Comparative Analysis of Septin Modifiers, Forchlorfenuron and UR214-9, on Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Lytic Cell Death.

Septins are conserved GTP-binding proteins that play key roles in cell division, mitochondrial dynamics and immune responses. Despite their importance to human health, pharmacological compounds to modify septins remain limited. Forchlorfenuron (FCF) was the first small molecule identified to modify septins, disrupting their organisation and promoting mitochondrial fragmentation.

Changes in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and health care resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Background: Albuminuria, indicated by an elevated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) at baseline, is consistently associated with poor clinical outcomes and increased economic burden. The effect of a change in albuminuria over time on health care resource utilization is not well understood.

Objective: To assess the association between changes in UACR and economic outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Development of a composite core collection from 5,856 Sesame accessions being conserved in the Indian National Genebank.

Objectives: A composite core collection (CCC) in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) will help utilize genetic resources efficiently. This study reports, using genomics tools, a representative minimal set (CCC) that capture maximal genetic diversity from a set of 5,856 sesame accessions being conserved at the National Genebank (NGB) of the ICAR-NBPGR.

Montelukast attenuated memory decline, neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers in Aβ exposed model of alzheimer's disease in mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents major cognitive and memory decline in the elderly patients. Although Montelukast has traditionally been used for the treatment of asthma, its role in prevention of neuropathological changes and memory decline in AD have recently been reported in literature. However, the brain availability through oral administration of Montelukast is limited due to its poor blood-brain barrier permeation.

Unlocking the Power of CXCR2 Inhibition to Overcome Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality, characterized by intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies and limited effective treatment options. In this study, we investigated the role of the CXCR2 axis in PDAC therapy resistance. CXCR2, a chemokine receptor, is actively involved in inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis.

Antigens activated SOCS3CD200RCD4 T cells are critical to Leishmania pathogenesis and a distinctive target for vaccine development.

The expression of suppression of cytokine signalling protein (SOCS3) has been posited as a critical determinant of T cells differentiation and maturation during visceral leishmaniasis (VL), however, the antigen-activated CD4 T cell phenotypes expressing this protein have not been explored much. Since, the inherent nature of SOCS3 protein directs the polarization of CD4 T cells towards anti-inflammatory Th2 axis, the identification of SOCS3 expressing T-cell phenotypes will provide a better understanding on Leishmania immunobiology. Our previous findings have delineated a distinct Leishmania antigens activated CD4 T cells phenotype expressing CD200R receptor that acts as prime anti-inflammatory disease promoting subset.

Dural Venous Sinus Variations Observed in Magnetic Resonance Venography at a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study.

Introduction: The dural venous system, composed of various sinuses, plays a crucial role in draining deoxygenated blood from the central nervous system. Understanding its anatomical variations is essential to differentiate it from pathological conditions like cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This study aims to evaluate the anatomical variations of the dural venous sinuses using Magnetic Resonance Venography.

The effect of silymarin and selenium-yeast supplementation on antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and metabolic hormones in heat-stressed Barbari goats.

The primary aim of this study was to explore the effect of silymarin (SM) and selenium-yeast (SY) on antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and metabolic hormones in Barbari goat during heat stress. Thirty-two Barbari goats (age: 7.2 ± 0.

Anomalous thermoresponsive phase behavior in a minimal lattice model mimicking proteins.

Proteins are known to phase separate and form biomolecular condensates that play key roles in cellular functions. Therefore, there is now a growing interest in understanding rational design principles for protein sequences that exhibit rich stimulus-responsive phase behavior. Here, we have developed a minimal lattice-gas model and employed Monte-Carlo simulations to capture rich thermoresponsive phase behavior often observed in computational and experimental studies on disordered proteins.

Survival of GG in Chitosan-Coated Alginate Beads: Effects of Food Matrices (Casein, Corn Starch, and Soybean Oil) and Dynamic Gastrointestinal Conditions.

Probiotics like GG (LRGG) offer health benefits but face reduced viability under harsh gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. Encapsulation improves stability, yet most studies rely on static GI models with a simplified environment that may overestimate survival. This study assessed LRGG survival using chitosan-coated alginate beads under both static and dynamic GI models, including peristaltic flow and continuous juice replenishment.

A Comparative Study of Erector Spinae Plane Block and Thoracic Epidural Block on Respiratory, Analgesic, and Hemodynamic Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Rib Fractures.

Background Rib fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) provides excellent pain relief in the management of rib fractures. However, side effects, such as hypotension, and the technical challenges associated with its insertion can limit the use of this technique.

