Endovascular therapy and medical management of large-core infarcts: prognostic determinants in a retrospective cohort.

Introduction: To investigate the independent prognostic risk factors in acute ischemic stroke patients with large-core infarcts, including patients beyond standard eligibility thresholds for core volume or ASPECTS and provide evidence for early clinical intervention.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of 96 consecutive patients with large-core infarcts admitted to a regional stroke center between June 2020 and June 2024. Participants were stratified into poor outcome [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 4-6] and favorable outcome (mRS 0-3) groups based on the 90-day post-intervention assessments.

Study on the correlation between hsCRP/HDL-C ratio and the severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke.

Objective: Inflammatory and lipid biomarkers are increasingly recognized for their role in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study evaluated the predictive value of composite indicators, focusing on the hsCRP/HDL-C ratio.

Methods: A prospective study included 183 AIS patients and 194 controls from Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (July 2023-July 2024).

Identification of functional near-infrared spectroscopy for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.

Objective: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a common state of cognitive impairment without significant impairment in daily functioning among older adults, is mainly identified using various neuropsychological tests, clinical interviews, and collateral history with some subjective interferences. This systematic review aimed to investigate the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) features of older adults with MCI compared with those with normal cognitive function to assist in the diagnosis of MCI.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, up to June 15, 2024.

Identification and validation of mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum membrane-related genes in atherosclerosis.

The mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane is implicated in atherosclerosis (AS). However, its precise molecular mechanisms remain undefined. This study identified KLRC1 and SOCS2 as key protective genes against AS through transcriptomic analysis integrated with Mendelian randomization.

Evolution of high-order laser array locking in high peak power fiber lasers.

Achieving stable output and control of higher-order laser arrays has long been a challenge in the development of a passively Q-switched fiber laser. In this Letter, we reported a notable peak power of 14.9 kW alongside an average output power of 0.

Predicting Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden Based on Thromboelastography in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the coagulation function measured by thromboelastography (TEG) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and total burden of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), to further establish a nomogram tool based on regular clinical risk factors and TEG, to conveniently predict the risk of high-grade white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and CSVD burden in AIS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study included 143 AIS patients who underwent TEG tests and 3.0T head MRI scans after admission.

Peripheral blood diagnostic markers of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1) in diagnosing chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH).

Methods: This retrospective study included 84 patients with suspected chronic cerebral ischemia admitted to Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between February 2021 and April 2022. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging and biological examinations were performed.

Dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic stroke with intracranial arterial stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The safety and efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in ischemic stroke patients with intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) remain contentious.

Aims: This study evaluates DAPT's effectiveness and safety for these patients.

Methods: This review was reported following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Predictors of futile recanalization after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Objective: Endovascular therapy (EVT) is the most successful treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior circulation. However, futile recanalization (FR) seriously affects the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of FR after EVT in patients with AIS.

Deep learning-based magnetic resonance imaging analysis for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion risk.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a frequently encountered clinical condition that poses a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific symptoms.

Purpose: To enhance the diagnosis of CCH and non-CCH through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), offering support in clinical decision-making and recommendations to ultimately elevate diagnostic accuracy and optimize patient treatment outcomes.

Methods: In the retrospective research, we collected 204 routine brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from March 1 to September 10 2022, as training and testing cohorts.

Intensive Ambulance-Delivered Blood-Pressure Reduction in Hyperacute Stroke.

Background: Treatment of acute stroke, before a distinction can be made between ischemic and hemorrhagic types, is challenging. Whether very early blood-pressure control in the ambulance improves outcomes among patients with undifferentiated acute stroke is uncertain.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with suspected acute stroke that caused a motor deficit and with elevated systolic blood pressure (≥150 mm Hg), who were assessed in the ambulance within 2 hours after the onset of symptoms, to receive immediate treatment to lower the systolic blood pressure (target range, 130 to 140 mm Hg) (intervention group) or usual blood-pressure management (usual-care group).

Predictive role of neutrophil-to-platelet ratio in futile recanalization of patients after endovascular therapy.

To explore the association between the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR) and futile recanalization (FR) in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vascular occlusions after endovascular therapy (EVT). FR after EVT was defined as a poor 90-day prognosis (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score ≥3) despite successful reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b-3). Patients were divided into high NPR (>35; n = 115) and low NPR (≤35; n = 81) groups.

