Exercise-Induced Stimulation of Self-Powered Nanofibers for Aspirin/Lysine Delivery in the Prevention of Denervated Muscle Atrophy.

Denervation-induced muscle atrophy causes a 40-50% reduction in muscle fiber size within 2 weeks. This negatively impacts muscle quality and function. Oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce muscle atrophy by 20%.

Immunoinformatics-Driven Design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Targeting Simian Virus VP1 Major Capsid Protein for Oncogenic Viral Infection Prevention.

Simian Virus (SV) 40 is a DNA virus that remains dormant in the body but occasionally induces tumours in animals. Evidence indicates that SV40 could be crucial in developing certain human cancers. There is no commercial vaccine available against SV40.

Engineered Radiative Cooling Systems for Thermal-Regulating and Energy-Saving Applications.

Highlights: This review thoroughly encapsulates the contemporary advancements in radiative cooling systems, from materials to applications. Comprehensive discussion of the fundamental concepts of radiative cooling systems, engineered materials, thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices. The review critically evaluates the obstacles confronting radiative cooling systems, offering insightful and forward-looking solutions to shape the future trajectory of the discipline.

Microneedle-based sustained release delivery of TNF-α/IL-6R dual-specific fenobody alleviates inflammation and promotes bone regeneration in rheumatoid arthritis rat model.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory imbalance. The cytokine-targeted therapy is a non-traditional form of RA treatment that is mighty effective but poses the challenge of pharmaceutical storage conditions, professional injection, frequent injection administrations and poor patient adherence, and due to individual differences in sensitivity to TNF-α and IL-6R, monotherapy with a single antibody is effective in fewer than 30 % of cases. Hence, to address these issues, we have developed a macromolecule polymer GelMA microneedle sustained-release platform for transdermal delivery of a dual-specific fenobody targeting TNF-α and IL-6R in an arthritic rat model.

Whole proteome-integrated and vaccinomics-based next generation mRNA vaccine design against Pseudomonas aeruginosa-A hierarchical subtractive proteomics approach.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen responsible for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), leading to cancer. Developing an efficacious vaccine remains the most promising strategy for combating P.

Cocooning Wound for Healing.

Wound healing is highly sensitive to environmental conditions. Under solar radiation, elevated wound temperatures and UV-rays can induce oxidative stress, disrupt the wound environment, provoke inflammation, and even cause thermal injury. Lower wound temperatures may hinder angiogenesis and immune function, thus delaying recovery.

Thermal Transfer Printed Flexible and Wearable Bionic Skin with Bilayer Nanofiber for Comfortable Multimodal Health Management.

The advent of bionic skin sensors represents a significant leap forward in the realm of wearable health monitoring technologies. Existing bionic skin technologies face several limitations, including complex and expensive manufacturing processes, low wearing comfort, and challenges in achieving comfortable real-time health monitoring. These shortcomings hinder the widespread adoption and practical utility of bionic skin in various applications.

Myriocin enhances the clearance of by macrophages through the activation of PLIN2.

Myriocin is an inhibitor of synthesis of sphingolipids and ceramides. In this research, we showed myriocin could significantly reduce Mtb burden and histopathological inflammation in mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Fluid Unidirectional Transport Induced by Structure and Ambient Elements across Porous Materials: From Principles to Applications.

Spontaneous or nonspontaneous unidirectional fluid transport across multidimension can occur under specific structural designs and ambient elements for porous materials. While existing reviews have extensively summarized unidirectional fluid transport on surfaces, there is an absence of literature summarizing fluid's unidirectional transport across porous materials. This review introduces wetting phenomena observed on natural biological surfaces or porous structures.

Hepatitis C virus subtype diversity and transmission clusters characteristics among drug users in Zhuhai, South China.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a major public health challenge globally, especially among injecting drug users. China has the world's largest burden of HCV infections. However, little is known about the characteristics of transmission networks among drug user populations.

Electrosprayed Environment-Friendly Dry Triode-Like Facial Masks for Skincare.

