Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy.

The emergence of nanotechnology offers a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. In this context, biomimetic nanoparticles have emerged as an exciting frontier in the field of biomedicine. These nanoparticles can emulate essential biological functions, drawing from an abundant reservoir of cellular capabilities.

Recent advances in nanopharmaceutical strategies for cancer treatment.

Next-generation cancer nanomedicines are revolutionizing therapeutic precision through multifunctional, adaptive, and tumor-specific strategies. This review discusses emerging innovations in cancer nanomedicine, including stimuli-responsive nanomedicines, biomimetic nanomedicines, nanozymes, nanovaccines, immunotherapy, and diagnostic-integrated theranostics. These platforms allow for spatially controlled therapy, deep tumor penetration, and immune reprogramming with minimal systemic toxicity.

Magnetic hyperthermia-triggered multi-functional thermo-responsive lipid nanoparticles for enhanced paclitaxel release and cytotoxicity.

The inadequate safety and efficacy of chemotherapy have led cancer medicine to focus on localizing drug delivery to the target. Thermoresponsive nanocarriers (liposomes and polymeric networks) exploit local hyperthermia to trigger targeted payload release; however, their low stability and unpredictable fate have led to failure in clinical studies. To overcome these challenges, we reported first-of-its-kind thermoresponsive lipid nanoparticles (TLNs) that undergo solid-liquid phase transition under hyperthermia to release the payload.

Tretinoin loaded NLCs-based sunscreen cream; preparation and characterization.

FDA has recognized tretinoin as the gold standard for skin anti-aging products but it has the disadvantage of being a strong irritant and unstable in light. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are advanced, second-generation solid lipid nanoparticles with the intriguing feature of acquiring the properties of physical sunscreens in terms of UV ray scattering. Thus, this study was designed to formulate a tretinoin-loaded NLCs-based sunscreen cream to potentiate the photo-stability of tretinoin.

Ternary lipids-based novel thermoresponsive lipid nanoparticles for targeting doxorubicin to breast cancer cells.

Conventional thermoresponsive liposomes have failed to meet cancer targeting potential due to poor safety profile, unpredictable fate, and low therapeutic response in clinical studies. Recently, we reported phase-change nanostructured lipid carriers, termed thermoresponsive lipid nanoparticles (TLNs), for targeting cancer cells under hyperthermia. Herein, we have prepared ternary eutectic mixtures of myristic, stearic, and palmitic acid at a ratio of 2.

Protein Corona of Nanoparticles: Isolation and Analysis.

Nanoparticles entering biological systems or fluids inevitably adsorb biomolecules, such as protein, on their surfaces, forming a protein corona. Ensuing, the protein corona endows nanoparticles with a new biological identity and impacts the interaction between the nanoparticles and biological systems. Hence, the development of reliable techniques for protein corona isolation and analysis is key for understanding the biological behaviors of nanoparticles.

Morphological Features Influence the Drug Loading and Delivery Efficacy of Photoactivatable Gold Nanocarriers for Antitumor Photo/Chemotherapy.

Photoactivatable gold nanocarriers are transforming antitumor therapies by leveraging their distinctive physicochemical properties, enabling targeted drug delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. This study systematically investigates how surface topography and morphology of gold nanocarriers influence drug loading capacity, light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and overall therapeutic performance in photo/chemotherapy. We synthesized four distinct morphologies of gold nanoparticles: porous gold nanocups (PAuNCs), porous gold nanospheres (PAuNSs), solid gold nanocups (SAuNCs), and solid gold nanospheres (SAuNSs).

Naringenin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress and enhance oral bioavailability of naringenin.

Naringenin (Nrg) is the most abundant natural dietary flavonoid with promising anti-inflammatory potential. However, its therapeutic application is limited due to poor absorption, low bioavailability, and inability to cross physiological barriers. Herein, we designed biocompatible solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to overcome these challenges and to enhance the oral bioavailability and therapeutic potential of Nrg.

Lipid-Based Nanoformulations for Drug Delivery: An Ongoing Perspective.

Oils and lipids help make water-insoluble drugs soluble by dispersing them in an aqueous medium with the help of a surfactant and enabling their absorption across the gut barrier. The emergence of microemulsions (thermodynamically stable), nanoemulsions (kinetically stable), and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems added unique characteristics that make them suitable for prolonged storage and controlled release. In the 1990s, solid-phase lipids were introduced to reduce drug leakage from nanoparticles and prolong drug release.

The Impact of Flavonoid-Loaded Nanoparticles in the UV Protection and Safety Profile of Topical Sunscreens.

Excessive UV radiation exposure is harmful to skin cells since sunburn is accompanied by oxidative burst, leading to a rapid increase in skin cancer. However, the insufficient UV photoprotection of approved sunscreens and the negative impact of their compositions on ecosystems and human health makes the utility of sunscreen a questionable recommendation. Therefore, discovering UV filters with significant antioxidant activity and improved topical performance and photostability is an urgent need.

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs.

The low aqueous solubility of many drugs reduces their bioavailability in the blood. Oils have been used for centuries to enhance the solubility of drugs; however, they can disturb the lipid profile of the patients. In this study, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems of omega-3 fatty acids-rich oils are prepared and optimized for the delivery of lipophilic drugs.

Investigation of Eutectic Mixtures of Fatty Acids as a Novel Construct for Temperature-Responsive Drug Delivery.

