Astragaloside IV Pretreatment Alleviates Pulmonary Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 Pathway in Rats.

Background and aim Our previous study confirmed that ASIV can protect the lung from ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether ASIV attenuates PIRI by inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κBp65 pathway. Experimental procedure In vitro, the protection of ASIV, TAK-242, NAC, and DEX to OGD/R-induced cell injury was compared.

The impact of perioperative anesthesia management-induced immunosuppression on postoperative cancer recurrence and metastasis: a narrative review.

Perioperative anesthesia management not only ensures safe and smooth surgery, but its potential immunomodulatory function has also triggered close attention from many researchers. Surgical/anesthetic drugs can cause immunosuppression characterized by decreased natural killer (NK) cell activity, suppression of helper T cell (Th1) function, and imbalance of pro-inflammatory factors. The immunosuppressive microenvironment allows residual cancer cells to evade recognition by the host immune system, resulting in proliferation and distant metastasis.

Microplastic pollution threatens mangrove carbon sequestration capacity.

Microplastics are a pervasive environmental pollutant, altering microbial communities and disrupting global biogeochemical cycles. Mangrove forests, critical blue carbon habitats, are significant sinks for microplastic accumulation, yet they also cycle large amounts of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The effect of plastic pollution on methane dynamics in these vital habitats remains, however, poorly understood.

Macrophage Vesicles-Loaded NIR-II AIEgens for Precise In Situ Fluorescence Imaging of Atherosclerosis.

Precise diagnosis of atherosclerosis (AS) is a crucial strategy for reducing acute cardiovascular events. Herein, a macrophage membrane (MM)-camouflaged biomimetic vesicle loaded with near-infrared-II (NIR-II) aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) (P4TT@MM) is proposed to achieve localized in vivo imaging of atherosclerosis. The AIEgens characteristics of P4TT@MM effectively compensate for the fluorescence intensity decrease caused by the intramolecular torsional charge transfer (TICT) effect, even in foam cell-rich lesions.

OsbHLH062 negatively regulates Fe homeostasis by enhancing OsHRZ1 targeting OsPRIs for degradation.

Iron (Fe) is crucial for plant growth and development, and many transcription factors are involved in the maintenance of Fe homeostasis. In rice Fe signaling, the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) IVc proteins (OsPRI1/OsbHLH060, OsPRI2/OsbHLH058, OsPRI3/OsbHLH059, and OsPRI4/OsbHLH057) act as positive regulators, while Oryza sativa IRON-RELATED BHLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 3 (OsIRO3/OsbHLH063) functions as a negative regulator. Additionally, HEMERYTHRIN MOTIF-CONTAINING REALLY INTERESTING NEW GENE AND ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN1 (OsHRZ1) plays a role in targeting OsPRIs for degradation.

PAD2 disturbs cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis by citrullinating SERCA2a protein in hemorrhagic shock induced arrhythmia.

Background: Malignant arrhythmia induced by traumatic hemorrhage is a leading cause of early mortality in hemorrhagic shock. Understanding the mechanisms driving these arrhythmias and identifying therapeutic targets are critical for improving early survival in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples from patients with hemorrhagic shock were collected and analyzed for peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) protein levels using ELISA.

Associations Between Serum Sodium, Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis, and Mortality in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).

Rationale & Objective: The clinical consequences of hyponatremia among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) are poorly understood. This study sought to evaluate the association of variations in serum sodium with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis and death.

Study Design: Multicenter observational cohort study.

Mitophagy-mediated S1P facilitates muscle adaptive responses to endurance exercise through SPHK1-S1PR1/S1PR2 in slow-twitch myofibers.

Endurance exercise triggers adaptive responses especially in slow-twitch myofibers of skeletal muscles, leading to the remodeling of myofiber structure and the mitochondrial network. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these adaptive responses, with a focus on the fiber type-specific perspective, remains largely unknown. In this study we analyzed the alterations of transcriptomics and metabolomics in distinct skeletal myofibers in response to endurance exercise.

Thromboembolic Events in the Hemodialysis Setting: Understanding Risk Profiles and Cumulative Incidences to Inform Clinical Trial Design.

Background: People with kidney failure have a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity/death, including thromboembolic events. Factor XIa inhibitors are a new class of anticoagulants in development that may offer antithrombotic benefits with a lower risk of incremental bleeding events than traditional therapies. We investigated major adverse vascular events (MAVEs), a relevant composite outcome for testing novel antithrombotic agents, in a large cohort of patients on hemodialysis, to better understand the key requirements to adequately design a phase 3 trial.

Effects of initial peritoneal dialysis prescription on clinical outcomes in Japanese peritoneal dialysis patients: a cohort study.

