A two-photon fluorescent probe for sensitive detection and imaging of hypochlorite in depression model.

Hypochlorite (ClO) is involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Real-time monitoring of ClO levels is essential for understanding its role in diseases. In this study, a novel selenide-based two-photon fluorescent probe Cou-Se was developed for ClO detection based on coumarin fluorophore and 2-phenylseleno acetate.

BALs are prognostic biomarkers and correlate with malignant behaviors in breast cancer.

Background: The B-aggressive lymphoma (BAL) proteins, including BAL1, BAL2, and BAL3, constitute a conserved protein family characterized by their N-terminal macro domains and putative C-terminal poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) active site. Dysregulation of BALs has been closely associated with the progression of various cancers. However, there is limited understanding of their precise expression profile, prognostic significance, and role in breast cancer (BC).

Acetyl-CoA Short-Chain Synthetase-2 Regulates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Histone Acetylation.

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality, and although reperfusion therapy is essential for myocardial salvage, it often results in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which contributes substantially to cardiomyocyte necrosis. Although the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte necrosis remain unclear, we identified ACSS2 as a key regulator in myocardial I/R injury. ACSS2 was upregulated under oxidative stress and I/R conditions.

Novel insights into the N 6-methyladenosine modification on circRNA in cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) generated through the reverse splicing of mRNA precursors (pre-mRNAs). They possess a unique loop structure and exhibit remarkable stability. CircRNAs have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer, with specific circRNAs playing crucial roles in cancer drug discovery, treatment, and resistance mechanisms.

Cell cycle arrest of cardiomyocytes in the context of cardiac regeneration.

The limited capacity of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes to undergo cell division and proliferation is one of the key factors contributing to heart failure. In newborn mice, cardiac proliferation occurs during a brief window, but this proliferative capacity diminishes by 7 days after birth. Current studies on cardiac regeneration focused on elucidating changes in regulatory factors within the heart before and after this proliferative window, aiming to determine whether potential association between these factors and cell cycle arrest in cardiomyocytes.

Protein S-glutathionylation confers cellular resistance to ferroptosis induced by glutathione depletion.

Ferroptosis is one of the most critical biological consequences of glutathione depletion. Excessive oxidative stress, indicated by an elevated oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio, is recognized as a key driver of ferroptosis. However, in glutathione depletion-induced ferroptosis, a marked decrease in total glutathione levels (including both GSH and GSSG) is frequently observed, yet its significance remains understudied.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Mimetic Peptide and Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant-Loaded Hydrogel System Improves Repair of Myocardial Infarction in Mice.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a pathological state characterized by persistent ischemia of the heart. Following MI, the structural and functional remodeling of the myocardium and vasculature involves oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which exacerbate myocardial injury. Currently, there are limited effective treatments available to alleviate MI-induced damage.

Activation of spinal PGC-1α regulates microglial polarization through a feedback loop between ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and the NLRP3 inflammasome in neuropathic pain.

Background: An imbalance in microglial polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a master coregulator of gene expression in mitochondrial biogenesis, is related to microglial polarization. However, the underlying mechanism involved is poorly understood.

A Nonconsumptive Fluorescent Probe for Precise Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Inflammation.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) plays a vital role in various physiological and pathological processes. Thus, fluorescent probes of HO are powerful tools for the investigation of HO-related diseases. However, developing fluorescent probes that do not irreversibly consume HO presents a significant challenge.

Modified bFGF targeting connective tissue growth factor in the injured microenvironment improved cardiac repair after chronic myocardial ischemia.

Myocardial infarction (MI) was a cardiovascular emergency that led to heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was revealed to promote angiogenesis and protect cardiomyocytes against ischemic injury. But conventional delivery of bFGF in an uncontrolled manner was inefficient and diffusive, limiting its application in MI therapy.

Accuracy of lung ultrasound in predicting successful extubation in preterm infants born ≤ 25 weeks.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of the lung ultrasound score (LUS) for successful extubation in preterm infants born at ≤25 weeks.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. Preterm infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 25 weeks who received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for ≥72 h were included.

Aerobic Ammoxidation of Cyclic Ketones to Dinitrile Products with Copper-Based Catalysts.

