In Situ Localized Transformation from Anatase to Titanium Monoxide via Focused Electron Beam Irradiation.

Precise architectural control of nanocrystals is essential for engineering functional nanomaterials, where electron beam processing offers unique capabilities in top-down nanofabrication. Achieving spatially targeted nanostructure via electron beam manipulation remains technologically challenging. This study demonstrates localized reductive transformation from TiO₂ to conductive TiO within 5 nm regions, accomplished through controlled electron probe irradiation in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope.

Enhanced Thermal Stability and Oxygen Activation of Electrostatically Assembled Single-Layer MnO for Thermocatalysis and Single-Atom Catalysis.

2D materials-supported single-atom catalysts are of considerable interest in heterogeneous catalysis due to their unique geometric and electronic structures. However, most of the reported catalytic reactions over these catalysts are hitherto limited to electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and other reactions operated under modest conditions. The compromised thermal stabilities of 2D materials and single atoms, in comparison to their 3D bulk counterparts, limit a proper evaluation of their catalytic capabilities in thermocatalysis.

Revisiting the dissolution-recrystallization mechanism of rutile growth from protonated titanate nanotubes.

Rutile, as the most stable natural phase of TiO, is an important industrial chemical. The hydrothermal phase transition from protonated titanate towards rutile is a promising method for the low-temperature synthesis of rutile not only owing to the modest reaction conditions but also the possibility to achieve rutile with a high surface-area. Previous studies have proposed a dissolution-recrystallization growth mechanism to explain such phase transitions, based on indirect evidence.

Nuciferine Restores Autophagy via the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway to Alleviate Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus, which triggers kidney fibrosis and eventually develops into end-stage renal disease. Nuciferine (NF) is one of the most important functional components in lotus leaves (LL), but its role and mechanism for the treatment of DKD are unclear. A high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced DKD model in KK-AY mice was established in this study.

Selective Photocatalytic Oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation on AuPd Nanoparticle-Decorated TiO.

Photocatalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane offers a promising approach for producing ethylene under mild conditions. However, achieving high ethylene yields and selectivity is challenging due to the high C-H bond activation barrier in ethane and the tendency for overoxidation to CO. In this study, we demonstrate that TiO with highly dispersed AuPd nanoparticles serves as an efficient and selective photocatalyst for the dehydrogenation of ethane with O in a flow reactor.

Downregulation of collagen IV deposition and ITGB1-FAK signaling pathway to inhibit adipogenesis: A novel mechanism of swertiamarin in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) and integrins are important biological macromolecules. ECM especially collagen IV (COLIV) deposition modulates the integrin-FAK signaling pathway involved in adipogenesis and is strongly associated with insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice were given swertiamarin (STM) by intragastric administration.

Coordination Equilibrium-Assisted Coprecipitation Synthesis of Atomically Dispersed 3d Metal Catalysts.

As a frontier of heterogeneous catalysis, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been extensively studied fundamentally. One obstacle that limits the industrial application of SACs is the lack of a synthetic method that can prepare the catalysts on a large scale. Wet-chemistry methods that are conventionally used to prepare nanoparticle-based industrial catalysts might be a solution.

Efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan on postoperative atrial fibrillation in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a real-world observational study.

Background: The mechanism underlying new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in adult cardiac surgery is not well understood. However, efficient pharmacological methods to prevent and treat arrhythmic complications are still lacking. In the present study, we explored the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan (sac/val) in the control of POAF in adult cardiac surgery patients.

Swertiamarin ameliorates type 2 diabetes by activating ADRB3/UCP1 thermogenic signals in adipose tissue.

Background And Purpose: Swertiamarin (STM), a secoiridoid glycoside from Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst, has been shown to decrease body weight, blood glucose, and blood lipids by inhibiting adipose tissue hypertrophy.

Phenolic Constituents with Glucose Uptake and GLUT4 Translocation Bioactivities from the Fruits of .

From the fruits of , 11 new phenolic compounds, dichotomins A-K, were isolated, together with 19 known compounds. Through the analysis of detailed NMR data and HRESIMS data, the planar structures of all compounds were confirmed. Using NMR calculations, the absolute configuration of dichotomins A-K was elucidated by comparing their observed and computed electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

Phase transition behaviour and mechanism of 2D TiO(B) nanosheets through water-mediated removal of surface ligands.

Phase engineering is a central subject in materials research. The recent research interest in the phase transition behavior of atomically thin 2D materials reveals the important role of their surface chemistry. In this study, we investigated the phase transformation of ultrathin TiO(B) nanosheets to anatase under different conditions.

Non-heme Iron Single-Atom Nanozymes as Peroxidase Mimics for Tumor Catalytic Therapy.

Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) open new possibilities for the development of artificial enzymes that have catalytic activity comparable to that of natural peroxidase (POD). So far, most efforts have focused on the structural modulation of the Fe-N moiety to mimic the metalloprotein heme center. However, non-heme-iron POD with much higher activity, for example, HppE, has not been mimicked successfully due to its structural complexity.

Ultrathin Single Crystalline MgO(111) Nanosheets*.

Synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional nanomaterials of nonlayered metal oxide is a challenge, especially when long-range single-crystallinity and clean high-energy surfaces are required. Reported here is the synthesis of single-crystalline MgO(111) nanosheets by a two-step process involving the formation of ultrathin Mg(OH) nanosheets as a precursor, and their selective topotactic conversion upon heating under dynamic vacuum. The defect-rich surface displays terminal -OH groups, three-coordinated O sites and low-coordinated Mg sites, as well as single electrons trapped at oxygen vacancies, which render the MgO nanosheets highly reactive, as evidenced by the activation of CO molecules at low temperatures and pressures with formation of strongly adsorbed red-shifted CO and coupling of CO molecules into C species.

