FgMsn2, a zinc finger transcription factor, regulates stress responses, pathogenicity and metabolism in wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum.

Environmental stress adaptation is crucial for the survival and pathogenicity of plant fungal pathogens. In this study, we identified a transcription factor FgMsn2 in Fusarium graminearum, an ortholog of Msn2 in budding yeast. Structural analysis showed that the C2H2 zinc-finger domain is highly conserved across fungi, while other regions are less conserved, suggesting that FgMsn2 may have species-specific functions.

Plant-Derived Monomers for Grey Hair Reversal Through Upregulation of Melanogenesis and Tyrosinase Activity.

Grey hair, a common ageing-associated phenomenon in humans, is mainly attributed to the damage of melanocytes and the absence of melanin. Grey hair has long been treated with traditional medicine, and new research has shown that various plant-derived monomers can increase tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis, indicating that they may have therapeutic value in curing grey hair. In this study, we outlined the role of melanin and pigmentation during hair growth and collected various medicinal plant monomers with the potential value of grey hair reversal.

MeJA inhibits fungal growth and DON toxin production by interfering with the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway in the wheat scab fungus .

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin primarily produced by species, is commonly found in cereal grains and poses risks to human and animal health, as well as global grain trade. This study demonstrates that methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a natural plant hormone, inhibits the growth and conidiation of . Importantly, MeJA significantly reduces DON production by suppressing gene expression and toxisome formation.

Characteristics, sources, and concentration prediction of endocrine disruptors in a large reservoir driven by hydrological rhythms: A case study of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.

Herein, we present the first systematic investigation to clarify the effect of hydrological rhythms on the concentrations and distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The results revealed that hydrological rhythms remarkably affected the PAH and PAE concentrations and distributions in the water body, wherein the PAH concentration peaked in the flood season while the PAE concentration remarkably increased in the dry season. This study represents methodological innovation, revealing significant heterogeneity of PAHs and PAEs across different water layers.

Distribution characteristics, sources and risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediments from the largest tributary of the Lancang River in the Tibet Plateau, China.

Angqu, positioned in the eastern expanse of the Tibet Plateau, claims the title of the largest tributary to the Lancang River. In October and December of 2018, in the sediment of Angqu, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on nine heavy metals-arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni). This investigation aimed to scrutinize the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of these metals, assess the pollution status and ecological risks associated with the sediments, and delve into the sources contributing to their presence.

The Characteristics of Adsorption of Di-n-Butyl Phthalate by Surface Sediment from the Three Gorges Reservoir.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), recognized as endocrine disruptors, are identified as predominant organic pollutants in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), a representative PAE, has been extensively studied for its sources, distribution and ecological risks. However, there are few studies on the adsorption of DBP by sediment from the TGR, and the adsorption characteristics of surface sediment on DBP are not clear.

Physical literacy and health of Chinese medical students: the chain mediating role of physical activity and subjective well-being.

Background/objective: While Physical Literacy has been highlighted as a determinant in health in recent study, there is a dearth of studies examining its effect on physical health, and there is a little in the way of empirical data linking Physical Literacy to health outcomes. Accordingly, further empirical research is needed to clarify the mechanisms by which Physical Literacy affects physical health. The purpose of this study was to verify the role of medical students' Physical Literacy on Health-related quality of life as well as to explore the chain mediating role of Physical Activity and Subjective Well-being in it.

The mediating effect of 24-h time-use behaviors on the relationship between depression and mortality: A compositional mediation analysis for survival outcomes.

Background: A compositional mediation model of survival outcomes was established to explore whether 24-h time-use behaviors mediate the relationship between depression and mortality.

Methods: 4137 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2006) were followed up to 2019. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the total effect of depression on mortality.

Down-regulation of connexin 43 contributes to structure and function of pulmonary artery in nicotine-administered mice.

Dysregulated connexin signaling is implicated in the pathophysiology of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Nicotine affects pulmonary vascular remodeling. However, the potential mechanistic link between connexin signaling and nicotine-induced pulmonary artery remodeling remains unclear.

The pharmacological properties and corresponding mechanisms of farrerol: a comprehensive review.

Context: Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb 'Man-shan-hong' [ L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma.

Objective: To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Up-regulation of nPKC contributes to proliferation of mice pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.

This study is designed to investigate the role of novel protein kinases C (nPKC) in mediating pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the underlying mechanisms. Mouse PASMCs was isolated using magnetic separation technology. The PASMCs were divided into 24 h group, 48 h group and 72 h group according to different hypoxia treatment time, then detected cell proliferation rate and nPKC expression level in each group.

