Targeting ribosomes reprograms the tumour microenvironment and augments cancer immunotherapy.

Background: Hyperactive ribosome biogenesis is a hallmark of tumours. Current ribosome-related studies are concentrated on cancer cells. Ribosomes can regulate both tumour and non-cancer cells within the tumour microenvironment, yet the immunomodulatory effects of cellular ribosome biogenesis blockade remain inadequately understood.

Metformin Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Diabetic Osteoporosis by Regulating Autophagy.

Patients with diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) face significant challenges in bone defect repair and regeneration. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to their accessibility and multi-potency. However, DOP-ASCs exhibit lower capacity for osteogenic differentiation compared to control ASCs (CON-ASCs).

Melanin Regulation and Autophagy Modulation by Rosa centifolia L. Extract and Its Key Compounds (Astragalin and Ellagic Acid).

Rosa centifolia, a widely used rose species, has been extensively studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, little research has been conducted on its skin-whitening properties. Therefore, this study investigated the application of R.

Advancements in bone organoids: perspectives on construction methodologies and application strategies.

Background: In clinical practice and research, bone defects due to tumor growth, trauma, and different pathological conditions are significant challenges. Although bone possesses an intrinsic capacity for regeneration, extensive bone abnormalities necessitate applying advanced methods for regenerating bone. Bone organoids have made methodological breakthroughs in this field, and the use of bone organoids to repair bone defects has gained wide acceptance in the scientific community, supported by a large body of experimental evidence.

Bridging the gap: clinical translation of adipose-derived stem cells - a scoping review of clinical trials.

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine due to their multipotency, immunomodulatory properties, and ease of procurement. Despite extensive preclinical research, the clinical translation of ADSCs remains fragmented, with challenges in standardization, reproducibility, and evidence synthesis.

Objective: This scoping review, complemented by bibliometric analysis, aims to map the landscape of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ADSC therapies, identify gaps between basic research and clinical translation, and highlight emerging trends in the field.

Temperature-Responsive Polymer Grafted Carbon Nanotubes for Active Control of Mineral Scaling.

Scaling presents a major challenge in water treatment industries, reducing operational efficiency and shortening the service life of membranes and plumbing systems. Frequent membrane replacement imposes a substantial economic burden. Traditional scale removal methods, including physical cleaning and chemical treatments, often cause membrane damage, environmental hazards, and additional costs.

Interfacial Heating in Membrane Distillation: Advances, Optimization Strategies, and Industrial Applications for Desalination.

Interfacial heating (IH) membrane distillation (MD) is a promising MD variation with significant potential for freshwater production from brine and seawater. Unlike conventional MD, IH-MD heats locally between the hydrophobic membrane and saline water to enhance the vapor flux and minimize heat loss. However, a unified understanding of the performance of various IH-MD systems remains lacking.

Performance of MRI-based radiomics for prediction of residual disease status in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radical radiotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to determine if habitat radiomic features extracted from pretherapy multi-sequence MRI predict residual status in patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) after radical radiotherapy. The retrospective study enrolled 179 primary NPC patients, divided into training and validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio. K-means clustering was employed to segment T2WI, CE-T1WI and FSCE-T1WI images, creating habitats within the volume of interest.

Solute carrier family 15 member 4, an emerging therapeutic target for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease characterized by excessive production of type I interferons (IFNs) and autoantibodies with limited effective clinical treatments. Solute carrier family 15 member 4 (SLC15A4), a proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter, facilitates the transmembrane transport of L-histidine and some di- and tripeptides from the lysosome to the cytosol. A growing body of evidence has elucidated the critical role of SLC15A4 in pathogenesis and disease progression of SLE.

Fatty acid binding proteins-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of age-related diseases: A review.

Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) act as lipid chaperones and play a role in the pathological processes of various lipid signaling pathways. Mitochondria are crucial for the regulation of lipid metabolism. As an aging marker, lipid-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in the etiology of numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, and tumorigenesis.

The environmental risk of heterogeneous oxidation is unneglectable: Time-resolved assessments beyond typical intermediate investigation.

The safety of advanced oxidation processes is paramount, surpassing treatment efficiency concerns. However, current research is limited to the qualitative toxicity investigations of targeted contaminants by-products, while the detoxification effects of heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes are largely unknown. Here we propose an environmental risk assessment that distinguishes between preferred oxidation pathways of the detoxification effects, thereby selecting the most suitable treatment system for each contaminant.

