The DIR Gene Family in Watermelon: Evolution, Stress Expression Profiles, and Functional Exploration of .

Dirigent proteins (DIR) are involved in lignan biosynthesis, stress responses, and disease resistance in plants. However, systematic characterization of the DIR gene family in watermelon () remains limited. Here, we identified 22 genes in watermelon using bioinformatics methods, designated to , which were unevenly distributed across eight chromosomes and classified into three subfamilies (DIR-a, DIR-b/d, DIR-e) based on phylogenetic analysis, with DIR-b/d being the largest.

Transcriptome to reveal the immunological defenses in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) skin with LPS and poly (I:C) infection.

The skin mucosa of fish serves as a vital immune barrier, offering both anatomical and physiological protection against external pathogens. This study explored gene expression profiles and potential immune signaling pathways in the skin of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) following stimulation with LPS or poly (I:C) at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h. Results revealed 648 shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across LPS treatment groups and 484 shared DEGs under poly (I:C) treatment.

Homogeneous Aptasensor with Electrochemical and Electrochemiluminescence Dual Detection Channels Enabled by Nanochannel-Based Probe Enrichment and DNase I Cleavage for Tumor Biomarker Detection.

Homogeneous aptasensors that eliminate the need for probe labeling or immobilization hold significant potential for the rapid detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, a homogeneous aptasensor with electrochemical (EC) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) dual detection channels was developed by integrating nanochannel-based probe enrichment and DNase I cleavage for selective detection of the tumor biomarker, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125). A two-dimensional (2D) composite probe was prepared by assembling the CA125-specific aptamer and the cationic probe tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)Ru(II) (Ru(bpy)), which exhibited both EC and ECL properties, onto graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (Ru(bpy)/Apt@GO).

Insight into the characterization of dissolved organic matter in shallow lakes with different trophic states and their net photo-generation capacity of reactive oxygen species.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, and they are closely related to several biogeochemical processes. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the main photosensitizers involved in the formation of ROS and it also serves as a sink for ROS by involving in scavenging, quenching, and antioxidant reactions. The net effect of these processes depends on the concentration, source, and composition of the DOM.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Cucumber FKBP Gene Family in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses.

The FKBP (FK506-binding protein) gene family is an important member of the PPlase protease family and plays a vital role during the processes of plant growth and development. However, no studies of the FKBP gene family have been reported in cucumber. In this study, 19 FKBP genes were identified in cucumber, which were located on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 6, and 7.

Chemical induction of leaf senescence and powdery mildew resistance involves ethylene-mediated chlorophyll degradation and ROS metabolism in cucumber.

Timely initiation of leaf senescence is an integral part of plant development and, importantly, an adaptive strategy by which plants cope with various stresses, e.g. to limit the spread of pathogens.

UV/Sodium percarbonate for bisphenol A treatment in water: Impact of water quality parameters on the formation of reactive radicals.

Reported herein is an investigation of the impact of water quality parameters on the formation of carbonate radical anion (CO) and hydroxyl radical (HO) in UV/sodium percarbonate (UV/SPC) system versus in UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/HO) system for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation in water. Pathways of CO oxidation of BPA were proposed in this study based on the evolution of direct transformation products of BPA. Observed in this study, the degradation of BPA in the UV/SPC system was slower than that in the UV/HO system in the secondary effluents collected from a local wastewater treatment plant due to the significant impact of coexisting constituents in the matrices on the former system.

Does travel closer to TOD have lower CO emissions? Evidence from ride-hailing in Chengdu, China.

Despite contributions to reducing private car dependency and carbon emissions, impacts of transit-oriented development (TOD) on ride-hailing usage are largely overlooked in existing studies. Using massive ride-hailing trips data in Chengdu, the influence of subway proximity on vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) and corresponding CO emissions of ride-hailing is examined at the disaggregated level. Similarly, moderated multiple regression is adopted to investigate the interaction effects of subway proximity at pick-up and drop-off on VKT of ride-hailing.

Retinitis pigmentosa and molar tooth sign caused by novel AHI1 compound heterozygote pathogenic variants.

