Echinacoside targets the HIF-1α/LDHA axis to modulate A1/A2 astrocyte differentiation and promote glial scar repair following ischemic stroke.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Glial scar repair is an emerging approach to ischemic stroke (IS) management, and this process can be both positively and negatively influenced by astrocytes. As a phenylethanoid glycoside derived from Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight, echinacoside (ECH) exhibits an array of pharmacological effects. However, there has been little research specifically focused on the impact of ECH on glial scar repair following IS.

[UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with network pharmacology reveals effect and mechanism of Gentianella turkestanorum total extract in ameliorating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis].

This study aims to reveal the effect and mechanism of Gentianella turkestanorum total extract(GTI) in ameliorating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chemical components in GTI. SwissTarget-Prediction, GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD were utilized to screen the targets of GTI components and NASH.

Synergistic and toxicity‑reducing effects of acteoside as an adjuvant therapy of oxaliplatin against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a first‑line chemotherapy agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its application is hindered by low therapeutic sensitivity and severe adverse effects. Acteoside (ACT) has both antitumor and hepatoprotective properties. Therefore, the present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the synergistic and toxicity‑reducing effects of ACT as an adjuvant to OXA in HCC therapy.

Efficacy and mechanism of iridoid glycosides from Gentianella turkestanorum (Gand.) Holub on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis based on RNA sequencing.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an important component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Gentianella turkestanorum (Gands.) Holub is a traditional monk medicine used for the treatment of hepatitis, and total iridoid glycosides from it (GTI) are the main active substances in the treatment of liver diseases.

Mapping the evolution of anti-diabetic polysaccharides research: Trends, collaborations, and emerging frontiers.

Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by insufficient insulin secretion, pancreatic beta cell damage, or insulin resistance, is the third most prevalent chronic metabolic disease worldwide. Polysaccharides, biocompatible natural macromolecules, have garnered significant attention for their potential in modulating diabetes through various mechanisms. Despite extensive studies, a comprehensive and impartial evaluation of anti-diabetic polysaccharides (ATDPs) research is still lacking.

Optimization of Extraction Process, Structural Characterization, and Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity Evaluation of Polysaccharides From the Medicinal and Edible Plant: Cistanche deserticola Ma.

Introduction: Cistanche deserticola Ma (CD), an edible and medicinal plant native to Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Gansu in China, is rich in bioactive polysaccharides known for their health-promoting properties. The polysaccharides of C. deserticola (CDPs) have been shown to possess a range of beneficial activities, including immunomodulatory, anti-aging, antioxidant, and anti-osteoporosis effects.

Phenylethanol Glycosides from Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Cecal Metabolites to Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy Induced by Streptozotocin Combined with High-Fat Diet in Rats.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent complication and serious microvascular of diabetes mellitus. After previous studies, we found that phenylethanol glycosides (CPhGs) derived from (Schenk) Wight exerts antidiabetic and renoprotective effects. However, the effects of CPhGs on DN remain incompletely understood.

Advance in Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma. polysaccharides: Isolation, structural characterization, bioactivities and application: A review.

Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma (CD), is mainly distributed in the regions of China (Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu), Mongolia, Iran and India.

Acteoside alleviates blood-brain barrier damage induced by ischemic stroke through inhibiting microglia HMGB1/TLR4/NLRP3 signaling.

Ischemic stroke (IS) can cause severe harm, inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and pyroptotic death. IS treatment efficacy remains limited, and microglia are important regulators of IS-related blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. It is thus vital that new therapeutic agents capable of targeting microglia be identified to treat IS-related damage to the BBB.

In vitro and in vivo Efficacies of Novel Harmine Derivatives in the Treatment of Cystic Echinococcosis.

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae of the (.) cluster. The current existing drugs have limited therapeutic efficacy against cystic echinococcosis, and thus, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs.

Effects of Dihydroartemisinin against Cystic Echinococcosis and .

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a disease caused by the infection of Echinococcus granulosus. We sought to investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) against CE under and conditions. Protoscoleces (PSCs) from were divided into control, DMSO, ABZ, DHA-L, DHA-M, and DHA-H groups.

Microbiome-metabolomics analysis reveals the potential effect of verbascoside in alleviating cognitive impairment in db/db mice.

Cognitive impairment is the main central nervous system complication of diabetes, affecting the quality of life of patients. is a homologous plant widely used as a health food and therapeutic drug. Verbascoside, a signature component of , has anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects.

Cistanche tubulosa alleviates ischemic stroke-induced blood-brain barrier damage by modulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ischemic stroke (IS) has both high morbidity and mortality. Previous research conducted by our group demonstrated that the bioactive ingredients of the traditional medicinal and edible plant Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight (CT) have various pharmacological effects in treating nervous system diseases. However, the effect of CT on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after IS are still unknown.

In vitro effects of harmine against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces by stimulating DNA damage.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a parasitic larval cystic stage of a small taeniid-type tapeworm (Echinococcus granulosus), causes illness in intermediate hosts and has become a threat to global public health. Currently, chemical compounds recommended by the WHO targeting CE are albendazole and mebendazole, however, none of them shows enhanced efficacy. Novel molecular compounds are urgently required to treat this disease.

