Multi-omics Analysis Reveals miR-7220-5p Alleviates NO Addictive Behaviors via NR2B/ERK/CREB Signaling.

Nitrous oxide use disorder (NUD) has recently received increasing social concern for its sharp rise among young people. However, the underlying mechanisms of NUD remain largely unexplored, which obstructs treatment strategy development and may exacerbate the epidemic of NO abuse. Thus, specifying the essential mechanisms and targets in NUD are desperately needed.

Single-Molecule Protein Profiling Using Nanopores and Dimeric Aptamer-Modified DNA Carriers.

Single-molecule protein profiling offers unparalleled sensitivity for detecting rare biomarkers, with significant potential for early disease diagnosis and monitoring. Nanopore sensors enable the detection of proteins in solution and are well-suited for clinical applications due to their high sensitivity and throughput. Here, we introduce a nanopore-based detection strategy utilising an aptamer-protein-aptamer sandwich structure to enhance protein detection further.

Occurrence, exposure and health risk assessment of heavy metals in green tea samples cultivated in Hangzhou area.

The concentration of heavy metals in 120 green tea samples grown in Hangzhou area were investigated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Except for mercury (Hg) (69.2%), Sb (98.

Advancing colorectal cancer diagnosis: The role of tumor-derived serum galanin and haptoglobin as novel biomarkers.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread and serious global malignancy. This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of galanin (GAL) and haptoglobin (HP) as new diagnostic CRC biomarkers.

Methods: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the GAL and HP levels in the serum of 88 patient with CRC and 88 healthy controls.

Spatial Decoupling Method for a Novel Dual-Orthogonal Induction MEMS Three-Dimensional Electric Field Sensor.

To mitigate the three-dimensional (3D) coupling interference of electric field sensors, a novel MEMS 3D electric field sensor with a dual-orthogonal induction structure and its spatial decoupling method is proposed. The sensor is designed with a cylindrical structure, in which two pairs of induction electrodes are orthogonally arranged to suppress common-mode interference. MEMS electric field sensing chips are utilized to achieve 3D electric field measurement.

SWI/SNF complex-mediated ZNF410 cooperative binding maintains chromatin accessibility and enhancer activity.

The clustering of multiple transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) for the same TF has proved to be a pervasive feature of cis-regulatory elements in the eukaryotic genome. However, the contribution of binding sites within the homotypic clusters of TFBSs (HCTs) to TF binding and target gene expression remains to be understood. Here, we characterize the CHD4 enhancers that harbor unique functional ZNF410 HCTs genome wide.

Quantum Mechanical Tunnelling Probes with Redox Cycling for Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Biomolecules.

Quantum mechanical tunnelling sensors (QMTs) have emerged as a promising technology for next-generation single-molecule detection. Furthermore, QMT sensors can be combined with redox species resulting in repeated oxidation and reduction (redox cycling)..

[Detection and exposure risk assessment of chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester in infant formula milk powder].

Objective: To investigate the contamination level of chloropropanols esters(MCPDEs) and glycidyl esters(GEs) in infant milk powder, and to assess the risk of exposure to MCPDEs and GEs in infant formula milk powder in Hangzhou.

Methods: Non-derivatization gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS) was used to detect MCPDEs in 73 samples of commercially available infant milk powder, including 3-chlorine-1, 2-propylene glycol ester, 3-MCPDE), 2-monochloropropane-1, 3 diol esters(2-MCPDE) and GEs. Dietary exposure assessment of chloropropanols esters and glycidyl esters were evaluated by evaluation method and margin of exposure(MOE) respectively.

Quinoline-based compounds can inhibit diverse enzymes that act on DNA.

DNA methylation, as exemplified by cytosine-C5 methylation in mammals and adenine-N6 methylation in bacteria, is a key epigenetic process. Developing non-nucleoside inhibitors to cause DNA hypomethylation is crucial for treating various conditions without the toxicities associated with existing cytidine-based hypomethylating agents. This study characterized fifteen quinoline-based analogs, particularly compounds with additions like a methylamine (9) or methylpiperazine (11), which demonstrate similar low micromolar inhibitory potency against human DNMT1 and Clostridioides difficile CamA.

Realizing Long Magnon Diffusion in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Film by the Universal Isotope Effect.

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) spintronics has become a promising research field, as it provides a new precisely manipulable degree of freedom. Recently, by utilizing the spin Seebeck effect and inverse spin-Hall effect measurements, we have discovered substantial magnon injection and transport in Pt/OIHP/YFeO nonlocalized structure. In theory, hyperfine interaction (HFI) is considered to have an important role in the magnon transport of OIHP, but there is no clear experimental evidence reported so far.

Advancing Albumin Isolation from Human Serum with Graphene Oxide and Derivatives: A Novel Approach for Clinical Applications.

This study introduces a novel, environmentally friendly albumin isolation method using graphene oxide (GO). GO selectively extracts albumin from serum samples, leveraging the unique interactions between GO's oxygen-containing functional groups and serum proteins. This method achieves high purification efficiency without the need for hazardous chemicals.

Genomic characterisation of a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae co-harbouring bla, bla, and tet(A) isolated from the bloodstream infections of patients.

Objectives: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), a superbug that can be difficult or impossible to treat, has become a worldwide problem. This study presents the first report of a CRKP strain carrying a plasmid co-harbouring bla, bla, and tet(A) and the subsequent analysis of its genomic features.

Methods: Isolation and identification of bacteria, antimicrobial susceptibility test, whole genome sequencing, and conjugation experiments assay were conducted in clinical epidemiological investigations and plasmid genetic characterisation analysis.

