The impact of long noncoding RNA LINKA on the GPNMB/HIF-1α signaling pathway in hyperoxic acute lung injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of long noncoding RNA LINKA (LncRNA LINKA) in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI), specifically focusing on its impact on the GPNMB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic B protein)/HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha) signaling pathway of apoptosis.MethodsAn experimental animal study was conducted using specific pathogen-free (SPF) male C57BL/6 mice and GPNMB knockout (KO) mice. Lung injury was assessed by measuring total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, serum levels of inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) mediators, histopathological scoring (hematoxylin and eosin staining), apoptosis rate (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay), and expression levels of GPNMB/HIF-1α pathway proteins (p-GPNMB, phosphorylated leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (p-LRRK2), p-HIF-1α) and apoptosis regulators (BCL2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)) via western blotting.

PHPT1 acts as an inhibitor in high-altitude pulmonary hypertension via negative TRPV5 signaling regulation.

Background: Low barometric pressure hypoxia at high altitudes triggers vascular remodeling, resulting in high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). The key step is the transformation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from a contractile to synthetic phenotype. Protein kinases and phosphatases contribute to phenotype transformation by altering phosphorylated protein expression.

All-stage targeted therapy for invasive cryptococcosis through interaction between the secretory protein Cig1 and hemin.

Cryptococcosis, a serious systemic fungal infection caused by () and its variants, poses a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis and severe health implications. The treatment of cryptococcal infections is complicated by several unique factors, stemming from both the pathogenic characteristics of the fungi and the biological barriers they exploit. These include the fungi's protective capsule, their ability to reside within host macrophages-thereby evading pharmacological intervention-and their involvement in multi-organ infections such as the lung and brain, in particular their strategic positioning within the brain, protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Conserved domains of flagellin as adjuvants for an inactivated vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Flagellin activates immune response through Toll-like Receptor 5 (TLR5) and can serve as a vaccine adjuvant. In this study, we evaluated the adjuvancy of the conserved domains of flagellins from three different bacteria: Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. The conserved domains were recombinantly expressed, and all three recombinant proteins demonstrated robust TLR5 activation in vitro.

Lipoprotein Signal Peptide as Adjuvants: Leveraging Lipobox-Driven TLR2 Activation in Modern Vaccine Design.

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling is a pivotal component of immune system activation, and it is closely linked to the lipidation of bacterial proteins. This lipidation is guided by bacterial signal peptides (SPs), which ensure the precise targeting and membrane anchoring of these proteins. The lipidation process is essential for TLR2 recognition and the activation of robust immune responses, positioning lipidated bacterial proteins as potent immunomodulators and adjuvants for vaccines against bacterial-, viral-, and cancer-related antigens.

Structural engineering of flagellin as vaccine adjuvant: quest for the minimal domain of flagellin for TLR5 activation.

Flagellin stimulates Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), triggering both innate and adaptive immune responses, making it a potential vaccine adjuvant. On mucosal surfaces, flagellin induces a strong release of cytokines, chemokines, and immunoglobulins. When used in its free monomeric form, flagellin has been shown to enhance immune responses when combined with vaccine antigens.

Structural Characterization of Water-Soluble Pectin from the Fruit of and Its Protective Effects against DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice.

Polysaccharides from L. were investigated for their structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activity. Four low polymer dispersity index (PDI) subfractions were obtained: DRP-1 (153.

Erratum: AMPD3 promotes doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy through HSP90α-mediated ferroptosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.

AMPD3 promotes doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy through HSP90α-mediated ferroptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used anticancer drug, can induce myocardial damage, and current treatments are limited. Our research identified AMPD3 upregulation in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC), and we hypothesized that AMPD3 may contribute to cardiac injury by regulating mitochondrial dynamics and ferroptosis. We generated AMPD3 knockout (KO) mice and AC16 cell models with AMPD3 knockdown/overexpression, using various methods to explore underlying mechanisms.

Flagellin Enhances the Immunogenicity of Lipoprotein E Subunit Vaccine.

Fowl cholera, caused by infection, poses challenges for prevention because of its many serotypes. Bacterins are currently widely used for vaccination against fowl cholera, but protection is limited to homologous strains. Live attenuated vaccines of provide some heterologous protection, but side effects are considerable.

Enhanced immune response with baculovirus-expressed BoHV-1 glycoprotein D in vaccine development.

