Harnessing Streptomyces-plant interactions for agricultural natural product discovery.

Agricultural natural products (agri-NPs) from Streptomyces are a reservoir for green pesticide development, which is critical for global crop protection and food security. However, the discovery of novel agri-NPs with tailored bioactivity is challenging. In this forum article, we focus on specialized agri-NP discovery by harnessing interactions between Streptomyces and plants.

Production of avermectins by Streptomyces avermitilis through solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial waste.

The natural products (NPs) avermectins from Streptomyces show exceptional insecticidal activity and become the most widely produced and used biopesticides in the world. Avermectins are produced by submerged fermentation (SmF), generating significant amount of effluent, exhaust gas and solid waste. We therefore endeavored to establish a green and sustainable alternative through solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agro-industrial waste.

Uncovering the Molecular Landscape of Tetracycline Family Natural Products through Bacterial Genome Mining.

Tetracycline (TC) family natural products have attracted significant attention due to their diverse chemical structures and important role in drug development. As one of the most successful classes of drugs, TC antibiotics have been used clinically for over 70 years and remain crucial in treating infections. Despite their importance, systematic exploration of novel TC natural products has been limited, leaving the molecular landscape of the TC family poorly understood and hindering further development of these compounds for therapeutic applications.

The microRNA-29ab1/Zfp36/AR Axis in the Hypothalamus Regulates Male-Typical Behaviors in Mice.

Male-typical behaviors such as aggression and mating, which reflect sexual libido in male mice, are regulated by the hypothalamus, a crucial part of the nervous system. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs), especially , play a vital role in reproduction and the neural control of behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether affects reproduction through the hypothalamus-mediated regulation of male-typical behaviors.

Functional biochar accelerates peroxymonosulfate activation for organic contaminant degradation via the specific B-C-N configuration.

Functional biochar designed with heteroatom doping facilitates the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), triggering both radical and non-radical systems and thus augmenting pollutant degradation efficiency. A sequence of functional biochar, derived from hyperaccumulator (Sedum alfredii) residues, was synthesized via sequential doping with boron and nitrogen. The SABC-B@N-2 exhibited outstanding catalytic effectiveness in activating PMS to degrade the model pollutant, acid orange 7 (K = 0.

Influence of Cluster-Situated Regulator PteF in Filipin Biosynthetic Cluster on Avermectin Biosynthesis in .

Crosstalk regulation is widespread in species. Elucidating the influence of a specific regulator on target biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and cell metabolism is crucial for strain improvement through regulatory protein engineering. PteF and PteR are two regulators that control the biosynthesis of filipin, which competes for building blocks with avermectins in .

Unraveling volatilomics profiles of milk products from diverse regions in China.

To distinguish Chinese milks from different regions, 13 milk samples were gathered from 13 regions of China in this study: Inner Mongolia (IM), Xinjiang (XJ), Hebei (HB), Shanghai (SH), Beijing (BJ), Sichuan (SC), Ningxia (NX), Henan (HN), Tianjin (TJ), Qinghai (QH), Yunnan (YN), Guangxi (GX), and Tibet (XZ). Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) combined with the electronic nose (E-nose) technology, was used to detect and analyze the volatile compounds in these milk samples. The qualitative and quantitative results identified 29 volatile chemicals, and we established a database of flavor profiles for the main milk-producing regions in China.

Tensile Behaviors and Mechanical Property Analyses of T-Welded Joint for Thin-Walled Parts in Consideration of Different TIG Welding Currents Using Multiple Damage Models and Fracture Criterions: Numerical Simulation and Experiment Validation.

In order to deeply investigate the tensile properties and fracture behaviors that are obtained by tensile tests of welded joints, constitutive and damage models are imperative for analyzing the tensile behaviors. In this work, the tensile tests are conducted on the T-welded joint specimens of aluminum alloy 6061-T6, which were cut from the T-welded joints of thin-walled parts under different welding currents of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIGW). A modified Johnson-Cook (J-C) model based on the original J-C equation, Swift model, Voce model, and Hockett-Sherby (H-S) model, their linear combination model, and fracture failure model are constructed and applied to simulate tensile behaviors, combined with tensile test data.

Trade-offs between fertilizer-N availability and Cd pollution potential under crop straw incorporation by N stable isotopes in rice.

Application of crop residues and chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a conventional practice for achieving high yield in a rice system. However, the fallacious combination of N fertilizers with crop straw not only significantly reduces the N use efficiencies (NUEs) but also leads to serious environmental problems. The present study employed five treatments including no N fertilization and no straw incorporation (ck), N fertilization incorporation only (S0), N fertilization with 40% straw (S), N fertilization with 60% straw (S), and N fertilization with 100% straw (S) to improve N use efficiency as well as reduced Cd distribution in rice.