Background: Joubert syndrome (JS) is a group of rare congenital disorders characterized by cerebellar vermis dysplasia, developmental delay, and retina dysfunctions. Herein, we reported a Chinese patient carrying a new variant in the AHI1 gene with mild JS, and the 3D structure of the affected Jouberin protein was also predicted.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 31-year-old male, who presented difficulty at finding toys at the age of 2 years, night blindness from age of 5 years, intention tremor and walking imbalance from 29 years of age.

Multi-Center in-Depth Screening of Neonatal Deafness Genes: Zhejiang, China.

Purpose: The conventional genetic screening for deafness involves 9-20 variants from four genes. This study expands screening to analyze the mutation types and frequency of hereditary deafness genes in Zhejiang, China, and explore the significance of in-depth deafness genetic screening in newborns.

Methods: This was a multi-centre study conducted in 5,120 newborns from 12 major hospitals in the East-West (including mountains and islands) of Zhejiang Province.

[Application of copy number variation sequencing combined with short tandem repeat in analysis of abortion and prenatal diagnosis].

Objective: To explore the cause of abortion and strategy of prenatal diagnosis for pregnant women with high risk for chromosomal abnormalities by using copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) and short tandem repeats (STR) analysis.

Methods: A total of 36 samples were collected, including amniotic fluid, abortion tissue, whole blood, chorionic villi and umbilical cord blood. CNV-seq and STR analysis were carried out to detect microdeletions, microduplications, chromosomal aneuploidies, mosaicisms and triploidies.

Expanding the Scope of Non-invasive Prenatal Testing to Detect Fetal Chromosomal Copy Number Variations.

Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for common fetal trisomies is effective. However, the usefulness of cell-free DNA testing to detect other chromosomal abnormalities is poorly understood. We analyzed the positive rate at different read depths in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and identified a strategy for fetal copy number variant (CNV) detection in NIPT.

Application of Copy Number Variation Detection to Fetal Diagnosis of Echogenic Intracardiac Focus During Pregnancy.

Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) is one of the most common ultrasound soft markers (USMs) in prenatal screening. However, the association of EIF with chromosomal abnormalities is still controversial. From January 2018 to April 2020, a total of 571 fetuses with USMs in our center were enrolled, among which 150 (26.

Comparative toxicity reduction potential of UV/sodium percarbonate and UV/hydrogen peroxide treatments for bisphenol A in water: An integrated analysis using chemical, computational, biological, and metabolomic approaches.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common industrial chemical with significant adverse impacts on biological systems as an environmental contaminant. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/HO) is a well-established technology for BPA treatment in water while UV/sodium percarbonate (UV/SPC) is an emerging technology with unclear biological impacts of treated effluent. Therefore, in this study, the toxicity evaluation of BPA solution treated with UV/HO and UV/SPC was preformed and compared based on transformation products (TPs) profile, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), Escherichia coli (E.

The NPR1-WRKY46-WRKY6 signaling cascade mediates probenazole/salicylic acid-elicited leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Endogenous salicylic acid (SA) regulates leaf senescence, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. The exogenous application of SA to living plants is not efficient for inducing leaf senescence. By taking advantage of probenazole (PBZ)-induced biosynthesis of endogenous SA, we previously established a chemical inducible leaf senescence system that depends on SA biosynthesis and its core signaling receptor NPR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Application of FF-QuantSC for the Precise Estimation of Fetal Fraction in Non-invasive Prenatal Testing in Two SRY-Translocation Cases.

: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a commonly employed clinical method to screen for fetal aneuploidy, while the Y chromosome-based NIPT method is regarded as the gold standard for the estimation of fetal fraction (FF) of male fetuses. However, when the fetus has a derivative Y chromosome thereby containing a partial Y chromosome, the Y chromosome-based NIPT method cannot accurately calculate FF. Therefore, alternative methods to precisely calculate FF are required.

Correction to: MKK4/MKK5‑MPK1/MPK2 cascade mediates SA‑activated leaf senescence via phosphorylation of NPR1 in Arabidopsis.

Due to an unfortunate turn of events, the second co-corresponding author, Dr. Benke Kuai, was omitted from the original publication. The corrected authors' list and author contribution statement are published here and should be treated as definitive.

Photoelectrocatalytic simultaneous removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol and E. coli using the anode of Ag and SnO-Sb 3D-loaded TiO nanotube arrays.

