Creating a designer cyanobacterial ecosystem for the sustainable production of biomass rich in sun-protecting compounds: mycosporine-like amino acids and scytonemin.

This review study examines an innovative biotechnological strategy aimed at creating a specialized cyanobacterial ecosystem designed to produce high-quality biomass abundant in compounds that provide protection against solar radiation, specifically scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). The remarkable ability of cyanobacteria to produce biomass that is both sustainable and environmentally friendly has attracted considerable attention in recent years, largely due to its wide-ranging applications in various industries. However, a significant challenge remains: the concentrations of these beneficial metabolites within cyanobacteria are typically very low, rendering industrial-scale production economically unviable.

Bioremediation of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) in fluoride contaminated environment by novel bacteria Bacillus albus SSAU-9.

Cr (VI) is highly toxic, persistent, and non-biodegradable in soil-water systems, while fluoride levels in many aquatic environments are rising to similarly hazardous concentrations. This study investigates the capacity of Bacillus albus strain SSAU-9, isolated from the River Ganges and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing- to remove Cr (VI) in both the absence and presence of fluoride. Several parameters (inoculum size, salinity, pH, external electron donor, and initial Cr (VI) and fluoride concentrations) were optimized to maximize removal efficiency.

Fluoride: Toxicity, Mechanism and Role of Bioremediation in Detoxification.

Fluoride is a naturally occurring element found in the environment. However, excessive exposure to fluoride can lead to fluoride toxicity, posing serious risk to human health, plant growth, aquatic animals, and microorganisms. Prolonged exposure to high levels of fluoride can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis, causing brittle bones, joint pain, and damaged enamel.

Bioremediation of Cr(VI) using novel thermophilic bacteria Brevibacillus borstelensis SSAU-3 T: optimization, mechanism and phytotoxicity study.

Rapid industrialization and advancement of chemical fertilizers in agriculture get infused with water causing heavy pollution of inorganic pollutants has become a serious problem. This research focuses on the utilization of a thermophilic bacteria Brevibacillus borstelensis, SSAU-3 T in the bioremediation of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)). The strain has capability in > 99% removal of 40 ppm Cr (VI).

A Mechanistic Insight in Cr (VI) Bioremediation by Bacillus spp. SSAU-2 Under Multi-Heavy Metal Contamination.

Climate change has significantly contributed to high level of contamination of multi-pollutants in the environment. For instance, it increases the intensity of rainfall, leading to soil erosion and leaching of heavy metals, pesticides and other pollutants into the water bodies. Additionally, climate change intensifies both natural processes and anthropogenic activities resulting in the widespread release and dispersal of heavy metals (HMs) and other pollutants, posing great risk to environment and human health.

Evaluation of Chlorella vulgaris as sensitive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable biosensor tools for heavy metal monitoring in aquatic ecosystems.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of single-cell microalgae as sensitive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable biosensors for detecting heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. A preliminary investigation compared the sensitivity of Nostoc commune and Chlorella vulgaris to chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). C.

Role of Novel Chlorella vulgaris SSAU8 in Improving the Soil Health Under Induced Drought Stress.

The severe climate change has caused a drastic water level disparity around the globe, which eventually has been one of the biggest problems of this era related to land degradation. This has caused the multidimensional impact on ecology, the environment, and their components. Algae, one of the ancient micro-engineers, are involved in the functioning of soil microcosm.

Investigation of the toxicity of Cr (VI) against cyanobacteria and the mechanism of tolerance of the cyanobacterial consortia: a quantum mechanical approach.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is a heavy metal that is distributed globally and poses a significant threat to the environment through various mechanisms. It can react with soil and water, leading to severe environmental damage. In this study, the toxicity of Cr (VI) was investigated by analyzing two major cyanobacteria species, Nostoc commune and Anabaena variabilis, commonly found in soil along with their consortia.

The Role of PGPB-Microalgae interaction in Alleviating Salt Stress in Plants.

Plant development and yield are severely hampered by climate change. Plants are very prone to a variety of abiotic stressors during growth, making them susceptible to destruction which can reduce the productivity by 20-60%. These stresses generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Assessing the Impact of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) at Varied Concentrations on Spirulina platensis for Growth, Metal Sorption, and Photosynthetic Responses.

Spirulina platensis, a photosynthetic cyanobacterium, has garnered attention for its potential role in environmental remediation due to its ability to absorb and metabolize toxic heavy metals. Understanding its response toward toxicity of one of the most common contaminants, Cr(VI) is crucial for assessing its efficacy in bioremediation efforts. This study aims to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of Spirulina platensis to varying concentrations of Cr(VI) from 0.

Restoration of the soil fertility under Cr(VI) and artificial drought condition by the utilization of plant growth-promoting Bacillus spp. SSAU2.

The study explores the potential of an indigenous halo-tolerant microbe identified as Bacillus spp. SSAU-2 in enhancing soil fertility and promoting plant growth for sustainable agricultural practices under the influence of multiple abiotic stresses such as Cr(VI), high salinity, and artificial drought condition. The study investigated various factors influencing IAA synthesis by SSAU-2, such as pH (5 to 11), salinity (10 to 50 g/L), tryptophan concentration (0.

Bio Prospecting of Endophytes and PGPRs in Artemisinin Production for the Socio-economic Advancement.

