Light-addressable potentiometric sensors modified with mesoporous silica nanoparticles for label-free detection of adenosine.

Adenosine (AD) is integral to numerous physiological processes, thereby necessitating its sensitive and selective detection for clinical diagnostic applications. This study introduces an innovative aptasensor utilizing a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) for the accurate detection of AD. The LAPS platform capitalizes on its light-addressable properties and stable potentiometric performance to monitor potential variations resulting from the specific interaction between AD and its corresponding aptamer (AD-Apt).

Insights into heterogenetic mechanism in physicochemical driving factors, microbial community and volatile metabolites during high-temperature Daqu fermentation by traditional stacking and shelf stacking.

Background: Research on shelf-stacking fermentation is growing, with the aim of reducing labor and improving Daqu stability, but it still falls short compared to traditional stacking fermentation, especially for high-temperature Daqu (HTD). The heterogenetic mechanisms underlying+ these two Daqu remain unclear.

Results: The improved micro-oxygen environment in shelf-stacking fermentation significantly reduced acidity and increased liquefaction and esterification activities compared to traditionally stacked HTD (HTD-T).

Aptamer and graphene-enhanced field-effect device for the sensitive and label-free detection of adenosine triphosphate.

The urgent need for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection spans various fields, particularly in biology and medicine. Developing a simple, quick, label-free, and highly sensitive biosensor for ATP detection is crucial. In this study, we created a label-free biosensor using a field-effect device, specifically an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensor, which was functionalized with aptamer and graphene.

Polyphenol-based self-assembled nanoparticles treating uveitis by inflammation-oxidative stress suppression.

The breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), which induces vascular leakage, represents a critical pathological hallmark underlying severe vision loss in uveitis. The inflammatory response triggers phenotypic alterations in microglia, driving excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and initiating a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm involving multiple inflammatory mediators. This synergistic interaction establishes a self-amplifying pathological cascade that ultimately leads to BRB dysfunction.

Dual-enzyme cascade colorimetric biosensor for safe, rapid on-site detection and detoxification of ochratoxins.

Ochratoxins, toxic mycotoxins present in food and feed, pose a threat to human health due to their various toxic effects. Developing a safe, convenient, and rapid on-site detection tool for monitoring ochratoxins is essential for food and environmental safety, especially in developing countries. Although numerous effective ochratoxin sensing and detection systems are available, most do not combine detoxification with detection capabilities.

The Social Network of Otolaryngology: Collaborative Publishing Relationships by Gender.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate if gender differences exist in social connectedness (betweenness centrality) and professional impact (h-indices) within Otolaryngology when controlling for variables such as academic rank, subspecialty, and geographic region.

Methods: Physician faculty (n = 2494) from 129 US ACGME accredited otolaryngology programs were identified. Characteristics included gender, academic rank, sub-specialty, and SCOPUS IDs.

The use of patient-reported outcome measures in recurrent diverticulitis.

Background: National guidelines for elective colectomy for uncomplicated diverticulitis have changed to a patient-centered approach. Patient-reported outcome measures, such as the Diverticulitis Quality of Life Instrument, may be helpful to determine who will benefit from elective colectomy for diverticulitis.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational cohort study to investigate whether greater Diverticulitis Quality of Life Instrument scores (indicating more severe disease burden) would be associated with increased likelihood of electing to undergo colectomy for recurrent diverticulitis.

Clinical characteristics of atrophic macular hole in pathologic myopia: A multicenter study.

Purpose: This study aims to describe and analyze the clinical characteristics of atrophic macular hole (AMH), a severe complication in patients with pathologic myopia (PM).

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective analysis was conducted involving 17 patients (17 eyes) diagnosed with AMH and 52 patients (52 eyes) diagnosed with simple macular hole (SMH) in PM from January 2023 to December 2023. Clinical data and multimodal images were collected.

Long-term culture and morphological maturation of taste organoids enhance taste discrimination in a biomimetic biosensor.

Taste is a multifaceted sensory experience that involves various human senses related to food and is a key indicator of food quality. A biomimetic taste-based biosensor, which utilizes taste bud organoids as sensitive elements, is able to simulate the real responses of taste transduction in vitro. Taste bud organoids are three-dimensional structures created from taste stem/progenitor cells, integrated with transducers to develop the biosensor.

Bandgap engineering of lead-free double perovskites for efficient photocatalysis.

Lead-free halide perovskites represent promising candidates in optoelectronics due to their excellent properties, such as high stability, mobility, defect tolerance and low-cost processes. However, their applications in photovoltaic and photocatalysis are limited by their wide bandgap nature. Here, we introduced Sb and Sb ions into the double perovskite CsAgBiCl, successfully narrowing its bandgap and extending the absorption band edge to 1450 nm, representing the broadest near-infrared (NIR) response reported for lead-free perovskites.

Current practices in prostate pathology reporting: results from a survey of genitourinary and general pathologists.

Aims: Standardizing pathology reporting protocols through peer consensus review is critical for the best quality of care metrics. Reporting heterogeneity due to discrepancies among professional societies and practice patterns may lead to heterogeneous management and treatment approaches. This issue prompted a multi-institutional survey of pathologists to address potential similarities or differences in trends and practice patterns in prostate pathology reporting worldwide.

[Preparation, optimization, and evaluation of HRQ-1 microcapsules].

We have isolated an intestinal probiotic strain, HRQ-1. To improve its gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, transportation and storage stability, and slow-release properties, we employed the extrusion method to prepare the microcapsules with . HRQ-1 as the core material and sodium alginate and chitosan as the wall material.

