Ruxolitinib and decitabine plus a busulfan-cyclophosphamide conditioning regimen for relapse prophylaxis in patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes.

Purpose: Relapse remains the leading cause of treatment failure in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome-IB (MDS-IB) patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Ruxolitinib has demonstrated antileukemic activity , and decitabine has been found to be tolerable when combined with modified busulfan-cyclophosphamide (mBu/Cy) conditioning regimen. Here, we investigated the efficacy of ruxolitinib and decitabine plus a mBu/Cy conditioning regimen (Rux-Dec-mBu/Cy) in reducing relapse in high-risk AML/MDS patients ().

Optimizing anti-thymocyte globulin dosing in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: individualized approaches and clinical implications.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for hematologic malignancies. However, the initial clinical experience with allo-HSCT revealed a concerning prevalence of severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft failure. Subsequent randomized studies highlighted the role of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) in reducing acute and chronic GVHD and graft failure, although it did not improve overall survival.

A pragmatic monitoring model for risk of non-relapse mortality based on biomarkers in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

Biomarkers predict non-relapse mortality (NRM) primarily driven by acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), yet existing single time point models lack clinical adaptability. In a prospective observational multicentre Chinese cohort of 619 allo-HSCT patients, serum concentrations of suppressor of tumorigenesis 2 (ST2), regenerating islet-derived 3α, tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 were measured at multiple time points during the first 3 months post-transplantation. Cohorts were divided into modelling (n = 460, training/test) and validation (n = 159) sets.

[Characteristics of Gut Microbiota Changes and Their Relationship with Infectious Complications During Induction Chemotherapy in AML Patients].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota changes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing induction chemotherapy and to explore the relationship between infectious complications and gut microbiota.

Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 37 newly diagnosed AML patients at four time points: before induction chemotherapy, during chemotherapy, during the neutropenic phase, and during the recovery phase. Metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the dynamic changes in gut microbiota.

The pasteurized Weissella cibaria alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by modulation of intestinal mucus barrier and gut microbiota.

Background: Dysbiosis of intestinal microecology caused by sepsis plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI). As a postbiotic type, inactivated probiotic bacteria can regulate the gut microbiome. Pasteurized bacteria are considered safer than live bacteria in immune dysregulation disorders.

Gilteritinib maintenance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia with FLT3-internal tandem duplication mutation.

Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3-Internal Tandem Duplication (ITD) mutation have a poor prognosis and high risk of relapse, even after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Prevention of disease relapse remains a challenge. To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of gilteritinib maintenance therapy in R/R AML patients with FLT3-ITD mutation.

[Efficacy and Safety of Decitabine-Based Myeloablative Preconditioning Regimen for allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of decitabine-based myeloablative preconditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: The clinical characteristics and efficacy of 115 AML patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from August 2018 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 37 patients treated with decitabine conditioning regimen (decitabine group) and 78 patients without decitabine conditioning regimen (non-decitabine group). The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), non-relapse mortality (NRM) and graft versus host disease (GVHD) were analyzed.

Mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15 enhances the function of CD7CAR-T cells and reduces the release of cytokines for the therapy of T-cell malignancies.

Traditional therapies for relapsed/refractory T-cell malignancies, such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphomas, have limited efficacy. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown potential in treating hematologic malignancies, but challenges such as tumor immune evasion, CAR-T resistance, and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) hinder its clinical application. In this study, we generated CD7CAR-T cells by modifying naturally occurring CD7 negative T cells from human peripheral blood with a novel CD7 targeted CAR construct.

[METTL3-mediated mA modification promotes FOXO3 expression and anthracycline resistance in acute myeloid leukemia cells through autophagy regulation].

Objectives: To investigate the role of METTL3 and FOXO3 in anthracycline resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.

Methods: Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed in anthracycline-resistant and sensitive HL60 and K562 cells with lentivirus-mediated knockdown or overexpression of METTL3 and FOXO3. TCGA and GSE6891 datasets were used for analysis of the clinical and gene expression data of AMI patients.

The role of cut-off values for creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid in prognostic assessment of chronic heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) significantly harms patients and society, causing high mortality and reduced quality of life, straining healthcare systems; early identification and intervention are crucial for improving long-term prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 297 CHF patients. After collecting data on demographics, lab results, echocardiography, and comorbidities, ROC analysis was used to determine optimal cut-off values, followed by survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression to identify poor prognosis risk factors.

Phase 2 study of chidamide in combination with CAG and venetoclax-azacitidine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) respond poorly to standard induction therapy. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone-deacetylases (HDACs) are key regulators of gene expression in cells and have been investigated as important therapeutic targets. However, their effects remains unclear as induction therapy for AML.

Chidamide in Combination With DCAG With or Without Venetoclax for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Introduction: Currently, there are only a few avaailable treatment options for patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML).

