A Multimodal Strategy for Quality Control and Botanical Origin Traceability of Codonopsis Radix based on HPLC Fingerprints With Chemometric Analysis.

Codonopsis Radix (CR) is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the existence of three botanical origins in CR makes it challenging to ensure the quality of CR in the market. In this study, a method was developed to identify and analyze CR from different botanical origins, and their signature components were quantitatively compared.

Association between three-dimensional high-resolution MRI indicators and risk of vascular events in intracranial atherosclerotic disease patients.

Objective: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a leading cause of ischemic stroke worldwide. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association of three-dimensional high-resolution MRI (3D HR-MRI) characteristics related to intracranial plaques with the risk of vascular events in ICAD patients.

Methods: A comparison of demographics and intracranial plaque characteristics was conducted on intracranial atherosclerotic plaques in 43 asymptomatic ICAD patients, 31 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), and 113 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Surface-Engineering Cellulose Nanofibers via In Situ PEDOT Polymerization for Superior Thermoelectric Properties.

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are abundant and possess exceptional mechanical strength, but their intrinsic electrical insulation limits their application in wearable electronics. In this study, a versatile methodology is presented to produce highly conductive and durable CNFs through electrostatic potential-enhanced in situ polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Guided by molecular dynamics simulations, electrostatic interactions are controlled by tailoring the chain length of PEDOT, achieving homogeneous polymerization.

Iodide Salt-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Benzofuran-3(2)-ones with Acids and Amines Using Air as the Oxidant.

A novel catalytic protocol enables efficient, environmentally benign oxidative coupling of benzofuran-3(2)-ones with acids and amines. Employing iodide salts as catalysts and ambient air as the sole oxidant, this method delivers straightforward access to 2-acyloxyaminobenzofuran-3(2)-ones and α-ketoamides with a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and good yields. The approach further demonstrates utility in late-stage functionalization of complex pharmaceuticals, highlighting its synthetic potential.

Investigating the effects of mycoprotein and guar gum on postprandial glucose in type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is highly prevalent, particularly among south Asian populations, and diet is the first-line strategy to manage postprandial glucose (PG) response. Mycoprotein and guar gum reduce PG in normo-glycaemic people. This study investigates the independent and interactive effects of mycoprotein and guar gum on PG, insulin and appetite responses in white Europeans and south Asians with T2D.

Identification of a novel aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase gene in Morganella morganii from farm sewage.

Background: Aminoglycosides are important broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. When combined with β-lactam drugs, these agents can be used to treat severe infections such as those causing sepsis. Identifying additional resistance mechanisms will guarantee the successful application of aminoglycoside agents in clinical practice.

Modeling and experimental evaluation of biphasic enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of racemic equol.

The enantiomeric separation of chiral drugs remains a challenge for the pharmaceutical industry as the pharmacological activities of different isomers may differ, which can cause incalculable secondary effects in the diseases treatment. The highlight of this study is to develop a biphasic recognition chiral extraction (BRCE) platform utilized tartaric acids (TAs) and chiral ionic liquids (CILs) as the synergistic hydrophilic and hydrophobic chiral additives to enhance the extraction performance. The BRCE systems such as organic solvents, type and concentration of chiral additives, initial concentration of equol, extraction temperature, aqueous pH has been systematically investigated.

Bone mineral density surrounding the screw thread predicts the risk of pedicle screw loosening.

Background: Screw loosening remains a serious complication for patients undergoing pedicle screw fixation surgeries. An accurate risk prediction is significant for prevention of screw loosening through preoperative planning. In this study, we proposed a novel index, namely the bone mineral density surrounding the screw thread (thread BMD), and tested its predictability in screw loosening.

Fe diaspora titanium dioxide and graphene: A study of conductive powder materials and coating applications.

Developing new conductive primers to ensure electrostatic spraying is crucial in response to the call for lightweight production of new energy vehicles. We report a stabilized material, Fe-T/G, of Fe-doped TiO composite graphene synthesized by a simple hydrothermal and electrostatic self-assembly method. The resistivity decreases from 0.

Inhibition of PKM2 by shikonin impedes TGF-β1 expression by repressing histone lactylation to alleviate renal fibrosis.

Background: Macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) plays a significant role in the progression of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD), making inhibition of MMT a promising therapeutic strategy. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and its metabolite lactate are implicated in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis; however, the mechanisms through which they contribute to this process remain poorly understood.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of PKM2 inhibition by shikonin on renal fibrosis and the underly mechanisms.

Electrochemical Upgrading of Waste Polylactic Acid Plastic for the Coproduction of C Chemicals and Green Hydrogen.

Tandem alkali-catalyzed hydrolysis and alkaline electrolysis have gradually become appealing avenues for the reformation of polyester plastics into high-value-added chemicals and green hydrogen with remarkable environmental and economic benefits. In this study, an electrochemical upcycling strategy was developed for the electrocatalytic oxidation of polylactic acid (PLA) hydrolysate into valued C chemicals (i.e.

Polyethylene nanoplastics, tebuconazole and cadmium affect soil-wheat system by altering rhizosphere microenvironment under single or combined exposure.

Microplastics and nanoplastics (NPs) are pollutants of global concern. However, the understanding of the combined effects of NPs and other pollutants in the soil-plant system remains limited, particularly for polyethylene (PE), the primary component of agricultural films. This study investigated the effects of PE NPs (0.

[Development of an ELISA method for detection of antibodies against based on Mhp336 protein].