Predictive Role of Pre-Thrombolytic Neutrophil-Platelet Ratio on Hemorrhagic Transformation After Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

To investigate the predictive role of the neutrophil-platelet ratio (NPR) before intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) on hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). AIS patients treated with IVT without endovascular therapy between June 2019 and February 2023 were included. Patients were divided into high NPR (>35) and low NPR (≤35) groups according to the optimal threshold NPR value for identifying high-risk patients before IVT.

Traditional Chinese medicine alleviating neuropathic pain targeting purinergic receptor P2 in purinergic signaling: A review.

Past studies have suggested that Chinese herbal may alleviate neuropathic pain, and the mechanism might target the inhibition of purinergic receptor P2. This review discusses whether traditional Chinese medicine target P2 receptors in neuropathic pain and its mechanism in order to provide references for future clinical drug development. The related literatures were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Sinomed, and CNKI databases before June 2023.

Cerebral blood volume index can predict the long-term prognosis after endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Long-term prognosis and factors influencing endovascular therapy (EVT) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters and long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with EVT. Patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion treated with EVT were prospectively included for a 1-year follow-up.

Glucocorticoid-dependent multiple sclerosis overlapping anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review update.

Background: Previous studies suggest a relationship between central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases and anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Also, the overlap between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported. However, the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics are still obscure.

Association of ultra-processed foods consumption with risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Aims: The epidemiological evidence regarding the impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) on the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) is controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the association between UPF consumption and the risk of CCVDs within cohort studies.

Data Synthesis: A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases, covering the inception of these databases up until January 1st, 2023.

Direct Thrombectomy versus Bridging Thrombectomy within 6 Hours of Stroke Onset: A Prospective Cohort Study on Cognitive and Physical Function Outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the physical and cognitive functions of patients with stroke who underwent either direct or bridging thrombectomy within 6 hours of stroke onset.

Materials And Methods: Patients with large vessel occlusion in anterior circulation treated with direct (direct group) or bridging thrombectomy (bridging group) were prospectively analyzed between June 2020 and February 2022. The efficacy outcome was the 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, the safety outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and cognitive function was assessed using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale at 6 months after stroke.

Predictive role of pre-thrombolytic hs-CRP on the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive role of pre-thrombolytic high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) on the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: Patients with AIS who underwent intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant plasminogen activator (rtPA) or urokinase without endovascular therapy from June 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analysed. All patients were grouped into two groups (high or low hs-CRP group) according to the median value of hs-CRP before intravenous thrombolysis.

Ginsenoside compound K reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting PTP1B-mediated IRS1 tyrosine dephosphorylation.

Background: Ginsenoside compound K (CK) stimulated activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling is one of the major mechanisms in promoting cell survival after stroke. However, the underlying mediators remain poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the docking protein of ginsenoside CK mediating the neuroprotective effects.

Stigmasterol protects human brain microvessel endothelial cells against ischemia-reperfusion injury through suppressing EPHA2 phosphorylation.

Stigmasterol is a plant sterol with anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect through multiple mechanisms. In this study, we further assessed whether it exerts protective effect on human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMECs) against ischemia-reperfusion injury and explored the underlying mechanisms. HBMECs were used to establish an in vitro oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model, while a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of rats were constructed.

Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have identified a possible link between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and dementia. However, the association of H.

Anti-CASPR2 encephalitis in a liver posttransplant patient receiving immune-suppression and lenvatinib: a case report and literature review.

It has been assumed that patients with strict immunosuppressive treatment after solid organ transplantation have only marginal risk in developing autoimmune encephalitis. We reported a woman in her late 40 s who presented with generalized convulsions and loss of consciousness. After detailed history review, neuropsychological tests, metagenomic next-generation sequencing of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain, and electroencephalogram, she was diagnosed as anti-CASPR2 encephalitis based on the positive anti-CASPR2 auto-antibody in serum and CSF.

The pathogenesis and treatment of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a case report and literature review.

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare disease characterized by reversible subcortical vasogenic brain edema. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a frequent neurological autoimmune disease that is rarely reported to complicate PRES.

Case Presentation: Here, we report a case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) concurrent with PRES.