Radiotherapy quality assurance program of ongoing clinical trial using stereotactic ablative radiation therapy for recurrent ovarian cancer (SABR-ROC): a dummy run study of a prospective, randomized, multicenter phase III trial (KGOG 3064/KROG 2204).

Background: Recurrent ovarian cancer is often treated with chemotherapy, but many patients experience multiple recurrences with progressively shorter intervals and poorer prognosis. Repeated chemotherapy reduces patients' quality of life. Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer (SABR-ROC) (KGOG3064/KROG 2204) is an ongoing trial investigating the clinical efficacy of stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) for recurrent ovarian cancer.

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of in Environmental Sources near Cattle Farms in Korea.

, a microsporidian protozoan parasite, infects diverse hosts, including humans and livestock. Transmission occurs primarily through the fecal-oral route or exposure to contaminated environmental sources, such as water and soil. While its prevalence in animals is well documented, data on environmental contamination-particularly in areas surrounding livestock farms-remain limited.

Improving mortality prediction after radiotherapy with large language model structuring of large-scale unstructured electronic health records.

Background And Purpose: Avoiding unnecessary radiotherapy (RT) in patients with limited life expectancy requires accurate selection. Traditional survival models based on structured data often lack precision. Large language models (LLMs) offer a novel approach to structuring unstructured electronic health record (EHR) data, potentially improving survival predictions by integrating comprehensive clinical information.

Postoperative conventional versus hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy in cervical cancer: a prospective multicenter randomized phase III trial (POHIM_P3 trial).

Background: For patients with high-risk factors such as pelvic lymph node metastasis, positive surgical margins, or parametrial involvement, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with whole-pelvic radiotherapy significantly improves survival outcomes. Hypofractionated radiation therapy, which delivers higher radiation doses over fewer sessions, enhances tumor control but raises concerns about increased normal tissue toxicity. A recent Korean phase II study (POHIM-CCRT) evaluated the safety of hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), delivering 40 Gy in 16 fractions with weekly cisplatin following radical surgery.

Comparison of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Surgery for Stage I Lung Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Cohort Study Utilizing Propensity Score Overlap Weighting and AI-Based CT Imaging Analysis.

With rising life expectancy and widespread lung cancer screening, early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) incidence has increased. While surgery is the standard treatment for operable stage I NSCLC, many patients are ineligible due to age or comorbidities. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has achieved good primary tumor control rates and overall survival.

End-to-end breast cancer radiotherapy planning via LMMs with consistency embedding.

Recent advances in AI foundation models have significant potential for lightening the clinical workload by mimicking the comprehensive and multi-faceted approaches used by medical professionals. In the field of radiation oncology, the integration of multiple modalities holds great importance, so the opportunity of foundational model is abundant. Inspired by this, here we present RO-LMM, a multi-purpose, comprehensive large multimodal model (LMM) tailored for the field of radiation oncology.

Label-independent framework for objective evaluation of cosmetic outcome in breast cancer.

With advancements in the field of breast cancer treatment, the assessment of postsurgical cosmetic outcomes has gained increasing significance owing to its substantial impact on patients' quality of life. However, evaluating breast cosmesis is challenging because of the inherently subjective nature of expert labeling. In this study, we present a novel automated approach, attention-guided denoising diffusion anomaly detection (AG-DDAD), designed to assess breast cosmesis following surgery.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for early‑stage non‑small cell lung cancer: Comprehensive analysis of outcomes and recurrence from a single‑center experience.

This study aimed to analyze prognostic factors in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), focusing on symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) and treatment failure patterns. This retrospective cohort study included 271 patients with early-stage NSCLC (276 lesions) treated with SBRT from May 2012 to January 2022. SBRT was administered according to standardized protocols with doses ranging from 28.

Contact-Engineered Oxide Memtransistors for Homeostasis-Based High-Linearity and Precision Neuromorphic Computing.

Homeostasis is essential in biological neural networks, optimizing information processing and experience-dependent learning by maintaining the balance of neuronal activity. However, conventional two-terminal memristors have limitations in implementing homeostatic functions due to the absence of global regulation ability. Here, three-terminal oxide memtransistor-based homeostatic synapses are demonstrated to perform highly linear synaptic weight update and enhanced accuracy in neuromorphic computing.

Reinforcing treatment and evaluation workflow of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for refractory ventricular tachycardia.

Purpose: Cardiac radioablation is a novel, non-invasive treatment for ventricular tachycardia (VT), involving a single fractional stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) session with a prescribed dose of 25 Gy. This complex procedure requires a detailed workflow and stringent dose constraints compared to conventional radiation therapy. This study aims to establish a consistent institutional workflow for single-fraction cardiac VT-SABR, emphasizing robust plan evaluation and quality assurance.

