The Chinese National Twin Registry: A Unique Data Source for Systems Epidemiology of Complex Disease.

The Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), initiated in 2001, has now become the largest twin registry in Asia. From 2015 to 2018, the CNTR continued to receive Chinese government funding and had recruited 61,566 twin-pairs by 2019 to study twins discordant for specific exposures such as environmental factors, and twins discordant for disease outcomes or measures of morbidity. Omic data, including genetics, genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics, and gut microbiome will be tested.

Early famine exposure and adult disease risk based on a 10-year prospective study of Chinese adults.

Objective: To comprehensively examine the potential impacts of prenatal experience of the Chinese Great Famine on chronic disease risks in the middle age.

Methods: This study included 92 284 participants aged 39-51 years from China Kadoorie Biobank born around the famine period and without major chronic diseases at baseline. We categorised participants into non-famine births (born between 1 October 1956 and 30 September 1958, and 1 October 1962 and 30 September 1964) and famine births (born between 1 October 1959 and 30 September 1961).

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Pyrethroid Pesticides from Environmental Water Samples Using Deep Eutectic Solvent-type Surfactant Modified Magnetic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8.

A simple, sensitive and effective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) technique was developed for the extraction of pyrethroid pesticides from environmental water samples, followed by gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry determination. An adsorbent of magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8@deep eutectic solvent (M-ZIF-8@DES) was prepared using deep eutectic solvent coated on the surface of M-ZIF-8. The features of M-ZIF-8@DES were confirmed by material characterizations, and the results indicated that M-ZIF-8@DES has a good magnetism (61.

Insomnia symptoms and risk of cardiovascular diseases among 0.5 million adults: A 10-year cohort.

Objective: To examine the associations of individual insomnia symptoms with risks of incident cardio-cerebral vascular diseases (CVD) and possible moderating factors among Chinese adults.

Methods: The China Kadoorie Biobank is a prospective cohort study that recruited participants from 10 areas across China. Data from 487,200 adults 30 to 79 years of age who were free of stroke, coronary heart disease, and cancer at baseline were analyzed.

Problem drinking, wellbeing and mortality risk in Chinese men: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank.

Aims: To assess the associations of problem drinking with wellbeing and mortality in Chinese men.

Design: Population-based prospective cohort study.

Setting: Ten diverse areas across China.

Adherence to a healthy lifestyle and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults: a 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million people.

Background: Adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with substantially lower risks of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer in white populations. However, little is known about the health benefits among non-white populations. Also, no previous studies have focused on respiratory disease mortality in both white and non-white populations.

Solid fuels for cooking and tobacco use and risk of major chronic liver disease mortality: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.

Background: Harmful substances in solid fuel and tobacco smoke are believed to enter the bloodstream via inhalation and to be metabolized in the liver, leading to chronic liver damage. However, little is known about the independent and joint effects of solid fuel use and smoking on risks of chronic liver disease (CLD) mortality.

Methods: During 2004-08, ∼0.

Direct fabrication of two-dimensional ReS on SiO/Si substrate by a wide-temperature-range atomic layer deposition.

The building of high-quality, especially thickness-controllable ReS, is the crux of researching it and developing its wider application. In this work, ultrathin (1-5 layers) ReS with controllable thickness and improved quality is obtained on SiO/Si substrates, using wide-temperature-range (WTR) atomic layer deposition (ALD). First, a WTR ALD system for building thin films and in situ annealing is constructed.

An Effective Cumulative Torsion Angles Model for Prediction of Protein Folding Rates.

Background: Protein folding rate is mainly determined by the size of the conformational space to search, which in turn is dictated by factors such as size, structure and amino-acid sequence in a protein. It is important to integrate these factors effectively to form a more precisely description of conformation space. But there is no general paradigm to answer this question except some intuitions and empirical rules.

Association Between Active Commuting and Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in Chinese: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background Active commuting is related to a higher level of physical activity but more exposure to ambient air pollutants. With the rather serious air pollution in urban China, we aimed to examine the association between active commuting and risk of incident cardiovascular disease in the Chinese population. Methods and Results A total of 104 170 urban commuters without major chronic diseases at baseline were included from China Kadoorie Biobank.

Light Confinement Effect Induced Highly Sensitive, Self-Driven Near-Infrared Photodetector and Image Sensor Based on Multilayer PdSe /Pyramid Si Heterojunction.

In this study, a highly sensitive and self-driven near-infrared (NIR) light photodetector based on PdSe /pyramid Si heterojunction arrays, which are fabricated through simple selenization of predeposited Pd nanofilm on black Si, is demonstrated. The as-fabricated hybrid device exhibits excellent photoresponse performance in terms of a large on/off ratio of 1.6 × 10 , a responsivity of 456 mA W , and a high specific detectivity of up to 9.

Vitamin D and cause-specific vascular disease and mortality: a Mendelian randomisation study involving 99,012 Chinese and 106,911 European adults.

Background: Randomised control trials and genetic analyses have demonstrated that vitamin D or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels may not play a causal role in the development of cardiovascular disease. However, it is unclear if 25(OH)D is causally associated with cause-specific vascular disease and lipids. Therefore, we examined the causal association of 25(OH)D with myocardial infarction, stroke, ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, and lipid levels among both Chinese and Europeans.

Physical Activity, Sedentary Leisure Time, Circulating Metabolic Markers, and Risk of Major Vascular Diseases.

Background: Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the relevance of circulating metabolites for these associations.

