Optimizing lithium-ion diffusion pathways in LaCl-based solid electrolytes through cation vacancy modulation.

This study introduces controlled lanthanum-site cation vacancies while maintaining a fixed In : La molar ratio of 1 : 2 and adjusted the LiCl content to increase the Li concentration, successfully constructing a three-dimensional (3D) lithium-ion diffusion network. This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of the original 1D channels. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized LiLaInCl sample exhibits an exceptional lithium-ion conductivity of 0.

Formation process and depositional characteristics of mudballs in the Loess Plateau during extreme rainstorms: Dual-threshold constraints on material sources and dynamic conditions.

As a sedimentary marker of high-energy fluid transport, the mudball formation mechanism is of great significance to the erosion process during extreme climate events. This study uses the extreme rainfall event in Dingbian County of the Loess Plateau in 2022 as a research context. Through integrated approaches including drone imagery and in situ measurements, we systematically investigated the sedimentary characteristics and dynamic processes of mudballs in several small watersheds, focusing on the three-phase mechanism of gravitational erosion, such as mudflow transport and dynamic sorting.

Genotypic and Biochemical Divergence of Isolates in China.

is the causative pathogen of infectious coryza. Isolates of obtained from China between 2008 and 2022 were characterized using 16S rRNA, , multilocus sequence typing, and biochemical tests to assess their genetic and biochemical diversity. All field isolates belonged to the same phylogenetic cluster together based on their 16S rRNA sequences.

Improving the luminescence properties of the near-infrared phosphor CaSrO:Eu energy transfer and its application in the concentration detection of ethanol solutions.

In this work, a near-infrared (NIR) phosphor CaSrO:Eu was prepared a solid-state method, and its luminescence properties were improved by co-doping with Ce ions. The decay curves of CaSrO:Ce, Eu confirmed that there was an obvious energy transfer from Ce to Eu, which enhanced the quantum efficiency of CaSrO:Eu. The thermal stability can also be enhanced by introducing Ce, which reduces the probability of non-radiative transitions at elevated temperatures, thereby minimizing electron loss.

Effect of acupuncture on endometrial receptivity in women with thin endometrium: study protocol for a single-centre, randomised, sham-controlled trial.

Introduction: Thin endometrium poses a major therapeutic challenge in assisted reproductive technologies by compromising pregnancy success and live birth outcomes. A substantial proportion of patients remain refractory to existing therapies. Preliminary evidence suggests acupuncture may improve endometrial thickness (EMT).

Synthesis of Salidroside Derivatives at C4 Position of Benzene Ring and Its Effect on Hep3B Cell Viability.

Salidroside has been reported to have various pharmacological activities, including hypoxia tolerance, anti-radiation, and antitumor. In this study, we studied the antitumor activity of salidroside ether derivatives in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep3B. We created eleven new benzyl halide derivatives called S1-S11 by modifying the phenolic hydroxyl groups at the C4 position of salidroside.

Soft acid Bi doping in LiZrCl to enhance ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability.

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are garnering increasing attention as a state-of-the-art energy storage technology. Halide solid electrolytes have emerged as a focal point of research in recent years, owing to their straightforward preparation methods and high ionic conductivity at room temperature. In this study, Bi-doped LiZrCl was synthesized using a high-energy ball milling method.

Modulating the Electroactivity of CuCoO for Hydrogen Evolution Assisted by Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation via the Morphological Structure.

The catalytic activity and morphological structure are closely related. Herein, the spinel structure CuCoO with different morphologies was constructed as the research model for the electrocatalytic benzyl alcohol (BA) oxidation and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). By modulating the morphological structure, oxygen vacancy, and the high valence active centers, the octahedral CuCoO exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity and stability compared to other CuCoO samples with nanoplate/nanowire morphologies.

Domino Effect of Catalysis: Coherence between Reaction Network and Catalyst Restructuring Accelerating Surface Carburization for CO Hydrogenation.

Dynamic carburization is a common and important phenomenon in many industrial reactions. Finding the critical factor governing this process is significant for catalyst optimization, which is complicated due to the coherence between catalyst dynamics and reaction dynamics. In this work, we manipulate the formation of fast carburization on the Pd-FeO surface by revealing a domino effect between the reaction network and catalyst restructuring during long-term CO hydrogenation reaction.

A High-Throughput Cell-Based Luciferase Reporter Assay for Identifying Inhibitors of ASGR1.

The asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) represents a highly promising target for drug development, with its expression regulation closely linked to various diseases. Consequently, research concentrating on targeted therapies against ASGR1 holds significant importance in devising effective treatment strategies. In this study, we utilized the CRISPR-Knockin technology to insert a firely luciferase reporter gene downstream of exon 9 of the ASGR1 gene in HepG2 cell line.

Interstitial fluid transport in linea alba is involved in acupuncture-induced attenuation of ovarian hypofunction in aged rats.

Background: Age-related ovarian dysfunction, characterized by declining follicular reserve and hormonal imbalance, poses a significant challenge in reproductive endocrinology, severely compromising fertility and quality of life. Although acupuncture at conception vessel acupoints is an effective therapeutic approach for managing ovarian dysfunction, the biological underpinnings bridging peripheral stimulation to systemic endocrine regulation remain elusive. Emerging evidence has highlighted interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics as a potential mediator of mechanotransduction.

A Review on Catalytic Ethanol Synthesis via Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide.

The catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO) is a promising strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions while generating sustainable fuels and valuable chemicals. Among potential products, ethanol stands out as a renewable energy carrier due to its compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure and ability to reduce CO emissions when integrated into energy systems. Despite the success in converting CO into C-Chemicals with high yields, the selective conversion of C products, including ethanol, remains a challenge due to the synthetic complexity.

Assessing the contribution of wind and water erosion in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Northern China with Cs tracer technology.

This study addresses the critical ecological challenges of soil wind and water erosion in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China, both of which significantly contribute to soil degradation. Understanding the relative contributions of these erosion types is essential for developing effective control measures. Using theCs tracer method, we quantified the ratio of soil wind erosion to water erosion under varying topographic and geomorphic conditions.

Dietary fatty acids promote gut health in weaned piglets by regulating gut microbiota and immune function.

Background: Post-weaning diarrhea in piglets is a common challenge that adversely impacts growth performance and increases mortality, leading to severe economic losses. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are frequently used as feed additives due to their bioactive properties. This study evaluated the effects of two different blends of MCFA and SCFA (VSM and VS + VM) as alternatives to zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, oxidative stress, inflammatory, and gut microbiota composition in weaned piglets.

Metal-support frontier orbital interactions in single-atom catalysis.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with maximized metal use and discrete energy levels hold promise for broad applications in heterogeneous catalysis, energy conversion, environmental science and biomedicine. The activity and stability of SACs are governed by the pair of metal-adsorbate and metal-support interactions. However, the understanding of these interactions with their catalytic performance in nature is challenging.

Protective roles of chitin synthase gene 1 in Nilaparvata lugens against Cordyceps javanica and insecticides.

The chitin synthase gene 1 (CHS1) is a key gene in insect chitin synthesis pathway, it plays a critical role in the insect's survival and development. However, the protective functions of CHS1 in response to pathogens and chemical insecticides remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the functional domain and phylogenetic relationship of CHS1 in Nilaparvata lugens and other insects.

Porcine Bile Acids Improve Antioxidant Status and Immune Function by Increasing Abundance with Different Protein Level Diets in Late-Laying Hens.

The modern livestock industry faces significant challenges due to the extension of production cycles and a growing shortage of feed resources. Low-protein (LP) diets offer potential environmental advantages whereas damage intestinal integrity and increase pro-inflammatory cytokines. Bile acids (BAs), metabolic products of cholesterol in the liver, possess strong antioxidative and immune properties.

Identifying insulin-responsive circRNAs in chicken pectoralis.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, covalently closed non-coding RNAs formed by reverse splicing of precursor mRNA. They play critical roles in various biological processes, including insulin secretion and metabolism. However, their function in avian skeletal muscle's response to insulin remains poorly understood.

Enhanced adsorption capacity and specificity for recognition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with resorcinol-formaldehyde nanospheres and aptamer decorated graphene oxide nanocomposites.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major factors in the formation of atherosclerosis, and abnormally elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are an essential indicator of the development of hypercholesterolemia. Selective reduction of LDL levels has attracted widespread attention as an important strategy for treating of hypercholesterolemia in the clinic. Here, based on the advantageous swelling properties of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) nanospheres, nanosorbents (GO/RF/Apt) with high adsorption capacity and high selectivity are prepared by a two-step amidation reaction for LDL adsorption studies.

L-cysteine modulates the Maillard reaction: Impacts on PhIP and pyrazine formation.

L-Cysteine (L-Cys) serves as both an inhibitor of the carcinogen 1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and an enhancer of food flavor, supporting efforts to improve food safety and quality. Using a glucose/phenylalanine/creatinine model system, this study assessed the effects of varying L-Cys concentrations on PhIP inhibition and pyrazine flavor enhancement through UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS analyses. The optimal PhIP reduction (82.

Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of two oral formulations of topiramate tablets in healthy Chinese male volunteers under fasting and fed conditions.

Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug (AED) that is effective in treating various types of epilepsy. This study evaluated the bioequivalence and safety of two topiramate tablets in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions. We designed an open-label, randomized, single-dose, two-period, crossover trial protocol.

Determination of eldecalcitol in human plasma by SIL-IS UPLC-APCI-MS/MS method for pharmacokinetics study.

Eldecalcitol is a novel analog of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)D] for the treatment of patients with osteoporosis. A highly sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-APCI-MS/MS) technique featuring a lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) as low as 5 pg/ml, has been established and validated for the rapid and accurate quantification of eldecalcitol in human plasma samples. Plasma samples were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE).

Zika and Dengue Virus Autoimmunity: An Overview of Related Disorders and Their Potential Mechanisms.

Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are two major mosquito-borne flaviviruses that pose a significant threat to the global public health system, particularly in tropical regions. The clinical outcomes related to these viral pathogens can vary from self-limiting asymptomatic infections to various forms of life-threatening pathological conditions such as haemorrhagic disorders. In addition to the direct effects of the viral pathogens, immune processes play also a significant function in the development of diseases mediated by ZIKV and DENV.

Schistosoma sex-biased microRNAs regulate ovarian development and egg production by targeting Wnt signaling pathway.

Adult Schistosoma produces a large number of eggs that play essential roles in host pathology and disease dissemination. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms of sexual maturation and egg production may open a new avenue for controlling schistosomiasis. Here, we describe that Bantam miRNA and miR-1989 regulate Wnt signaling pathway by targeting Frizzled-5/7/9, which is involved in ovarian development and oviposition.