Methods: We conducted a single-center, phase 1 prospective study (ChiCTR2200065634) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chidamide, demethylating drugs (azacitidine), cytarabine, aclacinomycin, and G-CSF plus venetoclax (CDCAG-VEN) in patients with R/R AML. The previous CDCAG regimen was used as a historical control to compare its efficacy and safety.

A phase 2 study of chidamide in combination with CAG and venetoclax-azacitidine in acute myeloid leukemia: Clinical safety, efficacy, and correlative analysis.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy characterized by elevated mortality. Epigenetic therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of AML. However, the clinical outcomes of the combination of multiple epigenetic agents and conventional chemotherapy remain unclear.

Ruxolitinib plus steroids for acute graft versus host disease: a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial.

Newly diagnosed patients with high-risk acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) often experience poor clinical outcomes and low complete remission rates. Ruxolitinib with corticosteroids showed promising efficacy in improving response and failure free survival in our phase I study. This study (ClinicalTrials.

Addition of ruxolitinib and decitabine to modified busulfan/cyclophosphamide conditioning regimen for prophylaxis relapse in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia: the phase 2 prospective study.

The prognosis of patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is dismal even after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with relapse remaining the leading cause of treatment failure. Here, we investigated whether ruxolitinib and decitabine plus modified busulfan-cyclophosphamide (mBu/Cy) conditioning could reduce relapse in high-risk AML after allo-HSCT. This prospective, single-arm, phase II trial enrolled 37 patients who received allo-HSCT between September 2020 and March 2022 at the First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital.

Similar Survival But Less Chronic GVHD in Antithymocyte Globulin-Based Myeloablative Haploidentical Transplant Compared With Matched Sibling Transplant for Adult T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma.

The annual number of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) is increasing steadily. Comparative studies about haplo-HCT versus HCT with HLA-matched sibling donors (MSD-HCT) have been tried in acute myeloid leukemia and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL). Few studies were reported in adult T-cell ALL (T-ALL).

Patients Beyond the Optimal Range of rATG-AUC Still Benefit from the Targeted Dosing Strategy in Unmanipulated Haplo-PBSCT.

Rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) is widely used in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to prevent graft failure and severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We developed a rATG-targeted dosing strategy based on the optimal areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of active rATG. This study compared the outcomes of the optimal AUC arm with nonoptimal AUC arm to assess the effect of the rATG-targeted dosing strategy.

Clonal Hematopoiesis-Associated Gene Mutations Affect Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in AML Patients.

BACKGROUND The relationship between clonal hematopoiesis (CH)-associated gene mutations and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been extensively studied since next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology became widely available. However, research has mainly focused on the relationship between donor CH mutations and transplant prognosis, and research into the relationship between CH mutations in the recipient and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is lacking. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed NGS results and their correlation with aGVHD and prognosis in 196 AML patients undergoing allo-HSCT.

[Effect of CD8 CD28 T Cells on Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation].

Objective: To investigate the effect of CD8 CD28 T cells on acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT).

Methods: The relationship between absolute count of CD8 CD28 T cells and aGVHD in 60 patients with malignant hematological diseases was retrospectively analyzed after haplo-HSCT, and the differences in the incidence rate of chronic graft-versus host disease(cGVHD), infection and prognosis between different CD8 CD28 T absolute cells count groups were compared.

Results: aGVHD occurred in 40 of 60 patients after haplo-HSCT, with an incidence rate of 66.

[Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Gene Mutation].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, coexisting gene mutations and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with gene mutation.

Methods: The clinical data of 370 newly diagnosed AML patients treated in our hospital from January 2008 to January 2021 was analyzed retrospectively, the next-generation sequencing technology was used to detect the mutated genes in those patients. The clinical characteristics of AML patients with mutations, the co-mutated genes of mutations, and the effect of mutation on prognosis were analyzed.

Upfront allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in first complete remission: a single-center study.

Background: Real-world data on outcomes of upfront allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) patients in first complete remission (CR1) is still lacking.

Methods: A single center retrospective study was conducted from 94 consecutive patients received their first allo-HCT between 2010 and 2021, which include 76 patients received upfront allo-HCT and 18 patients received allo-HCT in non-upfront settings.

Results: There were no significant differences in most variables.

Next-generation sequencing reveals relapse and leukemia-free survival risks in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia treated with CAG regimen combined with decitabine.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy whose prognosis is associated with several biomarkers. Decitabine, a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, combined with cytarabine, aclarubicin hydrochloride, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (DCAG), has been used in patients newly diagnosed with AML. This regimen has been especially used in older and fragile patients who are immunocompromised or have co-morbidities, as well as those with specific gene mutations.

The predictive value of laboratory parameters for no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction following primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis.

To date, the predictive role of laboratory indicators for the phenomenon of no flow is unclear. Hence, our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the association between laboratory parameters and the risk of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This, in turn, aims to offer valuable insights for early clinical prediction of no-reflow.