Biomechanical properties of off-axis screw in the treatment of vertical femoral neck fractures: a finite element analysis.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the biomechanical performance of the 7.3 mm fully threaded off-axis screw (7.3-FTOS) configuration in stabilizing vertical femoral neck fractures (FNSs), comparing its effectiveness with other fixation methods.

Genetic structure and knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae): Implications for dengue fever transmission in southeastern China.

Dengue fever, transmitted by Aedes albopictus in China, is a major public health issue. The emergence of kdr gene mutations in Ae. albopictus has reduced the efficacy of insecticide-based control.

New technology: clinical efficacy of intracapsular decompression and supported hollow screw treatment for Garden IV femoral neck fractures.

Background: The management of Garden IV femoral neck fractures presents a formidable challenge. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel technological approach for treating Garden IV femoral neck fractures, involving intracapsular decompression and the utilization of supported hollow screws.

Methods: Between October 2018 and October 2021, a cohort of 46 patients, comprising 25 males and 21 females, was admitted for Garden IV femoral neck fractures.

Polygala fallax Hemsl polysaccharides alleviated alcoholic fatty liver disease by modifying lipid metabolism via AMPK.

Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of Polygala fallax Hemsl polysaccharides (PFPs) on AFLD. PFPs were purified and structurally characterized.

Posterior Wall Fragments in Acetabular Both-Column Fractures: Morphology, Type, and the Significance of its Projection.

Objective: Most both-column acetabular fractures are combined with posterior wall fragments. However, the morphology of this posterior wall is varied, and how to fix this posterior wall remains a controversial topic. To investigate the morphological characteristics of posterior wall fragments of both-column acetabular fractures and select corresponding fixation methods.

Application of metal-organic frameworks and their derivates for thermal-catalytic C1 molecules conversion.

One-carbon (C1) catalysis refers to the conversion of compounds with a single carbon atom, especially carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), and methane (CH), into clean fuels and valuable chemicals via catalytic strategy is crucial for sustainable and green development. Among various catalytic strategies, thermal-driven process seems to be one of the most promising pathways for C1 catalysis due to the high efficiency and practical application prospect. Notably, the rational design of thermal-driven C1 catalysts plays a vital role in boosting the targeted products synthesis of C1 catalysis, which relies heavily on the choice of ideal active site support, catalyst fabrication precursor, and catalytic reaction field.

Sirtuin 4 (Sirt4) downregulation contributes to chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis via mediating mitochondrial dysfunction.

Chondrocyte senescence has recently been proposed as a key pathogenic mechanism in the etiology of osteoarthritis (OA). Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying chondrocyte senescence remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted an investigation into the involvement of Sirtuin 4 (Sirt4) in chondrocyte senescence.

Promoting oral absorption of Panax notoginseng saponins via thiolated trimethyl chitosan and wheat germ agglutinin-modified nanoformulation.

This study aimed to enhance the oral absorption of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) via nanoparticles modified with thiolated trimethyl chitosan (TMC-Cys) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), termed PP-WT NPs. In vitro investigations revealed that PP-WT NPs exhibited delayed release of PNS and a strong tolerance to the gastric acids and digestive enzymes. Moreover, PP-WT NPs exhibited efficient cellular uptake and transport capabilities in the Caco-2/HT29-co-cultured cell model.

Carbon-Based Electron Buffer Layer on ZnO -Fe C -Fe O Boosts Ethanol Synthesis from CO Hydrogenation.

The conversion of CO into ethanol with renewable H has attracted tremendous attention due to its integrated functions of carbon elimination and chemical synthesis, but remains challenging. The electronic properties of a catalyst are essential to determine the adsorption strength and configuration of the key intermediates, therefore altering the reaction network for targeted synthesis. Herein, we describe a catalytic system in which a carbon buffer layer is employed to tailor the electronic properties of the ternary ZnO -Fe C -Fe O , in which the electron-transfer pathway (ZnO →Fe species or carbon layer) ensures the appropriate adsorption strength of -CO* on the catalytic interface, facilitating C-C coupling between -CH * and -CO* for ethanol synthesis.

Chitosan Oligosaccharide Modified Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Improving Oral Bioavailability of Naringenin.

Introduction: With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the research and development of nano-drugs have become one of the development directions of drug innovation. The encapsulation of the nanoparticles can change the biological distribution of the drug and improve the bioavailability of the drug . Naringenin is poorly soluble in water and has a low bioavailability, thus limiting its clinical application.

A Novel Role for RILP in Regulating Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption.

Increased bone resorption caused by excessive number or activity of osteoclasts is the main cause of osteoporosis. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are formed by the fusion of precursor cells. Although osteoclasts are primarily characterized by bone resorption, our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the formation and function of osteoclasts is poor.

Inhibition of Klf10 Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence of Chondrocytes via Modulating Mitophagy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease in the elderly. Accumulation of evidence has suggested that chondrocyte senescence plays a significant role in OA development. Here, we show that Krüppel-like factor 10 (Klf10), also named TGFβ inducible early gene-1 (TIEG1), is involved in the pathology of chondrocyte senescence.

Linolenic acid conjugated chitosan micelles for improving the oral absorption of doxorubicin via fatty acid transporter.