The growing demand for Artemisia annua plants in healthcare, food, and pharmaceutical industries has led to increased cultivation efforts to extract a vital compound, Artemisinin. The efficacy of Artemisinin as a potent drug against malaria disease is well established but its limited natural abundance. However, the common practice of using chemical fertilizers for maximum yield has adverse effects on plant growth, development, and the quality of phytochemicals.

Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract and Studies on Its Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties.

The green synthesis of plasmonic metal nanoparticles (NPs) has gained considerable attention among researchers as it is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and nontoxic. We have synthesized silver NPs (Ag NPs) with (holy Tulsi) medicinal plant leaf extract by green synthesis methods. Further, we investigate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of the synthesized Ag NPs.

Evaluation of potent cyanobacteria species for UV-protecting compound synthesis using bicarbonate-based culture system.

The present investigation evaluates the potential of three cyanobacteria species , and BDUSM-13 for photo-protecting mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) synthesis using bicarbonate-based culture system. Current investigations witnessed noteworthy bicarbonate tolerance of all species (NaHCO; 0.5, 1 and 2 g L) in terms of their growth rate, chlorophyll content, biomass productivity and carbon fixation ability.

Development of a Diatom-Based Photoluminescent Immunosensor for the Early Detection of Karnal Bunt Disease of Wheat Crop.

In India, the major crop is wheat. Its production is severely hampered by seed-borne diseases such as smut and bunt which are responsible for the reduction of crop yield with poor grain quality. In the current study, an attempt was made to prepare a photoluminescence (PL)-based immunosensor for early detection of Karnal bunt (KB) disease.

Design and simulation of diatom-based microcantilever immunobiosensor for the early detection of Karnal bunt.

Fungal pathogen, the cause of Karnal bunt disease in wheat, is severely affecting the yield and grain quality, worldwide. Thus, strict quarantine regulations by most wheat growing countries have to be followed, leading to trade barriers for wheat export. The conventional methods being used for pathogen detection at symptomatic stage requires the germination of spores for the processing of samples.

Evaluation of carbon capture in competent microalgal consortium for enhanced biomass, lipid, and carbohydrate production.

Enrichment of carbon dioxide (CO) in environment is a major factor for enhancement of global warming on Earth surface. Microalgal consortia play an important role in inhibiting the alarming fluxes of CO through sustainable mechanism of bioconversion of CO into biomass. In the present investigation, eight heterogeneous consortia of cyanobacteria and green algae such as MC1, MC2, MC3, MC4, MC5, MC6, MC7, and MC8 for the sustainable utilization of effective CO sequestration and biomass production were studied.

Composition and functional property of photosynthetic pigments under circadian rhythm in the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis.

Circadian rhythm is an important endogenous biological signal for sustainable growth and development of cyanobacteria in natural ecosystems. Circadian effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ultraviolet-A (UV-A) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiations on pigment composition have been studied in the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis under light (L)/dark (D) oscillation with a combination of 4/20, 8/16, 12/12, 16/8, 20/4 and 24/24 h time duration. Circadian exposure of PAR + UV-A (PA) and PAR + UV-A + UV-B (PAB) showed more than twofold decline in Chl a, total protein and phycocyanin (PC) in light phase and significant recovery was achieved in dark phase.

Anticancer Potential of Steviol in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and mechanism of action of steviol on human breast cancer cells (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 [MCF-7]).

Materials And Methods: Sulforhodamine-B assay was performed to analyze cytotoxic potential of Steviol whereas flow cytometer was used to analyze cell cycle, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species generation.

Results: Studying the viability of cells confirms the IC of Steviol in MCF-7 cells which was 185 μM.

Microalgal consortia differentially modulate progressive adsorption of hexavalent chromium.

A set of experiments was conducted to provide significant insights of micro-algal consortia regarding chromium adsorption. Four monocultures; , sp., sp.

An analysis of phosphorylation sites in protein kinases from .

Protein kinases are promising drug targets for Leishmaniasis. We have evaluated the phosphorylation potential of protein kinases in different species and strains of Leishmania. Phosphorylation potential of serine, threonine and tyrosine residues of kinases in Leishmania parasite were studied.

Elucidating hydrogenase surfaces and tracing the intramolecular tunnels for hydrogenase inhibition in microalgal species.

Intramolecular tunnels are majorly attracting attention as possible pathways for entry of inhibitors like oxygen and carbon monoxide to the active sites of the enzymes, hydrogenases. The results of homology modeling of the HydSL protein, a NiFe-hydrogenase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella vulgaris are presented in this work. Here we identify and describe molecular tunnels observed in HydSL hydrogenase enzyme systems.

Evaluation of promising algal strains for sustainable exploitation coupled with CO2 fixation.

The photosynthetic activity of three microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella AU1, Scenedesmus AU1, and six cyanobacteria, Spirulina platensis, Anabaena cylindrica, Oscillatoria AU1, Nostoc muscurum, Synechococcus AU1, Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, was investigated. Strains S.

Analysis of proteins involved in the production of MAA׳s in two Cyanobacteria Synechocystis PCC 6803 and Anabaena cylindrica.

Mycosporine- like amino acids (MAAs) are small (<400Da), colourless, water soluble compounds composed of cyclohexenone or cyclohexinimine chromophere conjugated with the nitrogen substituent of amino acid or its amino alcohol. These compounds are known for their UV- absorbing role in various organisms and seem to have evolutionary significance. The biosynthesis of MAAs is presumed to occur via the first part of shikimate pathway.