[Determination of 11 nutrients in liquid milk by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Objective: To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of 11 nutritional components(thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, biotin, choline, L-carnitine) in liquid milk.

Methods: Milk samples were shaken with 20 mmol/L ammonium formate solution and heated in a water bath at 100 ℃ for 30 min, then incubated with papain and acid phosphatase at 45 ℃ for 16 h, the lower liquid was collected after centrifugation for analysis. UPLC separation was performed on an ACQUITY~(TM) HSS T3(3.

Influence of environmental filtering and spatial processes on macroinvertebrate community in urban lakes in the Taihu Lake Basin, China.

Studies identifying the relative importance of multiple ecological processes in macroinvertebrate communities in urban lakes at a basin scale are rare. In this study, 14 urban lakes in the Taihu Lake Basin were selected to explore the relative importance of environmental filtering and spatial processes in the assembly of macroinvertebrate communities. Our findings revealed significant spatiotemporal variations in macroinvertebrate communities, both between lakes and across seasons.

Quinoline-based compounds can inhibit diverse enzymes that act on DNA.

Unlabelled: DNA methylation, as exemplified by cytosine-C5 methylation in mammals and adenine-N6 methylation in bacteria, is a crucial epigenetic mechanism driving numerous vital biological processes. Developing non-nucleoside inhibitors to cause DNA hypomethylation is a high priority, in order to treat a variety of significant medical conditions without the toxicities associated with existing cytidine-based hypomethylating agents. In this study, we have characterized fifteen quinoline-based analogs.

Rewiring cis-2-butene-1,4-dial mediated urinary metabolomics fingerprints of short-term exposure to furan.

Furan represents one of the dietary-sourced persistent organic pollutants and thermal processing contaminants. Given its widespread occurrence in food and various toxicological effects, accurately assessing furan exposure is essential for informing public health risks. Furan is metabolized to a reactive primary product, cis-2-butene-1,4-dial (BDA) upon absorption.

The ICF syndrome protein CDCA7 harbors a unique DNA-binding domain that recognizes a CpG dyad in the context of a non-B DNA.

, encoding a protein with a C-terminal cysteine-rich domain (CRD), is mutated in immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome, a disease related to hypomethylation of juxtacentromeric satellite DNA. How CDCA7 directs DNA methylation to juxtacentromeric regions is unknown. Here, we show that the CDCA7 CRD adopts a unique zinc-binding structure that recognizes a CpG dyad in a non-B DNA formed by two sequence motifs.

Estimating the prevalence of dyslipidemia by measuring fenofibrate in 33 cities in China.

Dyslipidemia, recognized as a predominant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), remains a pressing health concern worldwide, particularly in China with nearly 40 % of the population adversely suffering. Fenofibrate, as one of the most commonly used drugs for dyslipidemia therapy, excreted as the format of fenofibrate-acid, which showed considerable stability in sewage samples and could be detected as WBE-biomarkers to monitor the prevalence of dyslipidemia. In this work, we reported the first research on estimating the prevalence of dyslipidemia by WBE approach.

Selective Single-Molecule Nanopore Detection of mpox A29 Protein Directly in Biofluids.

Single-molecule antigen detection using nanopores offers a promising alternative for accurate virus testing to contain their transmission. However, the selective and efficient identification of small viral proteins directly in human biofluids remains a challenge. Here, we report a nanopore sensing strategy based on a customized DNA molecular probe that combines an aptamer and an antibody to enhance the single-molecule detection of mpox virus (MPXV) A29 protein, a small protein with an M.

Multiplexed detection of viral antigen and RNA using nanopore sensing and encoded molecular probes.

We report on single-molecule nanopore sensing combined with position-encoded DNA molecular probes, with chemistry tuned to simultaneously identify various antigen proteins and multiple RNA gene fragments of SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and selectivity. We show that this sensing strategy can directly detect spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins in unprocessed human saliva. Moreover, our approach enables the identification of RNA fragments from patient samples using nasal/throat swabs, enabling the identification of critical mutations such as D614G, G446S, or Y144del among viral variants.

Nanopore Detection Using Supercharged Polypeptide Molecular Carriers.

The analysis at the single-molecule level of proteins and their interactions can provide critical information for understanding biological processes and diseases, particularly for proteins present in biological samples with low copy numbers. Nanopore sensing is an analytical technique that allows label-free detection of single proteins in solution and is ideally suited to applications, such as studying protein-protein interactions, biomarker screening, drug discovery, and even protein sequencing. However, given the current spatiotemporal limitations in protein nanopore sensing, challenges remain in controlling protein translocation through a nanopore and relating protein structures and functions with nanopore readouts.

Sediments are important in regulating the algae-derived off-flavor (β-cyclocitral) in eutrophic lakes.

In recent years, due to global warming and water eutrophication, cyanobacterial blooms have occurred frequently worldwide, resulting in a series of water quality problems, among which the odor problem in lakes is one of the focuses of attention. In the late stage of the bloom, a large amount of algae accumulated on the surface sediment, which will be a great hidden danger to cause odor pollution in lakes. β-Cyclocitral is one of the typical algae-derived odor compounds that cause odor in lakes.

Improved performance of InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers on silicon using InAlAs trapping layers.

InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well lasers grown on silicon (001) by molecular beam epitaxy have been demonstrated. By inserting InAlAs trapping layers into AlGaAs cladding layers, misfit dislocations easily located in the active region can be effectively transferred out of the active region. For comparison, the same laser structure without the InAlAs trapping layers was also grown.