Background: Most of the traditional nanocarriers of cancer therapeutic moieties present dose-related toxicities due to the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents in normal body cells. The severe life-threatening effects of systemic chemotherapy are well documented. Doxorubicin, DOX is the most effective antineoplastic agent but with the least specific action that is responsible for severe cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression that necessitates careful monitoring while administering.

Synthesis and Characterization of Antibiotic-Loaded Biodegradable Citrate Functionalized Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite Nanocarriers as an Alternative Treatment for Bone Infections.

The continuing growth of bacterial resistance makes the top challenge for the healthcare system especially in bone-infections treatment. Current estimates reveal that in 2050 the death ratio caused by bacterial infections can be higher than cancer. The aim of this study is to provide an alternative to currently available bone-infection treatments.

Olive oil and clove oil-based nanoemulsion for topical delivery of terbinafine hydrochloride: and evaluation.

In this article, formulation studies for terbinafine hydrochloride nanoemulsions, prepared by high-energy ultrasonication technique, are described. Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed in order to find out the optimal ratios of oil and surfactant/co-solvent mixture for nanoemulsion production. Clove and olive oils were selected as oil phase.

Supramolecular lipid nanoparticles as delivery carriers for non-invasive cancer theranostics.

Nanotheranostics is an emerging frontier of personalized medicine research particularly for cancer, which is the second leading cause of death. Supramolecular aspects in theranostics are quite allured to achieve more regulation and controlled features. Supramolecular nanotheranostics architecture is focused on engineering of modular supramolecular assemblies benefitting from their mutable and stimuli-responsive properties which confer an ultimate potential for the fabrication of unified innovative nanomedicines with controlled features.

Facile and Novel Synthesis of Spiky Gold Nanoparticles as an Efficient Antimicrobial Agent against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.

Aims: The aim of the study is to develop advanced antibacterial agents as nanoparticles instead of antibiotics due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of causing many diseases, including serious bacterial pneumonia. There is a need for an efficient antibacterial agent to kill these pathogens.

Tuberculosis Resistance and Nanoparticles: Combating the Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Macrophages for Tuberculosis Management.

Increasing drift in antimicrobial therapy failure against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and the advent of extended resistant strains strongly demand discovery of mechanisms underlying development of drug resistance. The emergence of resistance against anti-TB drugs has reached an alarming level in various parts of the world, providing an active platform for the design of new targeted drug delivery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have an important role in controlling TB pathogenesis.

Folate targeted lipid chitosan hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.

Folic acid is often used for active targeting of tumor cells to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Here, folic acid was conjugated with chitosan and folate-conjugated chitosan-lipid hybrid nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using anionic lipid. These nanoparticles were in size range of 200 to 400 nm with spherical shape.

Ionically Cross-Linked Chitosan Nanoparticles for Sustained Delivery of Docetaxel: Fabrication, Post-Formulation and Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation.

Introduction: Polymeric nanoparticles are potential carriers for the efficient delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs due to their multifaceted applications. Docetaxel is relatively less hydrophobic and twice as potent as paclitaxel. Like other taxane chemotherapeutic agents, docetaxel is not well tolerated and shows toxicity in the patients.

Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for controlled delivery of hydrophilic and lipophilic doxorubicin for breast cancer therapy.

Lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for the controlled delivery of hydrophilic doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX.HCl) and lipophilic DOX base have been fabricated by the single step modified nanoprecipitation method. Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glicolide) (PLGA), lecithin, and 1,2-distearoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-2000 (DSPE-PEG 2000) were selected as structural components.

Polymeric nanocapsules embedded with ultra-small silver nanoclusters for synergistic pharmacology and improved oral delivery of Docetaxel.

Despite of the remarkable cytotoxic and imaging potential of ultra-small metal nanoclusters, their toxicity-free and targeted delivery to cancerous cells remains a substantial challenge that hinders their clinical applications. In this study, a polymeric scaffold was first synthesized by grafting folic acid and thiol groups to chitosan (CS) for cancer cell targeting and improved gastric permeation. Furthermore, silver nanocluster (Ag NCs) were synthesized in situ, within CS scaffold by microwave irradiation and core-shell nanocapsules (NCPs) were prepared with hydrophobic docetaxel (DTX) in the core and Ag NCs embedded CS in the shell.

Advancements in the oral delivery of Docetaxel: challenges, current state-of-the-art and future trends.

The oral delivery of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs is challenging due to low bioavailability, gastrointestinal side effects, first-pass metabolism and P-glycoprotein efflux pumps. Thus, chemotherapeutic drugs, including Docetaxel, are administered via an intravenous route, which poses many disadvantages of its own. Recent advances in pharmaceutical research have focused on designing new and efficient drug delivery systems for site-specific targeting, thus leading to improved bioavailability and pharmacokinetics.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSTRAINS FACED BY TB PATIENTS THAT LEAD TO NON-COMPLIANCE - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN SOUTHERN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is communicable from one person to another. Pakistan stands forefront among few unfortunate countries that still have heavy burden of TB infection. Being a developing country, TB patients in Pakistan have to face different socio-economic constraints that upset life of the patients as well as their families.

Enhancement of Dissolution and Skin Permeability of Pentazocine by Proniosomes and Niosomal Gel.

Proniosomes (PN) are the dry water-soluble carrier systems that may enhance the oral bioavailability, stability, and topical permeability of therapeutic agents. The low solubility and low oral bioavailability due to extensive first pass metabolism make Pentazocine as an ideal candidate for oral and topical sustained release delivery. The present study was aimed to formulate the PNs by quick slurry method that are converted to niosomes (liquid dispersion) by hydration, and subsequently formulated to semisolid niosomal gel.