Bone marrow immune remodeling in depression: TNF/NF-κB mediated leukocyte redistribution and construction of an interpretable predictive model.

Environmental stress contributes to the development of depression through neuro-immune interactions, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms and associated clinical diagnostic biomarkers remain unclear. We established a psychosocial stress mouse model and systematically investigated the immune dysregulation induced by stress through integrated analysis of blood cell profiles, leukocyte transcriptomics, protein-protein interaction networks, single-cell RNA sequencing, and targeted pharmacological intervention. Additionally, we constructed and validated a depression predictive model using multiparametric peripheral blood data and machine learning, and assessed feature importance using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis.

Lifetime-based ODMR in fluorescent nanodiamonds enables robust quantum sensing in biological medium solution.

Understanding nanoscale heat dissipation during cellular thermogenesis is critical for elucidating the interplay between the thermal dynamics and biological functions. Quantum sensing with nitrogen-vacancy centers in fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) is a powerful tool to probe these processes; however, conventional optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) based on fluorescence intensity suffers from environmental noise in biological systems. Here, we demonstrate that lifetime-based ODMR overcomes these limitations and delivers robust nanoscale measurements in both aqueous and physiological environments.

Exercise improves hypobaric hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction via Sirt1-Mediated myotube and mitochondrial remodeling.

Introduction: Skeletal muscle function is profoundly challenged under high-altitude environments, where hypobaric hypoxia disrupts structural integrity and impairs physiological function. However, few animal studies have examined the impact of hypobaric hypoxia on skeletal muscle and molecular basis. While exercise training holds promise for alleviating hypoxia-induced muscle dysfunction, the understanding of its protective mechanisms remains limited.

Effects of a Theory- and Evidence-Based, Motivational Interviewing-Oriented Artificial Intelligence Digital Assistant on Vaccine Attitudes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Attitude-targeted interventions are important approaches for promoting vaccination. Educational approaches alone cannot effectively cultivate positive vaccine attitudes. Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots and motivational interviewing (MI) techniques show high promise in improving vaccine attitudes and facilitating readiness for vaccination.

Can an AI Chatbot Employ Psychological Counseling Techniques to Motivate Individuals to Receive Vaccinations?

This study evaluated the effectiveness of an AI-driven digital assistant in reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and enhancing vaccine confidence among vaccine-hesitant adults in Hong Kong through a randomized controlled trial (N = 177). Participants in the intervention group (n = 91) received a web-based psychoeducation program with an AI chatbot utilizing motivational interviewing techniques, while the control group (n = 86) received standard learning materials. Results showed significant improvements in vaccine readiness (p = 0.

Hypoxia Exposure Promotes Th17 Cell Differentiation Through Activin A-PKM2 Axis to Exacerbate Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases.

Hypobaric hypoxia, a defining feature of high-altitude environments, induces significant physiological and pathological changes in the human body. Under the disrupted homeostasis and altered disease microenvironment caused by high-altitude conditions, the immune system exhibits distinct responses compared to those observed in low-altitude settings. Our study investigates the impact of hypobaric hypoxia on autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Examining the associations of mental health policies, resources, and services with the burden of mental disorders through a global lens.

Aims: Mental disorders represent a major public health challenge worldwide. While research has identified diverse individual-level, interpersonal-level, and community-level determinants of mental disorders, there remains a significant gap in understanding how country-level determinants, such as mental health policies, resources, and services, impact the global burden of mental disorders. This study examines global and regional mental health policies, resources, services, and their associations with Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Years Lived with Disability, and Years of Life Lost due to mental disorders.

Hypobaric hypoxia-driven energy metabolism disturbance facilitates vascular endothelial dysfunction.

Hypobaric hypoxia in plateau environments inevitably disrupts metabolic homeostasis and contributes to high-altitude diseases. Vascular endothelial cells play a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. However, it remains unclear whether hypoxia-mediated changes in energy metabolism compromise vascular system stability and function.

High-Sensitivity All-Fiber Sensor Smart Gloves for Hand Perception.

Flexible piezoresistive sensors (FPSs) with high sensitivity and conformability are crucial for achieving fine operations in electronic gloves. In this work, a chemical grafting method is used to ensure strong interfacial bonding between the conductive phase and the flexible polyimide (PI) matrix with a high glass transition temperature (). This design helps to tackle the stress relaxation and interfacial debonding problems commonly faced by FPSs.

Stress-Induced Cholesterol Metabolic Dysregulation and Differentiation Trajectory Shift in Oligodendrocytes Synergistically Drive Demyelination.

Stress-induced demyelination resulting from oligodendrocyte (OLG) dysfunction is one of the key pathological mechanisms of depression, yet its dynamic regulatory network remains unclear. This study integrates single-cell transcriptomics, lineage tracing, and functional interventions to uncover a temporally disordered OLG cholesterol metabolism in a restraint stress mouse model: After 3 days of stress, upregulation of efflux genes Abca1/Abcg1 triggers a compensatory response; however, by day 14, persistent suppression of transport genes (, ) and homeostatic regulatory genes (, , etc.) leads to intracellular accumulation of "ineffective cholesterol", with compensatory activation of the AMPK pathway unable to restore cholesterol conversion into myelin.

