Ionic Liquid-Confined Covalent-Organic Framework Pores as Nanoreactors for CO Photoconversion.

The topological nanopores of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show promise as spatially confined nanoreactors for solar CO photoconversion. However, simultaneously increasing the electron density, improving the electron transfer, CO capture, and catalytic efficiency within nanopores remains a challenge for optimizing the performance of such nanoreactors. Here, micro- and mesoporous triazine-COFs were in situ grown on amino-modified BiVO nanosheets (BVO), respectively, obtaining two-dimensional heterojunctions.

Visual Eosin Y-Based Photosensitization Sensing Systems for Ultrasensitive Detection of Diclofenac with Single-Atom Co─NO Site-Immobilized g-CN Nanosheets.

It is highly desired to develop a visual sensing system for ultrasensitive detection of colorless diclofenac (DCF), yet with a significant challenge. Herein, a novel dye-based photosensitization sensing system has been successfully developed for detecting DCF for the first time, in which the used dye eosin Y (DeY) can strongly absorb visible light and then be decolorized obviously by transferring photogenerated electrons to g-CN nanosheets (CN), while the built single-atomic Co─NO sites on CN by boron-oxygen connection can competitively adsorb DCF to impede the photosensitization decoloration of DeY. This system exhibits a broad detection range from 8 ng L to 2 mg L with 535 nm light, an exceptionally low detection limit (3.

Serum exosomal microRNA-1258 may as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) has a high mortality rate. However, there is no efficiency biomarker for diagnosing AECOPD. The purpose of this study was to find biomarkers that can quickly and accurately diagnose AECOPD.

Improving CO photoconversion with ionic liquid and Co single atoms.

Photocatalytic CO conversion promises an ideal route to store solar energy into chemical bonds. However, sluggish electron kinetics and unfavorable product selectivity remain unresolved challenges. Here, an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, and borate-anchored Co single atoms were separately loaded on ultrathin g-CN nanosheets.

A Z-Scheme Heterojunctional Photocatalyst Engineered with Spatially Separated Dual Redox Sites for Selective CO Reduction with Water: Insight by In Situ µs-Transient Absorption Spectra.

Solar-driven CO reduction by water with a Z-scheme heterojunction affords an avenue to access energy storage and to alleviate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, yet the separation of charge carriers and the integrative regulation of water oxidation and CO activation sites remain challenging. Here, a BiVO /g-C N (BVO/CN) Z-scheme heterojunction as such a prototype is constructed by spatially separated dual sites with CoO clusters and imidazolium ionic liquids (IL) toward CO photoreduction. The optimized CoO -BVO/CN-IL delivers an ≈80-fold CO production rate without H evolution compared with urea-C N counterpart, together with nearly stoichiometric O gas produced.

Atomically Dispersed ZnN Sites Immobilized on g-C N Nanosheets for Ultrasensitive Selective Detection of Phenanthrene by Dual Ratiometric Fluorescence.

Ultrasensitively selective detection of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) like phenanthrene (PHE) is critical but remains challenging. Herein, atomically dispersed Zn sites on g-C N nanosheets (sZn-CN) are constructed by thermal polymerization of a Zn-cyanuric acid-melamine supramolecular precursor for the fluorescence detection of PHE. A high amount (1.

Construction of Ultrathin S-Scheme Heterojunctions of Single Ni Atom Immobilized Ti-MOF and BiVO for CO Photoconversion of nearly 100% to CO by Pure Water.

To rationally design single-atom metal-organic framework (MOF)-involving photocatalysts remains an ongoing challenge for efficient CO conversion. Here, cuppy microstructures, consisting of a Ti(IV)-oxo node and three linked carboxylic moieties, in the single-coordination-layer Ti (H dobdc) MOF (NTU-9) are exploited to immobilize abundant single Ni(II) sites (Ni@MOF). The coupling of Ni@MOF with BiVO (BVO) nanosheets by H-bonding-induced assembly process obtains wide-spectrum 2D heterojunctions.

Improved diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using an artificial neural network.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is chronic systemic disease that can cause joint damage, disability and destructive polyarthritis. Current diagnosis of RA is based on a combination of clinical and laboratory features. However, RA diagnosis can be difficult at its disease onset on account of overlapping symptoms with other arthritis, so early recognition and diagnosis of RA permit the better management of patients.

A small-molecule cocktail promotes mammalian cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration.

Zebrafish and mammalian neonates possess robust cardiac regeneration via the induction of endogenous cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation, but adult mammalian hearts have very limited regenerative potential. Developing small molecules for inducing adult mammalian heart regeneration has had limited success. We report a chemical cocktail of five small molecules (5SM) that promote adult CM proliferation and heart regeneration.

Construction of Six-Oxygen-Coordinated Single Ni Sites on g-C N with Boron-Oxo Species for Photocatalytic Water-Activation-Induced CO Reduction.

The configuration regulation of single-atom photocatalysts (SAPCs) can significantly influence the interfacial charge transfer and subsequent catalytic process. The construction of conventional SAPCs for aqueous CO reduction is mainly devoted toward favorable activation and photoreduction of CO , however, the role of water is frequently neglected. In this work, single Ni atoms are successfully anchored by boron-oxo species on g-C N nanosheets through a facile ion-exchange method.

Light-sheet fluorescence imaging charts the gastrula origin of vascular endothelial cells in early zebrafish embryos.

It remains challenging to construct a complete cell lineage map of the origin of vascular endothelial cells in any vertebrate embryo. Here, we report the application of in toto light-sheet fluorescence imaging of embryos to trace the origin of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) at single-cell resolution in zebrafish. We first adapted a previously reported method to embryo mounting and light-sheet imaging, created an alignment, fusion, and extraction all-in-one software (AFEIO) for processing big data, and performed quantitative analysis of cell lineage relationships using commercially available Imaris software.