Adiponitrile (ADN) has wide applications, especially in the polymer industry. With the substantial and increasing global demand for ADN, effective production of ADN using safe and abundant starting materials is highly desirable but very challenging. Herein, we discovered that CuBr, combined with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), could effectively promote the ammoxidation reaction of cyclohexanone to ADN with a yield of >99% using aqueous ammonia as the nitrogen source and O as the terminal oxidant under mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 5 atm O).

mA-modified circCacna1c regulates necroptosis and ischemic myocardial injury by inhibiting Hnrnpf entry into the nucleus.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are differentially expressed in various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) injury. However, their functional role in necroptosis-induced loss of cardiomyocytes remains unclear. We identified a cardiac necroptosis-associated circRNA transcribed from the Cacna1c gene (circCacna1c) to investigate the involvement of circRNAs in cardiomyocyte necroptosis.

Ambient-pressure alkoxycarbonylation for sustainable synthesis of ester.

Alkoxycarbonylation reactions are common in the chemical industry, yet process sustainability is limited by the inefficient utilization of CO. In this study, we address this issue and demonstrate that significant improvements can be achieved by adopting a heterogeneously catalyzed process, using a Ru/NbO catalyst. The Ru/NbO catalyst enables the direct synthesis of methyl propionate, a key industrial commodity, with over 98% selectivity from CO, ethylene and methanol, without any ligands or acid/base promoters.

A Hypochlorite-Activated Theranostic Prodrug for Selective Imaging of High Myeloperoxidase Expression Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Drug Release.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematologic disease. Diagnosis and proper treatment are important for prognosis. High myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression AML cells are characterized with high levels of hypochlorite (ClO).

The systemic inflammation response index as a risk factor for hepatic fibrosis and long-term mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background And Aims: The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is associated with various diseases with inflammatory components, but its relationship with the progression of hepatic fibrosis and survival outcomes in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the potential associations between the SIRI and advanced hepatic fibrosis (AHF) as well as between the SIRI and long-term outcomes in individuals with MASLD.

Methods And Results: A prospective cohort study was conducted using data gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2005 to 2016.

Modified EBP-bFGF targeting endogenous renal extracellular matrix protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening disease primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can result in renal failure. Currently, growth factor therapy is considered a promising and effective approach for AKI treatment. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an angiogenic factor with potent activity, efficiently stimulates angiogenesis and facilitates regeneration of renal tissue.

Diagnostic value of anti-mitochondrial antibody in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) and the M2 subtype are considered serological hallmarks in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, these autoantibodies may be undetectable in some patients. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of serum AMA and M2 for PBC.

Risk of herpes zoster associated with JAK inhibitors in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are a novel class of drugs that have shown efficacy in treating immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). However, their safety profile in terms of herpes zoster infection remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the risk of herpes zoster associated with JAK inhibitors in patients with IMIDs.

Non-coding RNAs regulating mitochondrial function in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease-related death worldwide and a significant obstacle to improving patients' health and lives. Mitochondria are core organelles for the maintenance of myocardial tissue homeostasis, and their impairment and dysfunction are considered major contributors to the pathogenesis of various CVDs, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, the exact roles of mitochondrial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis remain not fully understood.

Transcriptome-wide association study reveals cholesterol metabolism gene Lpl is a key regulator of cognitive dysfunction.

Cholesterol metabolism in the brain plays a crucial role in normal physiological function, and its aberrations are associated with cognitive dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine which cholesterol-related genes play a vital role in cognitive dysfunction and to dissect its underlying molecular mechanisms using a systems genetics approach in the BXD mice family. We first systematically analyzed the association of expression of 280 hippocampal genes related to cholesterol metabolism with cognition-related traits and identified lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) as a critical regulator.

A simple method for the preparation of CeOwith high antioxidant activity and wide application range.

Cerium oxide (CeO) is a well-known antioxidant with the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species due to its unique electronic structure and chemical properties. Although many methods to enhance the antioxidant activity of CeOhave been reported, its antioxidant activity is still not high enough, and some enhancement effects are limited by the material concentration. There are also some CeOobtained with high antioxidant activity at high concentrations, which is not conducive to the application of biomedicine.

β-hydroxybutyrate inhibits ferroptosis-mediated pancreatic damage in acute liver failure through the increase of H3K9bhb.

Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia are often seen in patients with acute liver failure (ALF). However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study describes pancreatic tissue damage and exocrine dysfunction in a mouse model of major-liver-resection-induced ALF.

Egr1 confers protection against acetaminophen‑induced hepatotoxicity via transcriptional upregulating of Acaa2.

: Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) is a common cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The mechanism underlying protection in AILI or DILI remains to be elucidated, and the role of early growth response 1 (Egr1) in AILI and potential mechanisms remain to be known. : The role of Egr1 was studied both and .