The Role of EphrinB2-EphB4 Signalling Pathway in Regeneration of Inflammatory Bone Defect.

The important role of the EphrinB2-EphB4 signalling pathway in bone remodelling has been demonstrated, while its effect on inflammatory bone defect regeneration remains poorly understood. This study was to assess the effect of EphB4-EphrinB2 signalling on inflammation-mediated bone defect repair in murine models. The modelling method of inflammation-mediated bone defect in mice was established by intraperitoneally injecting different concentrations of TNF-α.

Study on disproportionality in the detection of potential signals between quetiapine and diabetic ketoacidosis.

Purpose: Quetiapine is an atypical second-generation antipsychotic. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute metabolic complication, most commonly encountered in type 1 diabetes, and it can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. This study aimed to assess quetiapine-associated DKA using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Can mutation abundance assess the biological behavior of BRAF-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma?

Background: BRAF mutation is the most common genetic change in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Nevertheless, the association between BRAF mutation status and abundance and the biological behavior of PTC is unclear. Thus, this study investigated whether BRAF mutation status and abundance are related to PTC biological behavior and whether BRAF mutation abundance can be used to further stratify risk.

Rescuing dendritic cell interstitial motility sustains antitumour immunity.

The dendritic cell (DC)-initiated and sustained cancer immunity cycle is indispensable for effective endogenous and therapeutically mobilized antitumour T cell responses. This necessitates the continuous migration of antigen-carrying DCs from the tumour microenvironment (TME) to the tumour draining lymph nodes (tdLNs). Here, through longitudinal analysis of human and mouse tumours, we observed a progressive decrease in migratory conventional DCs (mig-cDCs) in the tdLNs during tumour progression.

C-shaped root canal systems in the bilateral mandibular first molars: a case report and literature review.

Background: Mandibular first molars typically exhibit complex root and canal anatomy. A thorough understanding of their morphological variations is crucial for endodontists to achieve successful root canal treatment. A C-shaped root canal system is a unique anatomical variation characterized by a C-shaped or semi-circular cross-sectional morphology, observed predominantly in mandibular second molars.

Metabolic profiling of triptophenolide in rat plasma, urine, bile and faeces after intragastric administration.

Triptophenolide, a major diterpenoid extracted from Hook. f., has been reported to possess significant anti-tumour, anti-androgen and anti-inflammatory activities.

Treatment opinions for dens invaginatus: A case series.

Dens invaginatus (DI) is a rare congenital dental malformation characterized by enamel or cementum folded into dentine. Such teeth are susceptible to caries, pulp infection or necrosis and periradicular lesion. The complex anatomy of this disease results in difficult treatment and a high rate of therapeutic failure.

A novel risk signature for predicting brain metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) are a devastating consequence of lung cancer. This study was aimed to screen risk factors for predicting BM.

Methods: Using an in vivo BM preclinical model, we established a series of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell subpopulations with different metastatic ability.

Chromatic confocal sensor-based on-machine measurement for microstructured optical surfaces featuring a self-aligned spiral center.

Chromatic confocal sensor-based on-machine measurement is effective for identifying and compensating for form errors of the ultra-precisely machined components. In this study, an on-machine measurement system was developed for an ultra-precision diamond turning machine to generate microstructured optical surfaces, for which the sensor probe adopts a uniform spiral scanning motion. To avoid the tedious spiral center alignment, a self-alignment method was proposed without additional equipment or artefact, which identified the deviation of the optical axis to the spindle axis by matching the measured surface points and the designed surface.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts facilitate DNA damage repair by promoting the glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Radiotherapy is an essential treatment modality for the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Tumor radioresistance is the major factor limiting the efficacy of radiotherapy in NSCLC patients. Our study aimed to reveal whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one main component of the tumor microenvironment, regulated DNA damage response of NSCLC cells following irradiation and clarify the involved mechanisms.

Single-cell sequencing reveals CD133CD44-originating evolution and novel stemness related variants in human colorectal cancer.

Background: Tumor heterogeneity of human colorectal cancer (CRC)-initiating cells (CRCICs) in cancer tissues often represents aggressive features of cancer progression. For high-resolution examination of CRCICs, we performed single-cell whole-exome sequencing (scWES) and bulk cell targeted exome sequencing (TES) of CRCICs to investigate stemness-specific somatic alterations or clonal evolution.

Methods: Single cells of three subpopulations of CRCICs (CD133CD44, CD133CD44, and CD133CD44 cells), CRC cells (CRCCs), and control cells from one CRC tissue were sorted for scWES.

Chromatic confocal sensor-based sub-aperture scanning and stitching for the measurement of microstructured optical surfaces.