Integrated glycolysis and pyrolysis process for multiple utilization and cadmium collection of hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly method to treat cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils, however, there is still a lack of safe disposal methods of harvested hyperaccumulators. In this study, by integrating glycolysis and pyrolysis, we investigated the possibility of bioproduct production and Cd collection from the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. By means of acid-alkali pretreatment, the degree of cellulose polymerization was reduced by 36.

Cadmium accumulation in rice straws and derived biochars as affected by metal exposure, soil types and rice genotypes.

Straw residues, as one of the conservation farming practices, are being strongly encouraged in China, including some cadmium-polluted areas. Nowadays, a portion of this plant residue is promoted to be removed for reducing excess metal(loid) in the soil and to be used for bioenergy production. Nevertheless, the possible influences of contaminated straw or the burial of its derived biochars on Cd accumulation in soil and data based on health risk assessment associated with different status and extent of soil contamination were relatively unknown.

Effects of straw return with N fertilizer reduction on crop yield, plant diseases and pests and potential heavy metal risk in a Chinese rice paddy: A field study of 2 consecutive wheat-rice cycles.

Understanding the comprehensive effect on crop production and quality, soil acidification, and Cd accumulation and distribution for wheat-rice rotation under N fertilization and continuous straw return is important for proper contaminated agricultural soil management. A 2-year paddy field experiment was conducted to study the effects of above factors change in the Zhejiang province, China. Fertilization treatments included: conventional N fertilizer application (N3), 20% reduction of N application (N2), 40% reduction of N application (N1), combined with three portions of straw incorporation: all straws retention (N3), half of the straws into the fields (S2), 20% straws retention(S1).

Double-edged effects of polyvinyl chloride addition on heavy metal separation and biochar production during pyrolysis of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator.

Pyrolysis is a promising technique to achieve the sustainable utilization of heavy metal hyperaccumulator derived from phytoremediation of contaminated soils. To investigate the feasibility of synergistic treatment of hyperaccumulator and plastic waste (i.e.

A review on the thermal treatment of heavy metal hyperaccumulator: Fates of heavy metals and generation of products.

Phytoremediation is perceived as a promising technique for remediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soils, while the harvested HM-enriched hyperaccumulator biomass should be appropriately disposed. Recently, various thermal treatments of hyperaccumulator have drawn increasing attention. After thermal treatment, the hyperaccumulator was converted to bio-oil, bio-gas, biochar, or ash in accordance with the corresponding conditions, and the HMs were separated, immobilized, or trapped.

Nobiletin selectively inhibits oral cancer cell growth by promoting apoptosis and DNA damage in vitro.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether nobiletin (NOB) can inhibit the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells by promoting apoptosis, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species [ROS]), and DNA damage.

Study Design: OSCCs were treated with different concentrations of NOB (25, 50, and 100 µM) for different amounts of time (0, 24, 48, and 72 hours). The viability of NOB was assessed by using MTT-based cell viability assays.

Effect of Preheating Treatment before Defatting on the Flavor Quality of Skim Milk.

Skim milk has a poor flavor due to the lack of fat. Finding ways to improve the flavor quality of skim milk has attracted the attention of more and more researchers. The purpose of this study was to create a skim milk product with good flavor by processing.

Circulating miR-338 Cluster activities on osteoblast differentiation: Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the most abundant RNA species found in serum, and recently, several miRNAs have been found to be associated with osteoporosis. However, the development of such associated miRNAs into diagnostic and therapeutic targets remains unaddressed, mostly because of a lack of functional validation. Here, we identified circulating miR-338 associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis, and performed functional validation and .

Comparison of Sensory and Electronic Tongue Analysis Combined with HS-SPME-GC-MS in the Evaluation of Skim Milk Processed with Different Preheating Treatments.

It is well known that the flavor of skim milk is inferior to whole milk due to the lack of fat. With the popularity of low-fat dairy products, improving the flavor of skim milk is a main focus for food scientists. During the production of skim milk, preheating treatments have a significant effect for the flavor of skim milk.

Influence of Processing Conditions on the Physicochemical Properties of a New-Type of Nutritional Drink-Millet Skim Milk Beverage.

In this experiment, a new type of nutritional drink-millet skim milk beverage-was developed based on combining skim milk with millet and nutritional resource utilization. The effects of NaHCO₃ concentrations in soaking water (0, 0.5 g/100 mL, and 1.

[Discrimination of Lettuce Storage Time Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy Based on Generalized Fuzzy K-Harmonic Means Clustering].

Lettuce storage time is an important factor affecting the lettuce freshness. To realize the non-destructive, rapid and effective discrimination of lettuce storage time, generalized fuzzy K-harmonic means (GFKHM) clustering was proposed by introducing the pth power of Euclidean distance into fuzzy K-harmonic means (FKHM) clustering to replace the square of Euclidean distance in FKHM, and furthermore GFKHM was applied in the discrimination of lettuce storage time. Sixty fresh lettuce samples were prepared as the research object, and the near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra of lettuces were collected by Antaris Ⅱ near infrared spectrometer with a spectral range of 10 000～4 000 cm-1 for three 12-hour detections.