Five new clerodane diterpenoids from Callicarpa integerrima and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Five previously undescribed clerodane diterpenoids named calintegerinoids A-E (1-5), featuring 5/6 and 6/6 fused ring systems, were isolated from Callicarpa integerrima. Their structures were determined using modern spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR, UV, specific rotations, and ECD, supplemented by quantum chemical calculations and DP4+ analysis. Compared with the standard drug Andrographolide (IC 8.

Eight previously undescribed flavonoids and four previously undescribed bibenzyls from Macaranga kurzii and their potential antiviral activities.

Eight previously undescribed flavonoids, named makurziis A-H (1-8), four previously undescribed bibenzyls, named mayankurziis A-D (9-12), as well as nine known compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of dried stems and leaves of Macaranga kurzii. Their structures were thoroughly elucidated through detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with existing literature data. Additionally, the structures of compounds 3 and 7 were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Bioactive Rosane and Podocarpane Diterpenoids From the Whole Plant of Jatropha curcas L.

One previously undescribed rosane diterpenoid (1) and 13 known ones (2-14) were isolated from the whole plant of Jatropha curcas L. The relative configuration 1 was determined by NMR calculation combined with DP4+ probability analysis, and its absolute configuration (AC) was further determined by ECD calculation. The final structure was further confirmed by single crystal x-ray diffraction.

Development of RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Triclabendazole and Ivermectin in Pharmaceutical Suspension Dosage Form.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous determination of triclabendazole (TCB) and ivermectin (IVM) in pharmaceutical dosage form. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (50:50 v/v) with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min was used for chromatographic separation of the mixture of TCB and IVM.

Understanding Perceptions, Knowledge and Implementation Barriers of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Among Surgeons and Anesthesiologists.

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and barriers associated with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) implementation among perioperative clinicians. Methods This cross-sectional study included responses from 214 perioperative clinicians, comprising surgeons and anesthesiologists involved in abdominal surgeries, from tertiary care hospitals in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A structured questionnaire collected data on participants' knowledge of ERAS protocols, perceived barriers to implementation, and learning preferences.

3,4-seco-Prenyllabdane sesterterpenoids and 3,4-seco-labdane diterpenoids with Zika virus inhibitory potential from Callicarpa nudiflora.

Two rearranged prenyllabdane sesterterpenoids nudiflorawus A-B (1-2) with a previously unreported carbon skeleton, and five undescribed 3,4-seco-labdane diterpenoids, nudiflorawus C-G (3-7), along with two known diterpenoids (8-9), were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora. Compounds 1-2 exhibited the first example of 3,4-seco-prenyllabdane sesterterpenoids with a unique six-membered ring in the side chain. Their structures were established via various spectroscopic methods.

Nudifloids W-Y, Three New 3,4-Seco-Labdane Diterpenoids With Anti-Inflammatory Activity From Callicarpa nudiflora.

Three new seco-labdane diterpenoids, named nudifloids W-Y (1-3), along with twelve known diterpenoids (4-15) and one sesquiterpenoid (16) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora. The chemical structures of compounds 1-3 were determined by one-dimensional (1D) and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and electronic circular dichroism. The chemical structures of the remaining 13 known compounds were determined by comparing their spectral data with those reported in the literature.

Comparison of Complications and Outcomes Following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Patients Presenting With and Without Acute Urinary Retention.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcomes and complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with and without acute urinary retention (AUR).

Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in the Urology Department of the Institute of Kidney Diseases (IKD), Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC), Peshawar, from 11th August 2023 to 11th February 2024. A total of 127 male patients aged over 40 years with prostate sizes between 40 and 80 grams on ultrasonography were included.

Enhanced brain tumor detection and segmentation using densely connected convolutional networks with stacking ensemble learning.

- Brain tumors (BT), both benign and malignant, pose a substantial impact on human health and need precise and early detection for successful treatment. Analysing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image is a common method for BT diagnosis and segmentation, yet misdiagnoses yield effective medical responses, impacting patient survival rates. Recent technological advancements have popularized deep learning-based medical image analysis, leveraging transfer learning to reuse pre-trained models for various applications.

