Crotonylation of IDH1 alleviates MASLD progression by enhancing the TCA cycle.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), potentially ameliorated by bariatric-metabolic surgery, remains a global health concern in the absence of approved drugs. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for MASLD. However, the functional significance of lysine crotonylation (Kcr) remains unclear.

Post-translational modifications in the pathophysiological process of metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease.

In recent years, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which was called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has been progressively increasing in populations. The progression of MASLD encompasses a spectrum from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and ultimately to cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. During the early stages of the disease, lipid accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress may lead to abnormalities in hepatic DNA expression, protein synthesis, and post-translational modifications (PTMs).

Lysine crotonylation in disease: mechanisms, biological functions and therapeutic targets.

Lysine crotonylation (Kcr), a previously unknown post-translational modification (PTM), plays crucial roles in regulating cellular processes, including gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and cellular metabolism. Kcr is associated with various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and metabolic syndromes. Despite advances in identifying crotonylation sites and their regulatory enzymes, the molecular mechanisms by which Kcr influences disease progression remain poorly understood.

Characterization of sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) gene family in Haynaldia villosa demonstrated SnRK2.9-V enhances drought and salt stress tolerance of common wheat.

Background: The sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) plays a crucial role in responses to diverse biotic/abiotic stresses. Currently, there are reports on these genes in Haynaldia villosa, a diploid wild relative of wheat.

Results: To understand the evolution of SnRK2-V family genes and their roles in various stress conditions, we performed genome-wide identification of the SnRK2-V gene family in H.

A dual-subcellular localized β-glucosidase confers pathogen and insect resistance without a yield penalty in maize.

Maize is one of the most important crops for food, cattle feed and energy production. However, maize is frequently attacked by various pathogens and pests, which pose a significant threat to maize yield and quality. Identification of quantitative trait loci and genes for resistance to pests will provide the basis for resistance breeding in maize.

Small proteins modulate ion-channel-like ACD6 to regulate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The multi-pass transmembrane protein ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 (ACD6) is an immune regulator in Arabidopsis thaliana with an unclear biochemical mode of action. We have identified two loci, MODULATOR OF HYPERACTIVE ACD6 1 (MHA1) and its paralog MHA1-LIKE (MHA1L), that code for ∼7 kDa proteins, which differentially interact with specific ACD6 variants. MHA1L enhances the accumulation of an ACD6 complex, thereby increasing the activity of the ACD6 standard allele for regulating plant growth and defenses.

The plant immune receptor SNC1 monitors helper NLRs targeted by a bacterial effector.

Plants deploy intracellular receptors to counteract pathogen effectors that suppress cell-surface-receptor-mediated immunity. To what extent pathogens manipulate intracellular receptor-mediated immunity, and how plants tackle such manipulation, remains unknown. Arabidopsis thaliana encodes three similar ADR1 class helper nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat receptors (ADR1, ADR1-L1, and ADR1-L2), which are crucial in plant immunity initiated by intracellular receptors.

[Expression and Clinical Significance of ATP Citrate Lyase in Hepatocellular Carcinoma].

Objective To investigate the role of ATP citrate lyase(ACLY)in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and the impact of this enzyme on the immune microenvironment of HCC.Methods We utilized the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Data Analysis Portal and the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis to identify the changes in ACLY expression and prognosis across different tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas.With HCC as the disease model,we analyzed the ACLY expression in HCC samples from the gene expression database.

Selective inhibition of hepatic stellate cell and fibroblast-derived LOXL1 attenuates BDL- and -induced cholestatic liver fibrosis.

Lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) proteins are amine oxidases that play a crucial role in extracellular matrix remodeling due to their collagen cross-linking and intracellular functions. The role of LOXL1 in cholestatic liver fibrosis remains unexplored. We measured LOXL1 expression in two murine models of cholestasis [Mdr2 knockout () and bile duct ligation (BDL)].

Damage-induced NAD release activates intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell via P2X7R signaling.

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is characterized by the activation of inflammation triggered by tissue damage. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) reportedly induce local inflammation after injury. However, the impact of DAMPs on intestinal resident lymphocytes during POI remains poorly elucidated.

An LRR-only protein promotes NLP-triggered cell death and disease susceptibility by facilitating oligomerization of NLP in Arabidopsis.

Necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) constitute a superfamily of proteins toxic to dicot plants, but the molecular basis of this toxicity remains obscure. Using quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis we investigated the genetic variation underlying ion leakage in Arabidopsis plants elicited with MoNLP1 derived from Magnaporthe oryzae. The QTL conditioning MoNLP1 toxicity was positionally cloned and further characterized to elucidate its mode of action.

Bariatric surgery for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in individuals with obesity (Base-NAFLD): protocol of a prospective multicenter observational follow-up study.

Background: Bariatric surgery may be indicated in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to achieve and maintain the degree of weight loss required to ensure therapeutic effects. However, bariatric surgery is still underrecognized in the treatment of NAFLD, including its inflammatory subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, there is a lack of follow-up outcome data on different types of bariatric surgery in patients with NAFLD.

The Regulatory Network of in Wheat- f. sp. Interaction Revealed by Temporal Profiling Using RNA-Seq.

Wheat powdery mildew (Pm), caused by f. sp. (), is a prevalent fungal disease.

Down syndrome with primary thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hashimoto thyroiditis: A CARE compliant case report.

Rationale: Adult patients with Down syndrome (DS) commonly develop Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). However, primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the thyroid is uncommon, and its simultaneous occurrence with HT is very rare. To our knowledge, coexisting DLBCL and HT in a patient with DS has not been reported in the medical literature.