Region-Selective Oxygen Vacancy Engineering for Ferroelectric HfZrO Thin Films Processed at 300 °C.

The discovery of ferroelectricity in hafnium oxide (HfO) thin films has positioned it as a leading material for next-generation nonvolatile memory. However, the integration of HfO-based ferroelectric thin films into back-end-of-line (BEOL) processes remains challenging due to the high thermal budget required to stabilize the ferroelectric orthorhombic (O) phase. In this work, we achieve robust stabilization of the O-phase at a significantly reduced annealing temperature of 300 °C solely through oxygen vacancy engineering.

Impact of probiotics on sleep quality and mood states in patients with insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Probiotics have garnered increasing attention for their potential role in managing insomnia. This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of probiotics on sleep quality and mood in patients with insomnia.

Methods: Eight public databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before December 2024.

KMT2D Induces M1 Macrophage Polarization to Repress Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Progression via Transcription Activation of ITGAL.

Background: Recent evidence has demonstrated the crucial role of macrophage polarization in promoting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression within the tumor microenvironment.

Objectives: This study investigated the possible regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization during NSCLC development.

Methods: The proportion of M1/M2 macrophages was examined by flow cytometry.

[Retracted] Silencing of long non-coding RNA SNHG15 suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the microRNA-345-5p/RAB27B axis.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.

Overexpression of the ABA Synthesis Gene OsABA2 Enhances Seed Storability in Rice.

Seed storability is critical for seed production and germplasm conservation. Numerous studies have linked seed storability to abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism; however, the use of biotechnological approaches to strategically and rapidly enhance seed storability in rice through manipulation of ABA biosynthesis genes remains unexplored. In the current study, we developed overexpression lines (OE) of OsABA2, which encodes a XANTHOXIN DEHYDROGENASE, a key enzyme in the ABA synthesis pathway.

Inhibition of physicochemical and structural alterations of gluten proteins by fructo-oligosaccharides on frozen mixed cereal dough.

Quinoa was increasingly recognized as an exceptional cereal source for its nutritional values. In this study, quinoa-based frozen dough with enhanced stability was fabricated by incorporating different concentrations (0.2 %, 0.

Meta-analysis of acupuncture combined therapies for amblyopia: efficacy and safety insights.

Background: Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, is widely used for the management of amblyopia. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with conventional treatments for amblyopia.

Methods: We searched eight databases for relevant studies published before December 31, 2024.

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Approaches in Semiconductor Research.

To address the persistent challenges of scaling and power consumption in integrated circuits and chips, recent research has focused on exploring novel semiconductor materials beyond silicon and designing new device architectures. The vastness of the material and parameter space poses significant challenges in terms of cost and efficiency for traditional experimental and computational methods. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) offers a highly promising avenue for accelerating semiconductor technology development.

Spatiotemporal regulation of target mRNA cleavage by 21-nt phasiRNAs in maize anthers.

21-nt phasiRNAs are abundantly expressed in anthers and play crucial roles in anther development and male reproduction in grasses. In maize, the target genes that 21-nt phasiRNAs regulate remain largely unknown. Here, we show that 21-nt phasiRNAs direct the cleavage of hundreds of target mRNAs in maize.

Understanding the Photocatalytic Water Reduction Capability of Na(WO) (M = Ga, Sc) by the Electronic Structure and Bond Characteristic Analysis.

-WO has a narrow band gap, making it a promising photocatalyst. However, its antibonding W-O orbitals limit water reduction capability due to insufficient reduction potential. Incorporating a weakly bonded -O in Na(WO) (M = Ga, Sc) enhances W-O covalency compared to that in -WO, resulting in a more negative conduction band minimum (CBM) potential, sufficient for photocatalytic water reduction.

Transcriptomic insights into fate choice of pallial versus subpallial GABAergic neurons.

The activity of the telencephalon is shaped by pallial and subpallial GABAergic neurons, two large populations produced in the embryonic ganglionic eminence. However, knowledge about the fate specification of neuron subtypes is limited, especially whether there is a common mechanism directing the fate choice of pallial versus subpallial populations remains unknown, largely because each population comprises numerous subtypes. Here, using sc-RNA sequencing combined with loss-of-function we profile ganglion eminence lineages and find that Foxg1 deletion causes the pallial population to adopt subpallial fates in mice.

Exploring the Photocatalytic Mechanism of BiTiGaO: Insights from the Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding.

Photocatalytic water splitting and CO reduction offer sustainable solutions to energy and environmental issues, but efficient semiconductor photocatalysts are still limited. Oxide photocatalysts with d and/or d metals often have wide bandgaps, and incorporating dns metals can raise the valence band maximum (VBM) and narrow the bandgap. Here, we synthesized BiTiGaO (BTGO), a new photocatalyst containing d6s, d, and d metals.

Effect of air frying on in vitro digestion and transport properties of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) adductor muscles: Insights from peptidomics analyses.

The fresh and air-fried scallop adductor muscles (SAM) were subjected to simulate gastrointestinal digestion. Peptidomics technology using LC-MS/MS determined 1920, 2288, 1870 peptides (tripeptides and above) in digestive products from fresh, 160 °C-, and 200 °C-heated groups, with the 160 °C-heated group having more tripeptides. By contrast, the main parent proteins such as myosin heavy chain, actin and paramyosin in 160 °C-heated group released more peptides.