The noncontact optical probe-based surface scanning is promising for the measurement of complex-shaped optical surfaces. In this study, by combining a chromatic confocal sensor and a planar nano-positioning stage, a sub-aperture scanning and stitching method is developed for the noncontact measurement of the microstructured optical surfaces, with the measured form accuracy being irrespective of the accuracy of the global scanning stage. After the scanning, the Gaussian process-based denoising is employed to remove the measurement noises, and a hybrid registration algorithm is proposed to achieve a 6-DOF alignment of any neighbored sub-apertures.

Icotinib With Concurrent Radiotherapy vs Radiotherapy Alone in Older Adults With Unresectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Palliative radiotherapy (RT) is generally recommended for older patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with poor prognosis. A new combination treatment is therefore needed.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and toxicity of RT plus icotinib vs RT alone in older patients with ESCC.

Identification of Radioresponsive Genes in Esophageal Cancer from Longitudinal and Single Cell Exome Sequencing.

Purpose: The majority (70%) of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases in the world occur in China, where radiation therapy is the most common treatment. Yet the majority of ESCC patients still relapse.

Methods And Materials: To better understand the genetic basis of radiation therapy resistance for ESCC, we performed longitudinal, whole-exome sequencing throughout radiation therapy on 42 patient tumor samples, including single-cell whole-exome sequencing for 147 cells for 2 patients.

Cancer-associated Fibroblast-promoted LncRNA Confers Radioresistance by Regulating DNA Damage Response in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Our study aimed to investigate whether CAF (cancer-associated fibroblasts) were involved in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA)-regulated radioresponse in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). By use of lncRNAs PCR array, 38 lncRNAs were screened in esophageal cancer cells and in normal esophageal epithelial cells Het-1A. LncRNA DNM3OS was detected in tumor tissues of patients with ESCC and in matched normal esophageal epithelial tissues by qRT-PCR analysis and hybridization assay.

Periodontitis May Restrain the Mandibular Bone Healing via Disturbing Osteogenic and Osteoclastic Balance.

Periodontitis has been advocated as a systematic chronic low-grade infection burden. However, the relationship between periodontitis and bone defect healing has not been elucidated. One hundred and eight male Wister rats were randomly assigned into three groups: control (healthy) group, periodontitis group, and periodontitis plus human tumor necrosis factor receptorII:IgG Fc fusion protein (rhTNFR:Fc) group.

CAF-secreted CXCL1 conferred radioresistance by regulating DNA damage response in a ROS-dependent manner in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Five-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients treated with radiotherapy is <20%. Our study aimed to investigate whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one major component of tumor microenvironment, were involved in tumor radioresistance in ESCC. By use of human chemokine/cytokine array, human chemokine CXCL1 was found to be highly expressed in CAFs compared with that in matched normal fibroblasts.

Disturbed Expression of EphB4, but Not EphrinB2, Inhibited Bone Regeneration in an In Vivo Inflammatory Microenvironment.

The important role of ephrinB2-EphB4 signaling pathway in bone remodeling has been well established. However, it is still unclear whether this bidirectional signaling also has effects on the regenerative processes of bone defects created in an inflammatory microenvironment. In this study, an experimental animal model of bone defects treated with lentiviruses was prepared and an inflammatory microenvironment was established.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts mediated chemoresistance by a FOXO1/TGFβ1 signaling loop in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Previous studies on the mechanisms underlying ESCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) chemoresistance only focused on tumor cells while tumor microenvironment has been completely ignored. Our study aimed to clarify the effect of CAFs (cancer-associated fibroblasts), one major component of tumor microenvironment, on the chemoresistance of ESCC. By primary culture, two pairs of CAFs and matched NFs (normal fibroblasts) were isolated from tumor tissues of ESCC patients and matched normal esophageal epithelial tissues, respectively.

Growth-inhibitory and chemosensitizing effects of microRNA-31 in human glioblastoma multiforme cells.

The constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) contributes to resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The aim of this study was to explore the biological role of microRNA-31 (miR-31) in GBM, particularly its role in the regulation of TMZ chemosensitivity. For this purpose, the human GBM cell lines, U251 and U87, were transfected with a miR-31 precursor (pre-miR-31), and cell proliferation, apoptosis and STAT3 phosphorylation were then assessed.

[Study on the antibacterial activity of four kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites against Enterococcus faecalis].

Objective: This study aims to compare and determine a kind of nano-hydroxyapatite composite material with good antibacterial efficacy on Enterococcusfaecalis (E. faecalis) in vitro.

Methods: We investigated the antimicrobial activity of four kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites, namely, silver/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ag/nHA), yttrium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Yi/nHA), cerium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ce/nHA), and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA), against E.

Targeting WISP1 to sensitize esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to irradiation.

Radiotherapy is a primary treatment modality for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, most of patients benefited little from radiotherapy due to refractory radioresistance. We found that WISP1, a downstream target gene of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was re-expressed in 67.