A novel delivery system based on linolenic acid (LA) conjugated chitosan (CS) polymeric micelles were proposed for improving the oral absorption of doxorubicin (DOX) through targeting intestinal fatty acid transporter. LA, as a ligand of the transporter, was grafted into CS to construct CS-LA micelles, and DOX was encapsulated into the micelles. The synthesized micelle material was identified by H NMR and FT-IR.

Hepatocyte-targeting and tumor microenvironment-responsive liposomes for enhanced anti-hepatocarcinoma efficacy.

To increase the antitumor drug concentration in the liver tumor site and improve the therapeutic effects, a functionalized liposome (PPP-LIP) with tumor targetability and enhanced internalization after matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2)-triggered cell-penetrating peptide (TATp) exposure was modified with myrcludex B (a synthetic HBV preS-derived lipopeptide endowed with compelling liver tropism) for liver tumor-specific delivery. After intravenous administration, PPP-LIP was mediated by myrcludex B to reach the hepatocyte surface. The MMP2-overexpressing tumor microenvironment deprotected PEG, exposing it to TATp, facilitating tumor penetration and subsequent efficient destruction of tumor cells.

Mechanism of Enhanced Oral Absorption of a Nano-Drug Delivery System Loaded with Trimethyl Chitosan Derivatives.

Introduction: In the previous study, nanoparticles coated with trimethyl chitosan (TMC) derivatives (PPTT-NPs) could promote the oral bioavailability of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). Herein, we chose PPTT-NPs as a model drug to study the property and mechanism of intestinal absorption in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The stability of PPTT-NPs was evaluated using simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid.

Inhibition of Cpt1a alleviates oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte senescence via regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and activating mitophagy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related chronic degenerative disease, and chondrocyte senescence has been established to play an important role in the pathological process. There is ample evidence to suggest that lipid metabolism plays an important role in the aging process. However, the effect of lipid metabolism on chondrocyte senescence and OA remains unclear.

TGF-β1 regulates chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis via circPhf21a-Vegfa axis in osteoarthritis.

Background: The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is an important pathway associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). This study was to investigate the involvement of circRNAs in the TGF-β signaling pathway.

Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were used to detect the proliferation of primary mouse chondrocytes (PMCs).

Preparation and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation Of Panax Notoginseng Saponins-loaded Nanoparticles Coated with Trimethyl Chitosan Derivatives.

In this study, novel Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS)-loaded nanoparticles coated with the Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) derivatives TMC-VB and TMC-Cys (PPTT-NPs) were developed to improve the oral absorption of the constituents. PPTT-NPs were prepared by the double emulsion method and showed different encapsulation effects on the major components, including Rg1, Rb1, and R1, in PNS. In vivo, the absorption rate constant and apparent absorption coefficient of PPTT-NPs were higher than PNS solution.

Modified F configuration in the treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture: a finite element analysis.

Background: The optimal treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture (FNF) in young patients remains a worldwide challenge in orthopedic surgery.

Methods: Finite element models of four internal fixations were developed to treat Pauwels type III FNF: a: the traditional inverted triangular parallel cannulated screw (PCS) model, b: the F-technique cannulated screw model, c: the modified F-technique cannulated screw model using a fully threaded screw instead of a partially threaded distally, d: the dynamic hip screw coupled with derotational screw (DHS + DS) model. Under the same conditions, finite element analyses were carried out to compare the displacement and von Mises stress distribution of four internal fixations and femurs, the maximum crack distances of the fracture surfaces, Z axis displacements of four models as well as the stress distribution in the subtrochanteric region.

Clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of haemophilic pseudotumor: A retrospective analysis of thirty-four patients.

Aims: Haemophilic pseudotumor (HPT) is a rare but challenging complication of haemophilia. This study was intended to provide our experience about clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of HPT.

Methods: Clinical medical records were retrieved from the Hemophilia Center, Nanfang Hospital, to identify the patients who had been surgically treated from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2017 with a definite diagnosis of HPT.

Clinical Characteristics and Distribution of Thumb Polydactyly in South China: A Retrospective Analysis of 483 Hands.

Purpose: This study was intended to characterize the epidemiological features of thumb polydactyly (TP) in South China.

Methods: Clinical records were retrieved from 1 central hospital in South China to identify the patients with a definite diagnosis of TP from January 2004 to January 2017. The cases were classified by their x-ray appearance.

A two-membrane electrodialytic carbonate eluent generator for ion chromatography.

A two-membrane electrodialytic carbonate eluent generator (EDG) for ion chromatography (IC) is described. It is in a sandwich-like configuration, in which the central eluent channel is spatially isolated from two outer regenerant channels by stacked cation exchange membranes (CEMs) and anion exchange membranes (AEMs). A platinum screen electrode is placed in each of two outer regenerant channels.

Surgical hand rubbing versus surgical hand scrubbing: Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy.

Background: Surgical hand rubbing (SHR) and surgical hand scrubbing (SHS) are two common methods used by surgeons to reduce surgical site infections. To date, the optimal method that can effectively reduce these infections remains unknown. In this study, we performed a comprehensive statistical analysis to compare the efficacy of these two methods in effectively controlling surgical site infections.

Influences of the micropollutant erythromycin on cyanobacteria treatment with potassium permanganate.

Cyanobacteria blooms and micropollutants (e.g., antibiotics) in source waters are two increasing environmental issues worldwide.