Do-It-Yourself De Novo Antibody Sequencing Workflow that Achieves Complete Accuracy of the Variable Regions.

Antibodies are widely used as research tools or therapeutic agents. Knowing the sequences of the variable regions of an antibody─both the heavy chain and the light chain─is a prerequisite for the production of recombinant antibodies. Mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing is a frequently used, and sometimes the only approach to gaining this information.

RE-YOLOv5: Enhancing Occluded Road Object Detection via Visual Receptive Field Improvements.

Road object detection technology is a key technology to achieve intelligent assisted driving. The complexity and variability of real-world road environments make the detection of densely occluded objects more challenging in autonomous driving scenarios. This study proposes an occluded object detection algorithm, RE-YOLOv5, based on receptive field enhancement to assist with the difficult identification of occluded objects in complex road environments.

A scoping review of literature: What has been studied about mental health problems among individuals with ankylosing spondylitis?

Background: Research on mental health problems in individuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has rapidly expanded since 2013. However, the evidence in this field can appear fragmented due to the limited number of existing reviews that synthesize research findings.

Aim: To map the evidence regarding the prevalence, correlated factors, and interventions for mental health problems in the AS population.

Novel regulation mechanism of histone methyltransferase SMYD5 in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are crucial for maintaining synovial homeostasis. SMYD5, a member of the histone lysine methyltransferase subfamily SMYDs, is involved in many pathological processes. This study aimed to investigate the role of SMYD5 in regulating synovial fibroblast homeostasis and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Trends in Surgical Axillary Staging and Clinical Outcomes Among Breast Cancer Patients With Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objectives: Surgical management of the axilla with neoadjuvant treatment has been a significant research focus over the past decade, resulting in numerous publications. The trends in surgical choices based on lymph node status and survival outcomes in large populations were previously unclear.

Methods: Breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2021 and categorized into 2 cohorts: LN- (no lymph node metastasis) and LNm (1-2 sentinel node metastases).

Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for people with spinal cord injury: a scoping review.

Study Design: Scoping review.

Objective: To synthesize the effects of mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) on health-related outcomes of individuals with spinal cord injury.

Setting: The included studies were conducted across four countries: The United States, Iran, China, and The United Kingdom.

Chatbot-Based Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for University Students With Depressive Symptoms: Intervention Development and Pilot Evaluation.

Background: Depression is a growing concern among university students. Chatbots provide flexible, accessible, personalized psychosocial support. Delivering Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) sessions via chatbots may reduce depressive symptoms in university students.

Assessing the diagnostic utility of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio as a potential biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background And Aims: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) both have microcirculation dysfunction. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) is a biomarker for DN. We aimed to explore the links between DPN and UACR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Porous boron-doped graphitic carbon nitride-based label-free electrochemical immunoassay of vascular endothelial cadherin.

As a main connecting protein between endothelial cells, vascular endothelial cadherin (CD144) is involved in regulating vascular remodeling and maintaining vascular integrity. It is regarded as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and injury. Quantitative determination of CD144 is of importance in pathology research, diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.

FPS-ZM1 attenuates the deposition of lipid in the liver of diabetic mice by sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shares common pathogenic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with upregulated advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Here, we aim to investigate the effect of FPS-ZM1, an inhibitor for receptor for AGEs (RAGE), on lipid deposition in the liver of mice.

Methods: KK-Ay mice were used as models of T2DM with NAFLD, while C57BL/6j mice were controls.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, lenvatinib plus programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors: A promising treatment approach for high-burden hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has demonstrated remarkable local therapeutic efficacy in treating patients with large unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Additionally, the combination of lenvatinib and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors has demonstrated promising antitumor effects in unresectable HCC. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining HAIC with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors as a first-line therapeutic approach in high-burden HCC patients.

25-hydroxycholesterol promotes proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating ERβ/TNFRSF17 axis.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the main type of lung cancer in women. Our previous findings have evidenced that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) promotes migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells (LAC), during which LXR as a 25-HC receptor plays an important role. Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is a receptor of 27-hydroxycholesterol that is structurally analogous to 25-HC, but its role in the functional actions of 25-HC remained largely unknown.

Hsa_circ_0006260 Mediates Trophoblast Function by Fibronectin Type III Domains Containing Protein 5 via Interacting with miR-770-5p.

A series of studies have confirmed the relationship between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and metabolic diseases. Hsa_circ_0006260 has been reported to be lowly expressed in the placenta of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients, but the underlying mechanism and its biological functions remain obscure. Placental tissues were collected from 37 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 37 pregnant women with GDM.

Bimetallic PtPd Atomic Clusters as Apoptosis/Ferroptosis Inducers for Antineoplastic Therapy through Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes.

Active polymetallic atomic clusters can initiate heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the tumor microenvironment, and the products tend to cause manifold damage to cell metabolic functions. Herein, bimetallic PtPd atomic clusters (BAC) are constructed by the stripping of Pt and Pd nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped carbon and follow-up surface PEGylation, aiming at efficacious antineoplastic therapy through heterogeneous catalytic processes. After endocytosed by tumor cells, BAC with catalase-mimic activity can facilitate the decomposition of endogenous HO into O.