Activation of autophagy mediated by PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling cascade alleviates impaired adipose-derived stem cell osteogenesis in a diabetic microenvironment.

Background And Purpose: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to the onset and advancement of diabetic osteoporosis (DOP). Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have garnered attention in the field of bone renewal; the mechanisms leading to decreased osteogenesis within a diabetic environment are not fully understood. This study explores the effects/molecular pathways of AGEs on the osteogenesis of ASCs both in vitro and in vivo.

Metabolic Rewiring and Post-Translational Modifications: Unlocking the Mechanisms of Bone Turnover in Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by low bone density resulting from abnormal bone metabolism, caused by impaired osteogenesis and/or excessive bone resorption. The coordinated differentiation of osteoblasts (originating from mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoclasts (derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells) is necessary for maintaining normal bone remodeling and homeostasis. Metabolites have been confirmed to regulate cellular behavior through post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation, lactylation, and succinylation.

YTHDC1 Modulates the Osteogenic Capacity of hPDLSCs via Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway for the Treatment of Bone Defects in Osteoporosis Rats.

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects. Previous studies have indicated that mA plays a crucial role in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. However, research on the relationship between YTHDC1, as a reading protein, and the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs remains unexplored.

The Hypoxia-Associated High-Risk Cell Subpopulation Distinctly Enhances the Progression of Glioma.

Less-aggressive lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) frequently transform into glioblastoma (GBM). Most previous studies of gliomas have not focused on LGG-original high-risk subpopulations, which may be one of the most critical hallmarks of glioma progression. In this study, LGG samples are collected to perform single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and identify a unique cell subpopulation marked by CDC20, KIF20A and PTTG1, correlating with poor survival in multiple cohorts.

MBST-Driven 4D-CBCT reconstruction: Leveraging swin transformer and masking for robust performance.

Objective: This research developed an innovative Mask-based Swin Transformer network (MBST) to enhance the quality of 4D cone-beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) reconstruction. The network is trained on 4D-CBCT reconstructed under limited scanning conditions, enabling its application to a broad range of 4D-CBCT reconstruction scenarios, including those with high scanning speeds.

Methods: 4D imaging data from 20 patients with thoracic tumors were used to train and evaluate the deep learning model.

A Smart Semi-Implantable Device Integrating Microchannel-Enhanced Sampling and Multiplex Biochemical Testing for Deep Wound Monitoring and Pathogen Identification.

Monitoring deep wounds is challenging but necessary for high-quality medical treatment. Current methodologies for deep wound monitoring are typically limited to indirect clinical symptoms or costly non-real-time imaging diagnosis. Herein, a smart system is proposed that enables in situ monitoring of deep wounds' status through a semi-implantable device composed of 2 seamlessly connected functional components: 1) the well-designed, microchannel-structured sampling needles that efficiently and conveniently collect samples from deep wound anatomical locations, and 2) the multiplex biochemical testing compartment that facilitates the immediate and persistent detection of multiple biochemical indicators based on a color image processing software accessible to a conventional smartphone.

Targeting Metabolic Adaptation of Colorectal Cancer with Vanadium-Doped Nanosystem to Enhance Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.

The anti-tumor efficacy of current pharmacotherapy is severely hampered due to the adaptive evolution of tumors, urgently needing effective therapeutic strategies capable of breaking such adaptability. Metabolic reprogramming, as an adaptive survival mechanism, is closely related to therapy resistance of tumors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exhibit a high energy dependency that is sustained by an adaptive metabolic conversion between glucose and glutamine, helping tumor cells to withstand nutrient-deficient microenvironments and various treatments.

Designing Silk Biomaterials toward Better Future Healthcare: The Development and Application of Silk-Based Implantable Electronic Devices in Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy.

Implantable medical electronic devices (IMEDs) have attracted great attention and shown versatility for solving clinical problems ranging from real-time monitoring of physiological/ pathological states to electrical stimulation therapy and from monitoring brain cell activity to deep brain stimulation. The ongoing challenge is to select appropriate materials in target device configuration for biomedical applications. Currently, silk-based biomaterials have been developed for the design of diagnostic and therapeutic electronic devices due to their excellent properties and abundant active sites in the structure.

The complete telomere-to-telomere sequence of a mouse genome.

The current reference genome of , GRCm39, has major gaps in both euchromatic and heterochromatic regions associated with repetitive sequences. In this work, we have sequenced and assembled the telomere-to-telomere genome of mouse haploid embryonic stem cells. The results reveal more than 7.