Phenylethanol glycosides from Herba Cistanche improve the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and enhance the effects of oxaliplatin via the HIF‑1α signaling pathway.

Liver cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumor, and is characterized by high malignancy, rapid progression, high morbidity and mortality. Oxaliplatin (OXA) has been reported to have marked efficiency against advanced liver cancer with tolerable toxicity. In solid tumors, the hypoxic microenvironment promotes epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can also induce drug resistance of liver cancer to platinum drugs.

Effect of Harmine and Its Derivatives Against and Comparison of DNA Damage Targets.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic disease. At present, the treatment options of CE are limited. The main drugs used in clinical chemotherapy of echinococcosis are albendazole and mebendazole, but they mainly exert longterm antiparasitic effects based on high doses.

In vitro and in vivo Effects of Artesunate on Protoscoleces and Metacestodes.

Background: In this study, we aim to investigate the efficiency of artesunate (AS) on protoscoleces and metacestodes.

Methods: For the in vitro assay, the eosin dye exclusion test and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were utilized to evaluate the effects of AS against protoscoleces (PSCs) from . In addition, mortality, ultrastructure change, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and DNA damage were measured in order to explore the anti-echinococcosis mechanism of AS.

Harmine Combined with Knockdown Inhibits the Viability of by Enhancing DNA Damage.

This study aimed at exploring the role of and the effect of harmine (HM) or HM derivatives (HMDs) on DNA damage in DNA damage in protoscoleces (PSCs) was assessed by using a comet assay, after treatment with HM or HMDs. Efficiency of electroporation-based transfection of PSCs and subsequent knockdown was evaluated by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and fluorescence intensity. Viability of PSCs was determined via eosin exclusion test, and expression of related genes was analyzed via RT-qPCR.

Perfluoroolefin complexes versus perfluorometallacycles and perfluorocarbene complexes in cyclopentadienylcobalt chemistry.

Fluorocarbons have been shown experimentally by Baker and coworkers to combine with the cyclopentadienylcobalt (CpCo) moiety to form fluoroolefin and fluorocarbene complexes as well as fluorinated cobaltacyclic rings. In this connection density functional theory (DFT) studies on the cyclopentadienylcobalt fluorocarbon complexes CpCo(L)(CF) (L = CO, PMe; n = 3 and 4) indicate structures with perfluoroolefin ligands to be the lowest energy structures followed by perfluorometallacycle structures and finally by structures with perfluorocarbene ligands. Thus, for the CpCo(L)(CF) (L = CO, PMe) complexes, the perfluoropropene structure has the lowest energy, followed by the perfluorocobaltacyclobutane structure and the perfluoroisopropylidene structure less stable by 8 to 11 kcal mol, and the highest energy perfluoropropylidene structure less stable by more than 12 kcal mol.

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study of liposomal albendazole in naturally Echinococcus granulosus infected sheep by a validated UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method.

Albendazole (ABZ) is the first-line drug in treating echinococcosis, which is recommended by WHO. To address the poor bioavailability of albendazole, liposomal albendazole was formulated and is available in our hospital for many years. In this study, a sensitive, reliable and accurate UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of albendazole and its metabolites, albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO), albendazole sulfone (ABZSO) and albendazole-2-aminosulfone (ABZSONH) in naturally echinococcus granulosus (E.

Assessment of prophylactic antibiotics administration for acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Recent evidence has shown that prophylactic antibiotic treatment in patients with acute pancreatitis is not associated with a significant decrease in mortality or morbidity. The use and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in acute pancreatitis remain controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess whether antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Gentianella turkestanerum Showed Protective Effects on Hepatic Injury by Modulating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Gentianella turkestanerum extraction by butanol (designated as GBA) on hepatic cell line L02 injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Methods: L02 cells were incubated with 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, 60 µg/mL, 80 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL GBA for 24 hours, and then MTT assay was used to screen the cytotoxicity for GBA. Cells were divided into blank control group, CCl4/H2O2 model group, treated by CCl4 (20 mmol/L) or H2O2 (100 µmol/L); silymarin+CCl4/H2O2 group, treated by CCl4 (20 mmol/L) or H2O2 (100 µmol/L) and 5 µg/mL silymarin; GBA+CCl4/H2O2 group, treated by CCl4 (20 mmol/L) or H2O2 (100 µmol/L) and GBA (5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL).

Wnt/β-catenin coupled with HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways involved in galangin neurovascular unit protection from focal cerebral ischemia.

Microenvironmental regulation has become a promising strategy for complex disease treatment. The neurovascular unit (NVU), as the key structural basis to maintain an optimal brain microenvironment, has emerged as a new paradigm to understand the pathology of stroke. In this study, we investigated the effects of galangin, a natural flavonoid isolated from the rhizome of Alpina officinarum Hance, on NVU microenvironment improvement and associated signal pathways in rats impaired by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).