Carbon Monoxide Promotes the Catalytic Hydrogenation on Metal Cluster Catalysts.

Size effect plays a crucial role in catalytic hydrogenation. The highly dispersed ultrasmall clusters with a limited number of metal atoms are one candidate of the next generation catalysts that bridge the single-atom metal catalysts and metal nanoparticles. However, for the unfavorable electronic property and their interaction with the substrates, they usually exhibit sluggish activity.

Facet engineering accelerates spillover hydrogenation on highly diluted metal nanocatalysts.

Hydrogen spillover is a well-known phenomenon in heterogeneous catalysis; it involves H cleavage on an active metal followed by the migration of dissociated H species over an 'inert' support. Although catalytic hydrogenation using the spilled H species, namely, spillover hydrogenation, has long been proposed, very limited knowledge has been obtained about what kind of support structure is required to achieve spillover hydrogenation. By dispersing Pd atoms onto Cu nanomaterials with different exposed facets, Cu(111) and Cu(100), we demonstrate in this work that while the hydrogen spillover from Pd to Cu is facet independent, the spillover hydrogenation only occurs on Pd/Cu(100), where the hydrogen atoms spilled from Pd are readily utilized for the semi-hydrogenation of alkynes.

Single-Site Ruthenium Pincer Complex Knitted into Porous Organic Polymers for Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid.

Owing to its capacity for reversible hydrogen storage, formic acid (FA) holds great promise as an alternative energy carrier to conventional fossil fuel systems. Whereas the decomposition of FA to hydrogen (H ) and carbon dioxide (CO ) through homogeneous catalysis is well established, the selective and efficient dehydrogenation of FA by a robust heterogeneous catalyst remains a challenge. A new heterogeneous ruthenium pincer framework with single-atomic sites was prepared in one step by the direct knitting of a phosphorus-nitrogen PN P-pincer ruthenium complex in a porous organic polymer.

Interfacing with silica boosts the catalysis of copper.

Metal-support interaction is one of the most important parameters in controlling the catalysis of supported metal catalysts. Silica, a widely used oxide support, has been rarely reported as an effective support to create active metal-support interfaces for promoting catalysis. In this work, by coating Cu microparticles with mesoporous SiO, we discover that Cu/SiO interface creates an exceptional effect to promote catalytic hydrogenation of esters.

A vicinal effect for promoting catalysis of Pd/TiO: supports of atomically dispersed catalysts play more roles than simply serving as ligands.

Atomically dispersing metal atoms on supports has been emerging as an effective strategy to maximize the atom utilization of metals for catalysis. However, due to the lack of effective tools to characterize the detailed structure of metal-support interface, the chemical functions of supports in atomically dispersed metal catalysts are hardly elucidated at the molecular level. In this work, an atomically dispersed Pd/TiO catalyst with Ti(III) vicinal to Pd is prepared and used to demonstrate the direct involvement of metal atoms on support in the catalysis of dispersed metal atoms.

Ultrastable atomic copper nanosheets for selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide.

The electrochemical conversion of CO and HO into syngas using renewably generated electricity is an attractive approach to simultaneously achieve chemical fixation of CO and storage of renewable energy. Developing cost-effective catalysts for selective electroreduction of CO into CO is essential to the practical applications of the approach. We report a simple synthetic strategy for the preparation of ultrathin Cu/Ni(OH) nanosheets as an excellent cost-effective catalyst for the electrochemical conversion of CO and HO into tunable syngas under low overpotentials.

Insights into Magnetic Interactions in a Monodisperse Gd Fe Metal Cluster.

The largest Ln-Fe metal cluster [Gd Fe (μ -OH) (μ -OH) (μ -O) (TEOA) (CH COO) (H O) ]⋅(CH COO) (CH CN) ⋅(H O) (1) and the core-shell monodisperse metal cluster of 1 a@SiO (1 a=[Gd Fe (μ -OH) (μ -OH) (μ -O) (TEOA) (CH COO) (H O) ] ) were prepared. Experimental and theoretical studies on the magnetic properties of 1 and 1 a@SiO reveal that encapsulation of one cluster into one silica nanosphere not only effectively decreases intermolecular magnetic interactions but also significantly increases the zero-field splitting effect of the outer layer Fe ions.

Surface Coordination Chemistry of Metal Nanomaterials.

Surface coordination chemistry of nanomaterials deals with the chemistry on how ligands are coordinated on their surface metal atoms and influence their properties at the molecular level. This Perspective demonstrates that there is a strong link between surface coordination chemistry and the shape-controlled synthesis, and many intriguing surface properties of metal nanomaterials. While small adsorbates introduced in the synthesis can control the shapes of metal nanocrystals by minimizing their surface energy via preferential coordination on specific facets, surface ligands properly coordinated on metal nanoparticles readily promote their catalysis via steric interactions and electronic modifications.

Photochemical route for synthesizing atomically dispersed palladium catalysts.

Atomically dispersed noble metal catalysts often exhibit high catalytic performances, but the metal loading density must be kept low (usually below 0.5%) to avoid the formation of metal nanoparticles through sintering. We report a photochemical strategy to fabricate a stable atomically dispersed palladium-titanium oxide catalyst (Pd1/TiO2) on ethylene glycolate (EG)-stabilized ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets containing Pd up to 1.