Spatiotemporal distribution dynamics of heavy metals in water, sediment, and zoobenthos in mainstream sections of the middle and lower Changjiang River.

Water, sediment, and zoobenthos are crucial carriers and storage media for heavy metal migration and transformation. The distribution characteristics of heavy metals in water, sediment, and zoobenthos can reflect their pollution status and potential influences on the health of aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of monitoring data related to Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, Hg, and As in mainstream water, surface sediment, and zoobenthos at eight sections-from Wuhan to Shanghai-of the Changjiang River (also known as the Yangtze River) and historical monitoring data on heavy metal distributions in different environmental media of the Changjiang River since the 1980s, this study undertook systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution dynamics, pollution levels, and corresponding environmental risks related to heavy metals in water, sediment, and biota, and examined the effects of pollution source variations and water and sediment regimes on heavy metal distribution.

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface water of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China.

Heavy metal contamination in surface water of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) is a distinctly important issue for the water security of the Yangtze River Basin in China. Surface water samples of 46 river sections in the main stream and tributaries of the entire TGR area were collected during high and low water level operation periods of 2015 to 2016 to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) and assess their health risks. Results indicated that average concentrations of heavy metals in the surface water were lower than the threshold values for the first-grade water quality based on the Chinese standard of GB3838-2002 except for Zn.

Spatial variations and periodic changes in heavy metals in surface water and sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China.

Substantial changes have occurred in hydrological situation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) after the operation of the Three Gorges project, as have the heavy metals (HMs) pollution characteristics. In this study, concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cd in surface water and sediments of the TGR were determined during the water impoundment period (December 2015) and water drawdown period (June 2016). The index of geoaccumulation, principal component analysis (PCA), and correlation analysis were used to analyze HMs pollution characteristics.

Influence of turbid flood water release on sediment deposition and phosphorus distribution in the bed sediment of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China.

Excessive phosphorus (P) loading was identified as an urgent problem during the post-Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) period. Turbid water with high suspended sediment loads has been periodically released during the flood season to mitigate sediment deposition in the TGR, but limited attention has been paid to its effect on the distribution of P in bed sediment within the reservoir. In this study, field surveys, historical monitoring data related to sediment deposition, and physiochemical properties and the fractional P content in the mainstream surface sediment and representative column sediment, were used to investigate the effect of turbid flood water release on P distribution in bed sediment.

Efficiency and mechanism of the phytoremediation of decabromodiphenyl ether-contaminated sediments by aquatic macrophyte Scirpus validus.

Phytoremediation is an economic and promising technique for removing toxic pollutants from the environment. Freshwater sediments are regarded as the ultimate sink of the widely used PBDE congener decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in the environment. In the study, the aquatic macrophyte Scirpus validus was selected to remove BDE-209 from three types of sediments (silt, clay, and sand) at an environmentally relevant concentration.

Loss-tolerant measurement-device-independent quantum private queries.

Quantum private queries (QPQ) is an important cryptography protocol aiming to protect both the user's and database's privacy when the database is queried privately. Recently, a variety of practical QPQ protocols based on quantum key distribution (QKD) have been proposed. However, for QKD-based QPQ the user's imperfect detectors can be subjected to some detector- side-channel attacks launched by the dishonest owner of the database.

Folic Acid Supports Pluripotency and Reprogramming by Regulating LIF/STAT3 and MAPK/ERK Signaling.

Pluripotent stem cells act as an excellent cell source for disease therapy because of its specific characteristics of self-renewal and differentiation. Pluripotent stem cells are heterogeneous, consisting of naive stem cells as well as primed epiblast stem cells. However, the strategies and mechanisms of maintaining naive pluripotent stem cells remain unclear.

Effects of electrolysis by low-amperage electric current on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa.

Effects of electrolysis by low-amperage electric current on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated in order to reveal the mechanisms of electrolytic inhibition of algae. Threshold of current density was found under a certain initial no. of algae cell.

[Characteristics and comparative study of a new drinking-water defluoridation adsorbent Bio-F].

To evaluate the application potentiality pf a new type drinking-water defluoridation adsorbent Bio-F, comparative study on the defluoridation characteristics of common adsorbents activated alumina (AA), bone char (BC), activated clinoptilolite (AC) with Bio-F was conducted. The defluoridation characteristics under different conditions, such as particle diameter, pH, retention time, fluorine concentration, regeneration stability, were investigated by continuous-flow column experiments and static tests. The defluoridation efficiency of high fluoride underground water by four types of adsorbents was also compared.