Sprayable ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan nanospheres-based topical formulation for eliminating multidrug-resistant bacteria and accelerating infected wound healing.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria represent a formidable global health crisis with a substantial risk of prolonged infections due to the diminishing efficacy of traditional antibiotic therapies against these resilient pathogens. A dual strategy offering rapid inactivation of MDR bacteria and reduction in wound area could effectively promote wound healing. In this work, we developed a sprayable topical formulation by integrating a biocompatible biopolymer chitosan with a chemotherapeutic drug ciprofloxacin.

Targeting immunogenic proteins of Zika virus for the prediction of immunoinformatics-driven circular mRNA vaccine model.

Unlabelled: Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus with single-stranded RNA that has become a major health concern worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas where it is transmitted by mosquitoes. Infection can leads to severe neurological complications, including microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Due to the absence of a licensed vaccine, the current study was conceived to design a novel circular mRNA vaccine, capable of inducing an effective immune response by targeting the ZIKV proteins.

Improves Glycometabolic Control in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Up-Regulating the Expression of Insulin Signaling Proteins and Down-Regulating the MAPK/JNK Pathway.

is a bioactive flavonoid that possesses strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current investigation aimed to examine the anti-diabetic potential of in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Dose-dependent (10 and 20 mg/kg) anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of were evaluated by measuring fasting blood glucose, serum glucose, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, lipidemic status, inflammatory cytokines, and hepatic antioxidant markers.

Management of Forehead Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans With Wide Local Excision and Paramedian Forehead Flap Reconstruction: A Case Report.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, low to intermediate-grade soft tissue sarcoma that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We report the case of a 40-year-old male patient who presented with a slow-growing, asymptomatic lesion on his forehead that had developed over two years. Clinical examination revealed a firm, non-tender multinodular mass measuring 5 x 3 cm in the supraorbital region.

Morphological Features Influence the Drug Loading and Delivery Efficacy of Photoactivatable Gold Nanocarriers for Antitumor Photo/Chemotherapy.

Photoactivatable gold nanocarriers are transforming antitumor therapies by leveraging their distinctive physicochemical properties, enabling targeted drug delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. This study systematically investigates how surface topography and morphology of gold nanocarriers influence drug loading capacity, light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and overall therapeutic performance in photo/chemotherapy. We synthesized four distinct morphologies of gold nanoparticles: porous gold nanocups (PAuNCs), porous gold nanospheres (PAuNSs), solid gold nanocups (SAuNCs), and solid gold nanospheres (SAuNSs).

Naringenin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress and enhance oral bioavailability of naringenin.

Naringenin (Nrg) is the most abundant natural dietary flavonoid with promising anti-inflammatory potential. However, its therapeutic application is limited due to poor absorption, low bioavailability, and inability to cross physiological barriers. Herein, we designed biocompatible solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to overcome these challenges and to enhance the oral bioavailability and therapeutic potential of Nrg.

Phenolics Extracted from Mitigates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Apoptotic Mediators and the Nfr-2/HO-1 Pathway in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder defined as hyperglycemia and pancreatic β-cell deterioration, leading to other complications such as cardiomyopathy. The current study assessed the therapeutic effects of phenolic acids extracted from phenols of leaves (JSP) against diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. The rats were divided into four groups, with each group consisting of 20 rats.

Lysozyme and Its Application as Antibacterial Agent in Food Industry.

Lysozymes are hydrolytic enzymes characterized by their ability to cleave the β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds in peptidoglycan, a major structural component of the bacterial cell wall. This hydrolysis action compromises the integrity of the cell wall, causing the lysis of bacteria. For more than 80 years, its role of antibacterial defense in animals has been renowned, and it is also used as a preservative in foods and pharmaceuticals.

Nanogold morphologies with the same surface chemistry provoke a different innate immune response: An in-vitro and in-vivo study.

Gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have unique optical properties with less antigenicity, and their physicochemical properties have strong relation with an immunological response at bio-interface including antigenicity. An interpretation of this correlation would significantly impact on the clinical and theranostic applications of GNMs. Herein, we studied the effect of GNMs morphology on the cytotoxicity (in-vitro), innate immune responses, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity (in-vivo studies) using gold nano-cups (GNCs), porous gold nanospheres (PGNSs) and solid gold nano particles (SGNPs) coated with the same ligand to ensure similar surface chemistry.

Assessment of wheat productivity responses and soil health dynamics under brackish ground water.

The continuous use of brackish groundwater for irrigation is detrimental for soil and crop attributes. A three-year research study was designed for the wheat crop to assess the effects of brackish groundwater on crop yield and soil health under a surface irrigation system. Three sites were selected in different cropping zones of Pakistan.

Supramolecular lipid nanoparticles as delivery carriers for non-invasive cancer theranostics.

Nanotheranostics is an emerging frontier of personalized medicine research particularly for cancer, which is the second leading cause of death. Supramolecular aspects in theranostics are quite allured to achieve more regulation and controlled features. Supramolecular nanotheranostics architecture is focused on engineering of modular supramolecular assemblies benefitting from their mutable and stimuli-responsive properties which confer an ultimate potential for the fabrication of unified innovative nanomedicines with controlled features.

Protective Effects of Ellagic Acid Against Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice.

Ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound commonly present in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and other edible plants, exerts many pharmacological activities. The present project was designed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of ellagic acid against alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) and the correlation among alcohol, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Fifty percent (v/v) alcohol (10 mL/kg bw daily) was orally administrated for 4 weeks in mice along with ellagic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg bw).

Interactions between dietary fiber and ferulic acid change the aggregation of glutenin, gliadin and glutenin macropolymer in wheat flour system.

Background: Glutenin macropolymer (GMP), glutenin and gliadin proteins are important indicators of the baking quality of dough. This study investigated the impacts of wheat bran and a mixture of ferulic acid (FA) and dietary fiber (DF) on the constitution of gluten proteins. Addition of wheat bran (100 and 150 g kg ) into gluten decreased the gliadin/glutenin ratio, while the addition of different amounts of FA + DF (C1 group: 20 g kg FA and 60 g kg DF; C2 group: 30 g kg FA and 90 g kg DF) had the opposite effect.

Transport, metabolism and remedial potential of functional food extracts (FFEs) in Caco-2 cells monolayer: A review.

Caco-2, a human intestinal carcinoma cell line, has been used to test the absorption and transport mechanism of functional foods and drugs across the intestinal epithelium in order to study their antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Caco-2 cells represent the morphological and functional characteristics of small intestinal cells and capable of expressing brush borders, tight junctions, intestinal efflux and uptake transporters which regulate permeation of drugs and functional food extracts from intestinal lumen to systemic circulation. The integrity of the Caco-2 monolayer is controlled by establishing the TEER between 200 and 1000 O per cm.

Comparative assessment of functional properties, free and bound phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and in vitro bioaccessibility of rye bran and its insoluble dietary fiber.

In cereals, 95% of dietary fiber is associated with phenolic compounds. The present study examined the functional properties, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and in vitro bioaccessibility of phenolics and flavonoids present in rye bran (RB) and its insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). Compared to RB, higher functional properties (WHC, WRC, and OHC) were represented by IDF due to its porous structure.

Effect of Caesalpinia bonduc Polyphenol Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats in Attenuating Hyperglycemia by Upregulating Insulin Secretion and Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway.

Caesalpinia bonduc has been used in herbal medicines for the treatment of a wide range of diseases from decades. The present study has explored the remedial potential and underlying mechanism of polyphenol extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in alloxanized diabetic rats. HPLC/MS analysis confirmed the presence of phenolics in considerable concentrations in Caesalpinia bonduc extract.