Role of Multiphasic Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Neoplastic Pancreatic Masses: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Background: Pancreatic neoplasms are associated with high morbidity and mortality, largely due to late diagnosis and challenges in accurate staging. Multiphasic computed tomography (CT) is a critical imaging tool for evaluating pancreatic masses offering detailed information on lesion characterization and surgical resectability. Precise radiological assessment is vital for treatment planning, and correlating imaging findings with histopathology improves diagnostic efficiency.

Effectiveness of combining psychological prevention interventions with interventions that address the social determinants of mental health in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Question: Task-shared preventive psychological interventions combined with interventions addressing social determinants of mental health may prevent common mental health conditions (CMHCs), particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, an evidence synthesis of their combination has not yet been investigated. We aimed to systematically assess the effectiveness of these combined interventions in LMICs.

Severe hyperlactatemia from Warburg effect due to post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after paediatric heart transplantation with resolution following thiamine administration.

Hyperlactatemia is a common and concerning finding in the paediatric cardiac ICU as it may signify tissue hypoperfusion and/or hypoxia. However, it is important to include other aetiologies for an elevated lactate in the differential, especially when the lactate is significantly elevated (> 8 mmol/L). We present the case of metabolic acidosis with severe hyperlactatemia secondary to Warburg effect and presumed thiamine deficiency in a paediatric heart transplant patient with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.

Ferrous sulfate and lipopolysaccharide co-exposure induce neuroinflammation, neurobehavioral motor deficits, neurodegenerative and histopathological biomarkers relevant to Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in Wistar rats.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Although iron is one of the essential micronutrients in the brain, its excess exposure and accumulation in the brain substantia nigra and striatum regions may induce critical pathological changes relevant to PD. This study has evaluated neurobehavioral, biochemical, and structural alterations resembling PD-like symptoms induced through a 4-week co-exposure of ferrous sulfate (FeSO) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Wistar rats.

Vaginal Microbiota in Women With Spontaneous Preterm Labor Compared to Spontaneous Term Labor: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.

Background: Preterm birth is the second leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine if there were differences in the microbiota between women experiencing preterm labor and those with full-term pregnancies. Additionally, we aimed to identify the vaginal microorganisms present and their antibiotic sensitivities in women undergoing spontaneous preterm labor.

Nutritional profiling of horse gram through NIRS-based multi-trait prediction modelling.

Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verd.) is an underutilised legume from the Indian subcontinent.

Development of genome-wide SSR markers through mining of guava ( L.) genome for genetic diversity analysis and transferability studies across species and genera.

Guava ( L.) is one of the economically major fruit crops, abundant in nutrients and found growing in tropical-subtropical regions around the world. Ensuring sufficient genomic resources is crucial for crop species to enhance breeding efficiency and facilitate molecular breeding.

Techno-functional properties of Cactaceae polysaccharides for food packaging application: A review.

The growing environmental concerns over the use of synthetic polymers have encouraged the search for biodegradable alternatives in food packaging. Among natural sources, the Cactaceae family has emerged as a promising candidate due to its abundance, sustainability, and versatile functional properties. Mucilage extracted from Opuntia cladodes and pectin obtained from Pitaya peels exhibit valuable characteristics, including antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Comparative Study of Postoperative Healing Outcomes With and Without Medicated Cavity Packing Following Canal Wall Down (CWD) Mastoidectomy.

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative medicated mastoid cavity packing on healing outcomes following canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy compared to no packing. Methods This prospective observational study included 125 patients undergoing CWD mastoidectomy, matched for age and sex, and assigned to two groups. Group A (n=62) received medicated mastoid cavity packing containing ofloxacin, ornidazole, clobetasone propionate, and itraconazole on postoperative days 0, 10, and 20.

Prevalence of and in the Genital Tract of Women Undergoing Hysterectomy for Benign and Malignant Disease at a South Indian Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Endometrial cancer is the third most common cancer affecting the lower genital tract of women. Studies have shown modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for the same, which include genetic factors and microbes. Alteration in the microflora of the lower genital tract might be a triggering factor for many pathological and malignant conditions.

Kennedy's disease from India: An Indian Cohort with multisystemic manifestations.

BackgroundKennedy's disease (KD) is a rare, insidiously progressive lower motor neuron syndrome characterised by amyotrophy involving the appendicular or bulbar musculature of adult males in their fourth to fifth decade. There are no large series from the Indian subcontinent describing the clinical-genetic and laboratory spectrum of KD.AimTo describe the clinical, electrophysiologic, metabolic and genetic profile of patients with KD.

Comparison of safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular and infraclavicular subclavian vein cannulation in intensive care unit patients: A randomized clinical study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the ease, difficulties, and complication rate of subclavian venous catheterization using the supraclavicular (SC) and infraclavicular (IC) approach under real-time ultrasound (USG) guidance in intensive care unit (ICU). The primary objective was to compare total procedure time during USG-guided subclavian vein catheterization.

Methods: This was a prospective randomized comparative study.