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), a significant pathogen in the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, primarily infects cattle and causes the upper respiratory disease known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). In silico studies evaluated the BoHV-1 D protein to be non-allergenic, non-toxic, and highly antigenic, highlighting its potential as an antigen for vaccine development. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a subunit vaccine using the ectodomain of glycoprotein D (gD) as an antigen.

The Associations of Two Novel Inflammation Biomarkers, SIRI and SII, with Mortality Risk in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

Background: The associations of two novel inflammation biomarkers, systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII), with mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are not well-characterized.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with CHF in two medical centers of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. The outcomes of this study included in-hospital mortality and long-term mortality.

Advancing PEDV Vaccination: Comparison between Inactivated and Flagellin N-Terminus-Adjuvanted Subunit Vaccines.

Vaccinations can serve as an important preventive measure against the porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus that currently threatens the swine industry. This study focuses on the development of a fusion protein vaccine, FliC-COE, which combines the N-terminus of flagellin (FliC) with a modified core neutralizing epitope (COE) of PEDV. In silico immunoinformatic analysis confirmed the construct's non-toxic, non-allergenic, and highly antigenic nature.

Cognitive status and its risk factors in patients with hypertension and diabetes in a low-income rural area of China: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The proportion of older people with dementia in China is gradually increasing with the increase in the aging population over recent years. Hypertension and diabetes are common non-communicable diseases among rural populations in China. However, it remains unclear whether these conditions affect the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment as there is limited research on cognitive status and its risk factors among residents of rural areas.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of mortality among patients with chronic heart failure: results from a retrospective cohort study in China.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been demonstrated to be a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR) and an effective predictive index of cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. However, its long-term prognostic value in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) remains uncertain.

Methods: A total of 6697 consecutive patients with CHF were enrolled in this study.

Structural, rheological and functional properties of ultrasonic treated xanthan gums.

Xanthan gum can improve the freeze-thaw stability of frozen foods. However, the high viscosity and long hydration time of xanthan gum limits its application. In this study, ultrasound was employed to reduce the viscosity of xanthan gum, and the effect of ultrasound on its physicochemical, structural, and rheological properties was investigated using High-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), ion chromatograph, methylation analysis, H NMR, rheometer, etc.

Joint association of hyperuricemia and chronic kidney disease with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.

Background: The joint association of hyperuricemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is not conclusive.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. We included 9,367 patients with CHF, who were hospitalized between January 2011 and June 2019.

Assessment of Cardiac Function and Ventricular Mechanical Synchronization in Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing by Speckle Tracking and Three-Dimensional Echocardiography.

Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography combined with speckle tracking was used in this study. A total of 90 patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction were divided into 3 groups according to the pacing site: left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP), right ventricular septal pacing (RVSP) or right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP). Procedure duration (90 ± 18 vs 61 ± 6.

Signal sequence contributes to the immunogenicity of Pasteurella multocida lipoprotein E.

Recombinant Pasterurella multocida lipoprotein E (PlpE) has been shown to protect against fowl cholera. This study aimed to determine if the signal sequence may contribute to the antigenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant PlpE. A small antigenic domain of PlpE (termed truncated PlpE, tPlpE) was constructed with (SP-tPlpE) or without (tPlpE) the signal sequence and evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Flagellin Improves the Immune Response of an Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Subunit Vaccine.

Flagellin activates the immune system through Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and can work as an adjuvant for subunit vaccines. In this study, we tested the adjuvancy of two different N-terminal fragments of flagellin, (1) FliC, residues 1-99, and (2) FliC, residues 1-176, to incorporate larger areas of the hotspot region for potentially higher levels of TLR5 activation and immune response. A truncated version of the VP2 protein (name VP2, residues 199-356) of the Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was genetically linked to the flagellin constructs, and the immune response was evaluated in chickens.

Calsyntenin-1 Promotes Doxorubicin-induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Rats.

Purpose: Doxorubicin is an important cancer chemotherapeutic agent with severe cardiotoxic effects that eventually lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Calsyntenin-1(CLSTN1) plays a critical role in the nervous system, but its relevance in cardiovascular diseases is unknown. We investigated the significance of CLSTN1 in doxorubicin-induced DCM.

Bidirectional Relationship Between Tuberculosis and Hypothyroidism: An 18-Year Nationwide Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Some antituberculosis agents may cause hypothyroidism, and thyroid hormones play a vital role in infection. However, the relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and hypothyroidism has not been clearly established. Therefore, this retrospective, longitudinal cohort study aimed to investigate the association between these two diseases using the 2000-2017 data from the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.