The cosmetics industry has a worrying impact on the environment, including the plastics used in products and packaging and environmentally unfriendly additives. In this study, we present an environment-friendly triode-like facial mask (TFM) that utilizes only green and degradable raw materials, nontoxic and harmless solvents, and electric energy to achieve distinct switchable directional water transport properties, avoids a wet storage environment, and reduces excessive packaging. The TFM demonstrates droplet stability when not in contact with the skin while facilitating rapid liquid transfer (15 μL) within durations of 2.

Bioinspired Hierarchical Multi-Protective Membrane for Extreme Environments via Co-Electrospinning-Electrospray Strategy.

Extreme environments can cause severe harm to human health, and even threaten life safety. Lightweight, breathable clothing with multi-protective functions would be of great application value. However, integrating multi-protective functions into nanofibers in a facile way remains a great challenge.

The global transcriptomes of Salmonella enterica serovars Gallinarum, Dublin and Enteritidis in the avian host.

Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum causes Fowl Typhoid in poultry, and it is host specific to avian species. The reasons why S. Gallinarum is restricted to avians, and at the same time predominately cause systemic infections in these hosts, are unknown.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis hijacks host TRIM21- and NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy to enhance intracellular growth.

Ferritin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis in macrophages, has been reported to confer host defenses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) was recently identified as a cargo receptor in ferritin degradation. Here, we show that Mtb infection enhanced NCOA4-mediated ferritin degradation in macrophages, which in turn increased the bioavailability of iron to intracellular Mtb and therefore promoted bacterial growth.

Construction of a risk model and deep learning network based on patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary inflammation.

Most patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are difficult to be differentiated from pneumonia (PN), especially those with acid-fast bacillus smear-negative (AFB) and interferon-γ release assay-positive (IGRA) results. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop a risk model of low-cost and rapid test for the diagnosis of AFB IGRA TB from PN. A total of 41 laboratory variables of 204 AFB IGRA TB and 156 PN participants were retrospectively analyzed.

A Digital Microfluidic RT-qPCR Platform for Multiple Detections of Respiratory Pathogens.

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has spread worldwide and caused more than six million deaths globally. Therefore, a timely and accurate diagnosis method is of pivotal importance for controlling the dissemination and expansions. Nucleic acid detection by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method generally requires centralized diagnosis laboratories and skilled operators, significantly restricting its use in rural areas and field settings.

Evaluations of the serological test in the diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections during the COVID-19 outbreak.

We developed a chemiluminescence immunoassay method based on the recombinant nucleocapsid antigen and assessed its performance for the clinical diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infections by detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in patients. Full-length recombinant nucleocapsid antigen and tosyl magnetic beads were used to develop the chemiluminescence immunoassay approach. Plasmas from 29 healthy cohorts, 51 tuberculosis patients, and 79 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients were employed to evaluate the chemiluminescence immunoassay method performance for the clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Dynamics and Outcome of Macrophage Interaction Between Gallinarum, Typhimurium, and Dublin and Macrophages From Chicken and Cattle.

Gallinarum only infects avian species, where it causes a severe systemic infection in birds of all ages. It is generally accepted that interaction with phagocytic cells plays an important role in the development of systemic, host-specific infections. The current study detailed the interaction of .

Interaction Differences of the Avian Host-Specific Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum, the Host-Generalist . Typhimurium, and the Cattle Host-Adapted . Dublin with Chicken Primary Macrophage.

Most serovars cause disease in many host species, while a few serovars have evolved to be host specific. Very little is known about the mechanisms that contribute to host specificity. We compared the interactions between chicken primary macrophages (CDPM) and host-generalist serovar serovar Typhimurium, host-adapted serovar Dublin, and avian host-specific serovar Gallinarum.

The SPI-19 encoded type-six secretion-systems (T6SS) of Salmonella enterica serovars Gallinarum and Dublin play different roles during infection.

Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands 19 (SPI19) encodes a type VI secretion system (T6SS). SPI19 is only present in few serovars of S. enterica, including the host-adapted serovar S.

2 Transcriptional Regulator TstS Stimulates Cytokine Production and Bacteremia to Promote Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome.

Two large-scale outbreaks of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS) have revealed 2 to be a severe and evolving human pathogen. We investigated the mechanism by which 2 causes STSLS. The transcript abundance of the transcriptional regulator gene was found to be upregulated during experimental infection.