Ultrathin Phosphate-Modulated Co Phthalocyanine/g-CN Heterojunction Photocatalysts with Single Co-N (II) Sites for Efficient O Activation.

Realization of solar-driven aerobic organic transformation under atmospheric pressure raises the great challenge for efficiently activating O by tailored photocatalysts. Guided by theoretical calculation, phosphate groups are used to induce the construction of ultrathin Co phthalocyanine/g-CN heterojunctions (CoPc/P-CN, ≈4 nm) via strengthened H-bonding interfacial connection, achieving an unprecedented 14-time photoactivity improvement for UV-vis aerobic 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation compared to bulk CN by promoted activation of O. It is validated that more O radicals are produced through the improved photoreduction of O by accelerated photoelectron transfer from CN to the ligand of CoPc and then to the abundant single Co-N (II) catalytic sites, as endowed by the matched dimension, intimate interface even at the molecular level, and high CoPc dispersion of resulted heterojunctions.

The synthesis of interface-modulated ultrathin Ni(ii) MOF/g-CN heterojunctions as efficient photocatalysts for CO reduction.

It is highly desirable to improve charge separation and to provide catalytic functions for the efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) on g-C3N4 (CN). Here, dimension-matched ultrathin NiMOF/CN heterojunctions have been successfully constructed by the in situ growth of NiMOF nanosheets on hydroxylated and 1,4-aminobenzoic acid (AA) functionalized CN nanosheets, respectively, with ultrasonic assistance. The resultant NiMOF/CN heterojunctions exhibited excellent photocatalytic activities for the CO2RR to produce CO and CH4, especially NiMOF/CN-AA, which had photoactivity 18 times higher than that of bare CN.

Dimension-Matched Zinc Phthalocyanine/BiVO Ultrathin Nanocomposites for CO Reduction as Efficient Wide-Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysts via a Cascade Charge Transfer.

Cascade charge transfer was realized by a H-bond linked zinc phthalocyanine/BiVO nanosheet (ZnPc/BVNS) composite, which subsequently works as an efficient wide-visible-light-driven photocatalyst for converting CO into CO and CH , as shown by product analysis and C isotopic measurement. The optimized ZnPc/BVNS nanocomposite exhibits a ca. 16-fold enhancement in the quantum efficiency compared with the reported BiVO nanoparticles at the excitation of 520 nm with an assistance of 660 nm photons.

Enhanced photoelectrochemical activities for water oxidation and phenol degradation on WO nanoplates by transferring electrons and trapping holes.

It is highly desired to improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of nanosized WO by artificially modulating the photogenerated electrons and holes simultaneously. Herein, WO nanoplates have been successfully prepared by a simple one-pot two-phase separated hydrolysis-solvothermal method, and then co-modified with RGO and phosphate acid successively by wet chemical processes. Subsequently, the as-prepared WO-based nanoplates were immobilized on the conductive glasses to explore the PEC activities for both water oxidation to evolve O and phenol degradation.

Microspheres with Au@SiO2 core and mesoporous aluminosilica shell as superior heterogeneous catalysts for the aerobic epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene.

A novel microspherical composite with an Au@SiO2 core and mesoporous aluminosilica shell is synthesized and used as the heterogeneous catalyst in the aerobic epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene, exhibiting great catalytic activity and stability.

One-pot transformation of cellobiose to formic acid and levulinic acid over ionic-liquid-based polyoxometalate hybrids.

Currently, levulinic acid (LA) and formic acid (FA) are considered as important carbohydrates for the production of value-added chemicals. Their direct production from biomass will open up a new opportunity for the transformation of biomass resource to valuable chemicals. In this study, one-pot transformation of cellobiose into LA and FA was demonstrated, using a series of multiple-functional ionic liquid-based polyoxometalate (IL-POM) hybrids as catalytic materials.

Surfactant media to grow new crystalline cobalt 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate metal-organic frameworks.

In this report, three new metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Co3(μ3-OH)(HBTC)(BTC)2Co(HBTC)]·(HTEA)3·H2O (NTU-Z30), [Co(BTC)]·HTEA·H2O (NTU-Z31), [Co3(BTC)4]·(HTEA)4 (NTU-Z32), where H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, TEA = triethylamine, and NTU = Nanyang Technological University, have been successfully synthesized under surfactant media and have been carefully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and IR spectromtry. NTU-Z30 has an unusual trimeric [Co3(μ3-OH)(COO)7] secondary building unit (SBU), which is different from the well-known trimeric [Co3O(COO)6] SBU. The topology studies indicate that NTU-Z30 and NTU-Z32 possess two new topologies, 3,3,6,7-c net and 2,8-c net, respectively, while NTU-Z31 has a known topology rtl type (3,6-c net).

Co6(μ3-OH)6 cluster based coordination polymer as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for aerobic epoxidation of alkenes.

A new hexaprismane Co(II)6(μ3-OH)6 cluster-based three-dimensional coordination polymer ({Co(μ3-OH)(HCOO)0.72(CH3COO)0.28}n, Co6-CP) was successfully synthesized and characterized with single-crystal XRD, IR spectra, TGA spectra and elemental analysis.

Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of 1-phenylethanol with an ionic liquid additive.

The aerobic oxidation of 1-phenylethanol over a carbon nanotube supported palladium catalyst was improved with an ionic liquid additive [emim][NTf(2)], showing an excellent TON of 149,000 which can be maintained for 5 recycle runs.