Effects of the initial peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescription on clinical outcomes are unknown in Japan. We conducted a cohort study using data from Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. The patients were divided into two groups by the volume of the initial PD prescription (≤ 4 L/day or > 4 L/day).

Analysis of quantile regression for race time in standard distance triathlons.

Purpose: This study aims to quantitatively analyze the impact of split times on overall performance in standard distance triathlon events. It also examines how environmental factors such as water type, temperature, and altitude affect overall race outcomes.

Methods: Quantile regression was employed to analyze the race records of 1,580 triathletes participating in 46 standard distance events in China.

Incorporation of Calcimimetics into End-Stage Kidney Disease Bundle: Changes in Etelcalcetide Utilization and Parathyroid Hormone Control following End of Transitional Drug Add-On Payment Adjustment Designation.

Key Points: After incorporation into the bundle in 2021, etelcalcetide use decreased substantially, reflecting financial incentives to restrict access. Etelcalcetide discontinuers had a swift and sustained increase in parathyroid hormone and loss of secondary hyperparathyroidism control, despite most switching to cinacalcet. These findings have US policy implications not only for etelcalcetide and parathyroid hormone but also for future development of innovative therapies in dialysis.

A Bioinformatic Strategy for Investigating the Mechanism of Hispolon in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Combined with In vitro Experiments.

Background: Hispolon, a phenolic compound isolated from the medicinal yellow fungal mulberry, exhibits a strong anti-triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) effect. However, the antitumor mechanisms of Hispolon have not been fully explored.

Objective: In this study, we systematically investigated the mechanism of Hispolon against TNBC based on bioinformatics and in vitro experiments.

Prognostic prediction of patients having classical papillary thyroid carcinoma with a 4 mRNA-based risk model.

The dysregulation of protein-coding genes involved in various biological functions is closely associated with the progression of thyroid cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dysregulated gene expressions on the prognosis of classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (cPTC). Using expression profiling datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we performed differential expression analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Alkaline Phosphatase and Parathyroid Hormone Levels: International Variation and Associations With Clinical Outcomes in the DOPPS.

Introduction: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) increases the risk of fractures and cardiovascular (CV) disease in patients on hemodialysis (HD). The relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and outcomes has been inconsistent, possibly due to variable bone responsiveness to PTH. The KDIGO guideline suggests monitoring total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), but the role of ALP versus PTH in the management of mineral and bone disorder (MBD) is not clear.

Clinical Analysis of Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Combined with Brain-Temporal Muscle Sticking in the Treatment of Chronic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion.

Objective: NHISS score, MMSE scale, craniocerebral CTA or DSA, and craniocerebral magnetic resonance 3D-ASL were used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) shunt combined with cranial-muscular-merging (EMS) in the treatment of symptomatic chronic internal carotid artery occlusion.

Methods: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 15 patients with symptomatic chronic internal carotid artery occlusion who received STA-MCA shunt combined with EMS treatment at Weifang Brain Hospital and Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from July 2016 to December 2020. The patients' neurological and cognitive functions were evaluated by NHISS score and MMSE examination before surgery and 6 months after surgery.

A study of triathletes' race strategies in different competition environments.

What is known, sports performance is impacted by a variety of factors. While most people understand the importance of training, proper nutrition, and adequate rest, not as many recognize the impact of environmental factors on athletic performance. This paper investigates the race strategies of Chinese triathletes in different competition environments, with a focus on the performance of professional triathletes during the Olympic Distance Triathlon held in China between 2015 and 2021.

Using kin discrimination to construct synthetic microbial communities of Bacillus subtilis strains impacts the growth of black soldier fly larvae.

Using synthetic microbial communities to promote host growth is an effective approach. However, the construction of such communities lacks theoretical guidance. Kin discrimination is an effective means by which strains can recognize themselves from non-self, and construct competitive microbial communities to produce more secondary metabolites.

Sintilimab Plus Chemotherapy for Unresectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: The ORIENT-16 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers are diagnosed in more than 1 million people worldwide annually, and few effective treatments are available. Sintilimab, a recombinant human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), in combination with chemotherapy, has demonstrated promising efficacy.

Objective: To compare overall survival of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers who were treated with sintilimab with chemotherapy vs placebo with chemotherapy.

IRON MAN interacts with Cu-DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 to maintain copper homeostasis.

Copper (Cu) is essential for plant growth and development. IRON MAN (IMA) is a family of small peptides that can bind both iron (Fe) and Cu ions. It was reported that IMAs mediate Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Gastric Acid Suppression Therapy and Its Association with Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).

Key Points: In a large multinational cohort of PD patients, any GAS use was not associated with an increased risk of all-organism peritonitis. For peritonitis, risks were particularly high among certain classes of organisms particularly for Gram-negative, enteric, and streptococcal peritonitis episodes. The association with enteric peritonitis appeared to be stronger among H2RA users.