This study aims to establish an ELISA method with high specificity for the detection of antibodies against . Firstly, we constructed a recombinant strain BL21(DE3)-pET-32a(+)-mhp336 to express the recombinant protein Mhp336 and used the purified Mhp336 as the coating antigen. Then, we optimized the ELISA parameters, including antigen concentration, blocking buffer, blocking time, dilution of serum, incubation time with serum, secondary antibody dilution, secondary antibody incubation time, colorimetric reaction time, and cut-off value.

Hydrolyzed Chicken Meat Extract and Its Bioactive Cyclopeptides Protect Neural Function by Attenuating Inflammation and Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT and AMPK Pathways.

Cognitive decline is inevitable with age, and due to the lack of well-established pharmacotherapies for neurodegenerative disorders, dietary supplements have become important alternatives to ameliorate brain deterioration. Hydrolyzed chicken meat extract (HCE) and its bioactive components were previously found to improve neuroinflammation and cognitive decline by regulating microglia polarization. However, the effects and mechanisms of these bioactives on neurons remain unclear.

Pipersarmenoids, new amide alkaloids from Piper sarmentosum.

A chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Piper sarmentosum resulted in the isolation and identification of 14 amide alkaloids, including three new amide alkaloids, pipersarmenoids A - C (1-3), three new natural amide alkaloids, pipersarmenoids D - F (4-6), and 8 known analogues, N-p-coumaroyltyramine (7), piperlotine C (8), piperlotine D (9), pellitorine (10), sarmentine (11), aurantiamide acetate (12), 1-cinnamoyl pyrrolidine (13) and sarmentamide B (14). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR. The cytotoxicity, neuroinflammation-inhibiting and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of those compounds were tested.

Design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation and molecular docking study of novel pleuromutilin derivatives as antibacterial agents.

14 novel pleuromutilin derivatives were designed and synthesized as inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The modification was focused on the C22 position of pleuromutilin.

Cobalt based bimetallic catalysts for heterogeneous electro-Fenton adapting to vary pH for HEDP and MIT degradation.

Most of the materials studied as catalysts in the electro-Fenton system are variants of iron oxide or iron hydroxide. However, iron-based catalysts often exhibit weak catalytic capabilities under neutral and alkaline conditions. In this work, we synthesized three cobalt based bimetallic oxides, CoCuOx, CoAlOx, and CoNiOx, using hydrothermal method and evaluated them as catalysts for the heterogeneous electro-Fenton system to remove 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and Methylisothiazolinone [2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one] (MIT).

Serovar and sequence type distribution and phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of originating from pet animals in Chongqing, China.

A total of 334 isolates were recovered from 6,223 pet rectal samples collected at 50 pet clinics, 42 pet shops, 7 residential areas, and 4 plazas. Forty serovars were identified that included all strains except for one isolate that did not cluster via self-agglutination, with Typhimurium monophasic variant, Kentucky, Enteritidis, Pomona, and Give being the predominant serovars. Fifty-one sequence types were identified among the isolates, and ST198, ST11, ST19, ST451, ST34, and ST155 were the most common.

Toxicity effects and mechanism of micro/nanoplastics and loaded conventional pollutants on zooplankton: An overview.

Micro/nanoplastics in aquatic environments is a noteworthy environmental problem. Zooplankton, an important biological group in aquatic ecosystems, readily absorb micro/nanoplastics and produce a range of toxic endpoints due to their small size. This review summarises relevant studies on the effects of micro/nanoplastics on zooplankton, including combined effects with conventional pollutants.

Biological characteristics and pathogenicity comparison of isolated from and .

is the primary pathogen causing nocardiosis in various fish species, leads to significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. In this study, 10 bacterial strains isolated from and infected with nocardiosis, were identified as by physiological and biochemical identification, as well as 16S rDNA sequencing. Moreover, the key virulence-related genes such as ESX-1, T7SS-2, T7SS-3, EspG1, sodC, sod2 and ESAT6 were all positive, and showing high homology among different strains.

Depression Mediates the Association Between Burden and Quality of Life in Informal Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: Meta-analytic Structural Equation Modeling.

Objective: This study aims to use Meta-analytical structural equation modeling (MASEM) to clarify the relationship between burden, depression, and quality of life in informal caregivers of stroke survivors.

Data Sources: The databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wan Fang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Database were comprehensively searched before January 16, 2023.

Study Selection: Two researchers performed an independent initial search by using a unified search strategy.

Nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing based on the Sagnac effect and two-tone driving.

We propose a scheme for generating nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing by using two-tone lasers to drive a spinning optomechanical system. For given driving frequencies, strong mechanical squeezing of the breathing mode in the spinning resonator can be achieved in a chosen driving direction but not in the other. The nonreciprocity originates from the Sagnac effect caused by the resonator's spinning.

Glaucatotones A-I: Guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Lindera glauca with anti-inflammatory activity.

Glaucatotones A - I, nine new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, along with two reported compounds, namely (1β,5β)-1-hydroxyguaia-4(15),11(13)-dieno-12,5-lactone (10) and pseudoguaianelactone C (11), were isolated from the roots of Lindera glauca. The structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Structurally, glaucatotone A (1) is characterized as a dihomosesquiterpenoid with an unprecedented 5/5/7/6 ring system.

Imaging investigation of cervicocranial artery dissection by using high resolution magnetic resonance VWI and MRA: qualitative and quantitative analysis at different stages.

Background: To explore the value of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and high resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HRMR-VWI) in cervicocranial artery dissection (CCAD) for the disease diagnosis, course staging and treatment. On the basis of qualitative evaluation, this study also extract the changes of different stages in vessel wall in different vessel segments to identify imaging indicators for the quantitative evaluation of CCAD.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 34 patients with CCAD (38branches) with conventional MRA and HRMR-VWI examinations.