Reclaimed water contains both residual contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms while their simultaneous removal has not been fully addressed. Thus, a photoelectrocatalytical system (PEC) was engineering herein using an innovatively synthesized composite of TiO nanotube arrays (TNTs) decorated with antimony doped tin oxide (SnO-Sb) and silver nanoparticles (Ag) in three dimensions (TNTs-Ag/SnO-Sb) to realize the simultaneous removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).

The transcription factor ZmNAC126 accelerates leaf senescence downstream of the ethylene signalling pathway in maize.

Leaf senescence is an integral part of plant development, during which, nutrients are remobilized from senescent leaves to fast-growing organs. The initiation and progression dynamics of leaf senescence is therefore vital not only to the maximal accumulation of assimilates but also to the efficient remobilization of nutrients. Senescence is a finely tuned process that involves the action of a large number of transcription factors (TFs).

MKK4/MKK5-MPK1/MPK2 cascade mediates SA-activated leaf senescence via phosphorylation of NPR1 in Arabidopsis.

The mechanism by which endogenous salicylic acid (SA) regulates leaf senescence remains elusive. Here we provide direct evidence that an enhancement of endogenous SA level, via chemical-induced upregulation of ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1 (ICS1), could significantly accelerate the senescence process of old leaves through mediation of the key SA signaling component NON EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1) in Arabidopsis. Importantly, by taking advantage of this chemically induced leaf senescence system, we identified a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade MKK4/5-MPK1/2 that is required for the SA/NPR1-mediated leaf senescence.

Degradation and transformation of bisphenol A in UV/Sodium percarbonate: Dual role of carbonate radical anion.

The bicarbonate and carbonate ions (HCO &CO) will consume hydroxyl radical (HO) to generate carbonate radical anion (CO) in hydroxyl radical based advanced oxidation processes (HO-AOPs) resulting in reduced oxidation efficiencies of the systems. However, despite the HO quenching effect of carbonate species, the contribution of CO to the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) was observed in UV/sodium percarbonate (UV/SPC). In order to study the performance of UV/SPC for BPA degradation and the role of CO in this process, the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of BPA in UV/SPC and in UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/HO) were compared at equivalent concentration of HO.

One-step reductive synthesis of Ti self-doped elongated anatase TiO nanowires combined with reduced graphene oxide for adsorbing and degrading waste engine oil.

A sustainable photocatalyst of Ti self-doped elongated anatase nanowires combined with reduced graphene oxide (TiO NWs@rGO) was prepared via a facile one-step reductive synthesis process using NaBH as reductant for the first time. The obtained optimal TiO NWs@rGO composite has a large surface area,182 m  g, which demonstrates strong adsorption capacity due to the multilayered structure built by highly crystallized nanowires of TiO and ultrathin rGO layers. When the photocatalyst was applied in removing waste engine oil (100 mL, 50 mg L), it exhibited outstanding performance with up to COD 98.

The H3K27me3 demethylase REF6 promotes leaf senescence through directly activating major senescence regulatory and functional genes in Arabidopsis.

The roles of histone demethylation in the regulation of plant flowering, disease resistance, rhythmical response, and seed germination have been elucidated recently; however, how histone demethylation affects leaf senescence remains largely unclear. In this study, we exploited yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) to screen for the upstream regulators of NONYELLOWING1 (NYE1), and identified RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING6 (REF6), a histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) demethylase, as a putative binding protein of NYE1 promoter. By in vivo and in vitro analyses, we demonstrated that REF6 directly binds to the motif CTCGYTY in NYE1/2 promoters through its zinc finger domain and positively regulates their expression.

REF6 promotes lateral root formation through de-repression of PIN1/3/7 genes.

The H3K27 methyltransferase CLF inhibits lateral root (LR) formation through depositing the repressive H3K27me3 mark to the chromatin of PIN1, a key polar auxin transporter gene. Here, we show that the H3K27me3 demethylase REF6 promotes lateral root primordium initiation and LR emergence. REF6 directly binds to the chromatin of PIN1/3/7.

NYEs/SGRs-mediated chlorophyll degradation is critical for detoxification during seed maturation in Arabidopsis.

In the seed industry, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence is often used as a major non-invasive reporter of seed maturation and quality. Breakdown of Chl is a proactive process during the late stage of seed maturation, as well as during leaf senescence and fruit ripening. However, the biological significance of this process is still unclear.