Impact of the ASTRO 2024 Guideline on Partial Breast Irradiation Eligibility in Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 24-01).

Purpose: The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has recently published new guidelines for the eligibility for partial breast irradiation (PBI). This study aims to evaluate the eligibility rates of PBI according to the ASTRO 2017 and 2024 guidelines.

Methods And Materials: Patients diagnosed with pTis-T2N0 breast cancer in 2019 from 3 tertiary medical centers were accrued.

Korean Red Ginseng Extract Powder Mitigates Fasting And Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar levels, causing complications. Red ginseng extract powder (RGEP) from Panax ginseng Meyer shows promise for diabetes treatment. However, its efficacy in managing T2DM remains unclear.

Realization of Extremely High-Gain and Low-Power in nMOS Inverter Based on Monolayer WS Transistor Operating in Subthreshold Regime.

In this work, we report an n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (nMOS) inverter using chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer WS field-effect transistors (FETs). Our large-area CVD-grown monolayer WS FETs exhibit outstanding electrical properties including a high on/off ratio, small subthreshold swing, and excellent drain-induced barrier lowering. These are achieved by n-type doping using AlO/AlO and a double-gate structure employing high- dielectric HfO.

MS-DINO: Masked Self-Supervised Distributed Learning Using Vision Transformer.

Despite promising advancements in deep learning in medical domains, challenges still remain owing to data scarcity, compounded by privacy concerns and data ownership disputes. Recent explorations of distributed-learning paradigms, particularly federated learning, have aimed to mitigate these challenges. However, these approaches are often encumbered by substantial communication and computational overhead, and potential vulnerabilities in privacy safeguards.

Recent advances in biosensors based on metal-oxide semiconductors system-integrated into bioelectronics.

Metal-oxide semiconductors (MOSs) have emerged as pivotal components in technology related to biosensors and bioelectronics. Detecting biomarkers in sweat provides a glimpse into an individual's metabolism without the need for sample preparation or collection steps. The distinctive attributes of this biosensing technology position it as an appealing option for biomedical applications beyond the scope of diagnosis and healthcare monitoring.

A novel deep learning model for a computed tomography diagnosis of coronary plaque erosion.

Patients with acute coronary syndromes caused by plaque erosion might be managed conservatively without stenting. Currently, the diagnosis of plaque erosion requires an invasive imaging procedure. We sought to develop a deep learning (DL) model that enables an accurate diagnosis of plaque erosion using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Decreased SMP30 Expression Is Related With EMT in the Kidneys of Two Siberian Tigers With CKD.

Background/aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common causes of mortality in wild non-domestic felidae. The molecular mechanism regulating renal fibrosis in nephropathy is not fully understood especially in the felidae. This study aimed to elucidate senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) expression patterns and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by immunostaining in two necropsied Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) with CKD.

Improving Medical Speech-to-Text Accuracy using Vision-Language Pre-training Models.

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is a technology that converts spoken words into text, facilitating interaction between humans and machines. One of the most common applications of ASR is Speech-To-Text (STT) technology, which simplifies user workflows by transcribing spoken words into text. In the medical field, STT has the potential to significantly reduce the workload of clinicians who rely on typists to transcribe their voice recordings.

Expired Platelet Concentrate Up-Cycling: Growth Factor-Rich Bioproduct Preparation for FBS Substitute.

Due to the short storage period, large quantities of platelet concentrate (PC) are expiring. The expired PC cannot be injected into a blood vessel, but the activity of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors, is still preserved. In this paper, we organized a process to obtain a growth factor-rich bioproduct for use as a supplement in human cell culture by optimizing freezing, thawing, and sterilization conditions.

Assessment of Eligibility and Utilization of Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Korean Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 22-15).

Purpose: We investigated the proportions of patients eligible for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) among those with pT1-2N0 breast cancer, based on the criteria set by the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), the Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO), the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBS). Additionally, we analyzed the rate of APBI utilization among eligible patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with pT1-2N0 breast cancer in 2019 were accrued in four tertiary medical centers in Korea.

Bioinspired nanoplatforms for human-machine interfaces: Recent progress in materials and device applications.

The panoramic characteristics of human-machine interfaces (HMIs) have prompted the needs to update the biotechnology community with the recent trends, developments, and future research direction toward next-generation bioelectronics. Bioinspired materials are promising for integrating various bioelectronic devices to realize HMIs. With the advancement of scientific biotechnology, state-of-the-art bioelectronic applications have been extensively investigated to improve the quality of life by developing and integrating bioinspired nanoplatforms in HMIs.