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared With Computer Navigated Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Background: Robotic assistance and computer navigation systems are increasingly being used for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with demonstrated improvements in early functional outcomes relative to conventional instrumentation. Patients are commonly discharged to inpatient rehabilitation following TKA with substantial associated costs to health care providers. We aimed to directly compare rates of discharge to inpatient rehabilitation between robotic assisted and computer navigated TKA to investigate differences in early functional outcomes between these technologies.

DFT-based insights into novel GaN nanoring for pollutant gas adsorption: energetics and electronic modulations.

Environmental pollution, a pressing global concern, is primarily caused by the release of harmful gases. These gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), ammonia (NH), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO), and sulphur dioxide (SO), significantly contribute to climate change, environmental degradation, and adverse health effects. To address this issue, the development of advanced materials is important.

Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among elderly persons in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of joint pain among the elderly population. It deteriorates their quality of life and poses economic burden to the family and the nation. Furthermore with increasing life expectancy and growing elderly population, the prevalence of OA will eventually increase.

Delphi Survey on Measurable Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Prevailing Practices and the Way Forward in India.

Background: Measurable residual disease (MRD) is becoming a cornerstone in the multiple myeloma (MM) management; however, its implementation in India faces several challenges. This Delphi survey aimed to gather expert consensus on the current practices, and barriers in MRD monitoring in MM in India.

Methods: A 3-round Delphi process (2 e-surveys and 1 in-person meeting) was conducted with hematologists, pathologists, and oncologists managing MM in India.

Effect of Salinity on Mosquito ( Aedes ) Oviposition Preference and Survival of Larvae: A Laboratory-based Study.

Background: Vector control measures assume utmost importance in the absence of specific treatment against clinically complicated Dengue virus infections. Preventive measures such as reduction of mosquito larvae breeding hot spots also include spraying of insecticides. However, insecticides pose a risk to the general population as well as to the environment.

Use of 3D printed head and neck models for simulating 10 common ENT emergency procedures: a prospective validation study.

Objective: This study aims to validate a high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D)-printed head and neck model for training emergency medicine (EM) physicians, primary care physicians and allied health professionals in managing 10 common ear, nose and throat (ENT) emergencies.

Setting: The study was conducted at an ENT Emergencies course in London.

Study Design: Prospective validation study.

Cardio-metabolic traits and its socioeconomic differentials among school children including metabolically obese normal weight phenotypes in India: A post-COVID baseline characteristics of LEAP-C cohort.

Background: Cardio-metabolic risks emerge in early life and progress further in adult life. In recent times, COVID-19 pandemic aggravated risks owing to poor food security and diet quality. We aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiometabolic traits including the metabolically obese normal weight phenotype and its socioeconomic differentials in children and adolescents aged 6-19 years in India.

Respectful Maternity Care during Childbirth among Women in a Rural Area of Northern India.

Background: Respectful maternity care (RMC) is increasingly being accepted as an essential element for health systems. Every childbearing woman has a right to get dignified and respectful healthcare. Initial research has highlighted that disrespect and abuse are widespread, however, there is a paucity of quantitative evidence.

Spatial Variation and Adaptive Responses of Tall-Type Field Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Across Indian Subcontinent.

Understanding crop performance across diverse agro-ecologies is crucial for developing region-specific breeding strategies. This multi-location study examined the impact of diverse environments on crop eco-phenology and genotype-by-environment interactions (GEI) of tall-type field pea breeding lines. Empirical methods were employed to identify strategic locations that support higher yields and unique genotypic traits.

Addressing challenges in vector control: a review of current strategies and the imperative for novel tools in India's combat against vector-borne diseases.

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) exert a substantial burden across the world, especially in tropical countries. Malaria, chikungunya, dengue, visceral leishmaniasis, lymphatic filariasis and Japanese encephalitis are among the public health concerns for India. One of the major pillars for the containment of VBDs is vector control and different tools have been employed for several decades.

Topic: Distribution of Anopheles stephensi bioforms in selected districts of Rajasthan, India.

Introduction: Anopheles stephensi is a major urban malaria vector in Rajasthan, India, and is responsible for spreading persistent malaria throughout the year. In Rajasthan, An. stephensi is invariably distributed and has three bioforms discriminated based on the number of the ridge on the eggs viz; Type, Mysorensis, and Intermediate.

Adaptive responses of large-seeded lentils across diverse Indian climates.

A comprehensive understanding of crop responses to diverse environments is essential for designing efficient breeding programs. Currently, such insights are lacking for large-seeded lentils under Indian climatic conditions. Given that, this study aimed to assess the impacts of diverse climatic conditions on phenological developments and yield of large-seeded lentils.

Identification of heat tolerant lentil genotypes through stress tolerance indices.

With climate change projections indicating an increase in the frequency of extreme heat events and irregular rainfall patterns globally, the threat to global food security looms large. Terminal heat stress, which occurs during the critical reproductive stage, significantly limits lentil productivity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve lentil's resilience to heat stress to sustain production.

Wave ripples formed in ancient, ice-free lakes in Gale crater, Mars.

Symmetrical wave ripples identified with NASA's Curiosity rover in ancient lake deposits at Gale crater provide a key paleoclimate constraint for early Mars: At the time of ripple formation, climate conditions must have supported ice-free liquid water on the surface of Mars. These features are the most definitive examples of wave ripples on another planet. The ripples occur in two stratigraphic intervals within the orbitally defined Layered Sulfate Unit: a thin but laterally extensive unit at the base of the Amapari member of the Mirador formation, and a sandstone lens within the Contigo member of the Mirador formation.