A CaMgZnGaO:Bi/Mn phosphor: energy transfer enables tuneable colour emission and high sensitivity in optical thermometry.

Recent advancements in optical thermometry utilizing fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology have attracted tremendous attention in real-time temperature measurements due to its numerous advantages, such as high sensitivity. In this work, we rationally designed an FIR-type thermometer by utilizing the distinctive thermal responses of blue and far-red emission from Bi and Mn activators, respectively. To achieve a broad range of FIR values, we first optimized the blue emission of CaMgZnGaO:0.

Characterization of FosA13, a novel fosfomycin glutathione transferase identified in a isolate from poultry.

Background: is a species of the genus in the family . This species primarily causes infections of postoperative wounds and the urinary tract. Some isolates of exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics due to multidrug resistance traits, complicating clinical treatment; thus, there is a growing need to elucidate the resistance mechanisms of this pathogen.

Characterization of pritumumab in murine models and primate safety study.

Pritumumab is a human IgG1 kappa antibody that targets ecto-domain vimentin (EDV) which is overexpressed in several malignant tumors including glioblastomas. To understand preclinical biological activity and safety of pritumumab derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, we evaluated tumor targeting ability, brain-tumor barrier permeability, growth inhibition, and primate safety studies. In-vivo and ex-vivo imaging studies demonstrate pritumumab to cross the blood brain/blood tumor barrier and an Zr-labeled pritumumab immunoconjugate showed the antibody specifically targeted tumor cells.

Molecular insights into ulcerative colitis and orbital inflammation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an increasingly prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the intestinal mucosa, while nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI) is a common non-neoplastic orbital disorder. Exploring the molecular interplay between UC and NSOI may help physicians make earlier diagnoses and enhance treatment approaches. We analyzed gene expression datasets (GSE58331, GSE105149, GSE206285, and GSE179285) for UC and NSOI from the GEO database.

Days Alive Out of Health Care: A Novel Measure of Health Status After Congenital Heart Surgery.

Background: As pediatric and adult operative mortality improves, longitudinal outcomes beyond survival become increasingly important. "Days alive and out of hospital" is well-studied as a longitudinal, patient-centered outcome in adult populations. However, it has yet to be validated for children, whose health care use and survival differ from that of adults.

Multimodal machine learning enables AI chatbot to diagnose ophthalmic diseases and provide high-quality medical responses.

Chatbot-based multimodal AI holds promise for collecting medical histories and diagnosing ophthalmic diseases using textual and imaging data. This study developed and evaluated the ChatGPT-powered Intelligent Ophthalmic Multimodal Interactive Diagnostic System (IOMIDS) to enable patient self-diagnosis and self-triage. IOMIDS included a text model and three multimodal models (text + slit-lamp, text + smartphone, text + slit-lamp + smartphone).

An animal model recapitulates human hepatic diseases associated with mutations.

Heterozygotic mutations are responsible for various congenital diseases in the heart, pancreas, liver, and other organs in humans. However, there is lack of an animal that can comprehensively model these diseases since GATA6 is essential for early embryogenesis. Here, we report the establishment of a knockout zebrafish which recapitulates most of the symptoms in patients with mutations, including cardiac outflow tract defects, pancreatic hypoplasia/agenesis, gallbladder agenesis, and various liver diseases.

Identification and characterization of a novel chromosome-encoded aminoglycoside -nucleotidyltransferase gene, in sp. TYF-12 isolated from the marine fish intestine.

Background: The mechanisms underlying the resistance of the genus to aminoglycosides are complex, which poses a challenge for the efficient treatment of infectious diseases caused by these pathogens. To help clinicians treat infections more effectively, a more comprehensive understanding of antibiotic resistance mechanisms is urgently needed.

Methods: Plates were streaked to isolate bacteria from the intestinal contents of fish.

Exploring the Impact of Different Processing Techniques on Quality and Flavor Characteristics in Hoki Steak Soups.

This study investigated the effect of different processing methods (boiling, oil boiling, and stir frying) on the flavor of hoki steak soups. The quality of different fillet broths was explored by pH, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and color. E-nose, E-tongue, and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with free amino acids (FAAs) were used to analyze the flavor of hoki steak soups.

Interplay between A-site and oxygen-vacancy ordering, and mixed electron/oxide-ion conductivity in = 1 Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite SrNdZnO.

Oxygen vacancies in Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites (PV) [AO][ABO] play a pivotal role in engineering functional properties and thus understanding the relationship between oxygen-vacancy distribution and physical properties can open up new strategies for fine manipulation of structure-driven functionalities. However, the structural origin of preferential distribution for oxygen vacancies in RP structures is not well understood, notably in the single-layer ( = 1) RP-structure. Herein, the = 1 RP phase SrNdZnO was rationally designed and structurally characterized by combining three-dimensional (3D) electron diffraction and neutron powder diffraction.

Effect of cooking conditions on sea urchin dumplings.

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in flavour and taste of sea urchin dumplings subjected to different cooking methods, utilising gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic tongue (E-tongue) analysis, free amino acid content assessment and sensory evaluation. The GC-IMS technique successfully detected 69 volatile compounds in the skin and 60 volatile compounds in the filling of the boiled dumplings. From the established fingerprints, it was found that there were significant differences in the flavour compounds of dumplings skins among the groups.