Analysis of clinical features and SS-OCT findings in patients with focal choroidal excavation.

To analyze the epidemiology, clinical features, and Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography findings in patients with Focal Choroidal Excavation. 97 patients with FCE were identified from 50,000 scans of 25,000 individuals who underwent SS-OCT examinations. These patients' clinical and imaging features were recorded, while data from 37 individuals with follow-up records were analyzed.

Mental Health Disorders and Pain in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Free Flap Surgery.

Objective: Determine relationships between pain and mental health disorders (MHDs) in patients undergoing microvascular free flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer (HNC).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary Care Institution in the Southeastern United States.

Association of IL-23/IL-17 Pathway-Related Gene Polymorphisms with Idiopathic Scleritis in Chinese Han Population.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between IL-23/IL-17 pathway gene polymorphisms and scleritis susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.

Methods: We assessed IL-23/IL-17 pathway-related SNPs in 898 scleritis cases and 1,573 controls, employing stratified analysis to evaluate subtype-specific impacts and a discovery-validation cohort strategy to ensure genetic association reliability.

Results: IL-23 R/rs10789229 TC genotype and C allele, and the IL-21/rs2221903 TT genotype and T allele were more frequent in scleritis patients (Pc = 2.

In-situ nitrogen fixation during sludge pyrolysis integrated with biomass gasification process.

Gasification is a promising strategy for sludge valorization; however, the significant emission of nitrogen-containing compounds presents both environmental and operational challenges. To mitigate this, a novel sludge pyrolysis and biomass gasification (SPBG) method has been developed to enable in-situ stabilization of nitrogen compounds. Results show a 57.

Development and application of an intelligent pressure injury assessment system using AI image recognition.

BackgroundPressure injuries are a significant concern in clinical settings, requiring accurate assessment to prevent complications. Traditional assessment methods are often subjective and time-consuming.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and evaluate an AI-based intelligent system for assessing pressure injuries, focusing on improving accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional methods.

Higher dose of rivaroxaban for the treatment of venous thromboembolism in a 15-year-old Asian child with antithrombin deficiency: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Deficiency in antithrombin (AT) can significantly increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, there is insufficient data on the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in patients with AT deficiency, especially in children. In addition, Asian populations typically require a lower dose of rivaroxaban, and this may be even more pronounced in Asian children.

[Application of optogenetic technology in the research on olfactory bulb neural projection from advanced brain regions to regulate olfactory signal processing].

Olfactory bulb is a critical component in encoding and processing olfactory signals, characterized by its intricate neural projections and networks dedicated to this function. It has been found that descending neural projections from the olfactory cortex and other advanced brain regions can modulate the excitability of olfactory bulb output neurons in the olfactory bulb, either directly or indirectly, which can further influence olfactory discrimination, learning, and other abilities. In recent years, advancements in optogenetic technology have facilitated extensive application of neuron manipulation for studying neural circuits, thereby greatly accelerating research into olfactory mechanisms.

PLEKHA4 knockdown induces apoptosis in melanoma cells through the MAPK and β‑catenin signaling pathways.

Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive subtype of skin cancer characterized by a poor prognosis, particularly in the advanced stages. Despite advancements in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the survival rates for MM remain low, underscoring the need for new therapeutic targets. Pleckstrin homology domain‑containing family A member 4 (PLEKHA4), which has regulatory functions in pivotal cellular processes, has emerged as a potential target in melanoma.

Highly stable bismuth-chloride perovskite X-ray direct detectors with an ultralow detection limit.

The quest for highly sensitive and stable X-ray detectors has intensified, driven by diverse applications such as medical diagnostics and industrial inspection. Recent strides have been made in harnessing the potential of lead halide perovskites for radiation detection, thanks to their remarkable optoelectronic properties. However, the toxicity of Pb and intrinsic material instability restrict their practical applications as next-generation efficient detectors.

Shared Genes and Pathways in Ulcerative Colitis and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Functional Validation and Implications for Diagnosis.

Background: Associations between ulcerative colitis (UC) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have been reported in multiple studies, but the common etiologies of UC and AS remain unknown. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the shared genes and relevant mechanisms in UC and AS.

Methods: Using datasets for UC (GSE113079) and AS (GSE1797879), we initially identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through differential expression analysis.

Genetics of Circulating Inflammatory Proteins and Iridocyclitis: An Exploratory Mendelian Randomization Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between genetically determined elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iridocyclitis, including its subtypes: acute and subacute iridocyclitis (ASIR) and chronic iridocyclitis (CIR).

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for inflammatory cytokines (cases, n = 14,824), iridocyclitis (IR; cases, n = 7306 and controls, n = 357,814), and its subtypes (ASIR: cases, n = 6166 and controls, n = 357,814; and CIR: cases, n = 1401 and controls, n = 357,814). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis method.

GGSYOLOv5: Flame recognition method in complex scenes based on deep learning.

The continuous development of the field of artificial intelligence, not only makes people's lives more convenient but also plays a role in the supervision and protection of people's lives and property safety. News of the fire is not uncommon, and fire has become the biggest hidden danger threatening the safety of public life and property. In this paper, a deep learning-based flame recognition method for complex scenes, GGSYOLOv5, is proposed.

Accuracy and variability in clinical predictions of speech recognition outcomes for cochlear implant users.

Objectives: An improvement in speech perception is a major well-documented benefit of cochlear implantation (CI), which is commonly discussed with CI candidates to set expectations. However, a large variability exists in speech perception outcomes. We evaluated the accuracy of clinical predictions of post-CI speech perception scores.