Frequency and Predictors of Conversion From Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the rate of conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open cholecystectomy (OC) in our population and determine the potential risk factors associated with it. Understanding these factors helps surgeons predict complex cases and plan surgeries, reducing patient risks and improving outcomes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from June 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, on 349 patients undergoing elective LC.

Podocarpane and cleistanthane diterpenoids from Strophioblachia glandulosa: structural elucidation, anti-hypertrophy activity and network pharmacology.

In the present investigation, fourteen unprecedented podocarpane diterpenoids strophiolosas A-J, L-N and P (1-10, 12-14, 16), two new cleistanthane derivatives strophiolosas Q-R (17-18), two new dibenzopyroan-ones and one new tetralone strophiolosas S-U (19-21), were isolated from the whole plant of Strophioblachia glandulosa. The structures were elucidated via various spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemistry calculations, and X-ray diffraction. Bioactivity test indicated that compounds 5 and 17 possessed promising anti-cardiac hypertrophy effect in vitro (IC values of 16.

Multi-Epitopic Peptide Vaccine Against Newcastle Disease Virus: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Validation.

Background: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a highly contagious and economically devastating pathogen affecting poultry worldwide, leading to significant losses in the poultry industry. Despite existing vaccines, outbreaks continue to occur, highlighting the need for more effective vaccination strategies. Developing a multi-epitopic peptide vaccine offers a promising approach to enhance protection against NDV.

Challenges in the Concurrent Management of Severe Mitral Stenosis With LAA Thrombus and Symptomatic Adenomyosis.

A 49-year-old woman with untreated severe mitral stenosis faced complex management challenges in a resource-limited setting. Initially presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding, her cardiac condition was discovered during a preoperative work-up for a planned hysterectomy. This case emphasizes the necessity for tailored and transdisciplinary management approaches.

New nor-ent-halimane and nor-clerodane diterpenes from Callicarpa integerrima with anti-MRSA activity.

Two new nor-ent-halimane diterpenes and three previously unreported nor-clerodane diterpenes, designated callicaintides A-E (1-5), were isolated from Callicarpa integerrima. Compounds 1 and 2 feature a distinctive 5/6-membered ring system, while compounds 3-5 are characterized by progressively truncated carbon skeletons, containing 18, 17, and 16 carbons, respectively. In addition, four known compounds 6-9 were also identified.

Six new prenylated flavonoids from Dodonaea viscosa with anti-Zika virus activity.

Six new prenylated flavonoids, named visconaeas A-F (1-6), and eleven known isopentenyl flavonoids (7-17) were isolated from Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. The structures of the separated compounds were determined through comprehensive spectral analysis and quantum chemical calculations.

Molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of Shiga toxin- producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from raw milk of dairy bovines in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

This study investigated the virulence potential and antibiotic susceptibility analysis of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups, which are significant cause of food borne diseases. A study collected 800 samples of dairy bovine raw milk through various sources, 500 from milk shops, 200 from dairy farms, 26 from milk collection centers, and 74 from street vendors. Using a standard method, E.

Six new quassinoids from Picrasma chinese P·Y. Chen and their cytotoxicity activity.

In the present study, six new compounds namely, picralactones CH (1-6) along with nine known compounds (7-15) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Picrasma chinese P.Y. Chen.

Non-Obstructive Coronaries In Patients Presenting With The Non St-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality and morbidity with acute coronary syndrome as the most common clinical manifestation. In a typical clinical setup, around 30% of the patients presented with "ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)" caused by the complete occlusion of the coronary artery and the remaining 70% with intermittent or partial occlusion of the coronary termed as non-ST elevation The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of non-obstructive coronary arteries among patients presenting with non ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) at a tertiary care cardiac center of Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Enhancing Breast Cancer Detection and Classification Using Advanced Multi-Model Features and Ensemble Machine Learning Techniques.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women, making it essential to have an accurate and dependable system for diagnosing benign or malignant tumors. It is essential to detect this cancer early in order to inform subsequent treatments. Currently, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and machine learning (ML) models can be used to detect and diagnose this cancer more accurately.