Methods: A nested case-control study within the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank included 3195 incident CVD cases (2057 occlusive CVD and 1138 intracerebral hemorrhage) and 1465 controls aged 30 to 79 years without prior CVD or statin use at baseline.

Co and Fe Codoped WO as Alkaline-Solution-Available Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalyst to Construct Photovoltaic Water Splitting System with Solar-To-Hydrogen Efficiency of 16.9.

Oxygen evolution electrode is a crucial component of efficient photovoltaic-water electrolysis systems. Previous work focuses mainly on the effect of electronic structure modulation on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of 3d-transition-metal-based electrocatalyst. However, high-atomic-number W-based compound with complex electronic structure for versatile modulation is seldom explored because of its instability in OER-favorable alkaline solution.

A beta-cyclodextrin-functionalized magnetic metal organic framework for efficient extraction and determination of prochloraz and triazole fungicides in vegetables samples.

A β-cyclodextrin-functionalized magnetic zinc-metal organic framework (M-MOF/β-CD) was synthesized via a facile one-pot reaction. M-MOF/β-CD was used as a magnetic porous absorbent for the extraction and determination of prochloraz and three triazole fungicides in vegetable samples. M-MOF/β-CD was prepared by creating MOF layers on the surface of a FeO-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite and bonding them with β-CD molecules.

[Methylation of CHD5 Gene Promoter Regulates p19/p53/p21 Pathway to Facilitate Pathogenesis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the methylation status of CHD5 gene promoter in bone marrow from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and the underlying mechanism for initiating the pathogenesis of AML via p19/p53/p21 pathway.

Methods: Methylation status of the CHD5 gene promoter was detected by using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR) in bone marrow from AML patients, and the iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) samples were served as control. The expression of CHD5, p19, p53 and p21 was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot.

Genetic Predisposition to Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases Among 160,000 Chinese Adults.

In observational studies, type 2 diabetes is associated with two- to fourfold higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Using data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), we examined associations of genetically predicted type 2 diabetes with CVD among ∼160,000 participants to assess whether these relationships are causal. A type 2 diabetes genetic risk score (comprising 48 established risk variants) was associated with the presence of carotid plaque (odds ratio 1.

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and Its Metabolites from Environmental Water Samples Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 as Sorbent.

As persistent organic pollutants, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and their metabolites pose considerable risks to human health and the environment. Therefore, monitoring DDTs in the environment is essential. Here, we developed a green, simple, and effective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with gas chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry to determine the DDT content of environmental water samples.

Identification of risk loci and a polygenic risk score for lung cancer: a large-scale prospective cohort study in Chinese populations.

Background: Genetic variation has an important role in the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, genetic factors for lung cancer have not been fully identified, especially in Chinese populations, which limits the use of existing polygenic risk scores (PRS) to identify subpopulations at high risk of lung cancer for prevention. We therefore aimed to identify novel loci associated with NSCLC risk, and generate a PRS and evaluate its utility and effectiveness in the prediction of lung cancer risk in Chinese populations.

Recent Advances and Perspectives of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Fluorescent Sensors in Food and Environment Analysis.

Molecular imprinting technology (MIT), also known as molecular template technology, is a new technology involving material chemistry, polymer chemistry, biochemistry, and other multi-disciplinary approaches. This technology is used to realize the unique recognition ability of three-dimensional crosslinked polymers, called the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). MIPs demonstrate a wide range of applicability, good plasticity, stability, and high selectivity, and their internal recognition sites can be selectively combined with template molecules to achieve selective recognition.

Involvement of mind the gap in the organization of the tracheal apical extracellular matrix in Drosophila and Nilaparvata lugens.

The tracheal apical extracellular matrix (aECM) is vital for expansion of the tracheal lumen and supports the normal structure of the lumen to guarantee air entry and circulation in insects. Although it has been found that some cuticular proteins are involved in the organization of the aECM, unidentified factors still exist. Here, we found that mind the gap (Mtg), a predicted chitin-binding protein, is required for the normal formation of the apical chitin matrix of airway tubes in the model holometabolous insect Drosophila melanogaster.

The distribution and correlates of self-rated health in elderly Chinese: the China Kadoorie Biobank study.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) have been widely used as a valid indicator of health status at the population and individual level. We aimed to investigate the distribution and correlates of global SRH and age-comparative SRH in elderly Chinese.

Methods: Survey of 57,693 men and 67,089 women aged 60 years and above was conducted in five rural (Gansu, Sichuan, Hunan, Henan, Zhejiang) and five urban areas (Heilongjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Hainan) in China between 2004 and 2008.

Associations Between Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Risk of All Cancer Types.

Importance: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been identified as a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the associations between HBV infection and other cancer types are not well understood.

Objective: To assess the associations between chronic HBV infection and risk of all cancer types.

Family History, Tobacco Smoking, and Risk of Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Both genetic factors and smoking are associated with ischemic stroke (IS) risk. However, little is known about the potential interaction of these factors. We aimed to assess whether smoking and a positive family history interact to increase the risk of IS.

Association between tea consumption and risk of cancer: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.

Current experimental and epidemiological studies provide inconsistent evidence toward the association between tea consumption and cancer incidence. We investigated whether tea consumption was associated with the incidence of all cancers and six leading types of cancer (lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer and cervix uteri cancer) among 455,981 participants aged 30-79 years in the prospective cohort China Kadoorie Biobank. Tea consumption was assessed at baseline (2004-2008) with an interviewer-administered questionnaire.