Improving the Properties of Laccase Through Heterologous Expression and Protein Engineering.

Laccase, a member of the blue multicopper oxidase family, is widely distributed across diverse taxonomic groups, including fungi, bacteria, plants, and insects. This enzyme drives biocatalytic processes through the oxidation of phenolic compounds, aromatic amines, and lignin derivatives, underpinning its significant potential in the food industry, cosmetics, and environmental remediation. However, wild-type laccases face critical limitations, such as low catalytic efficiency, insufficient expression yields, and poor stability.

Optimization and synergistic enhancement of microalgae productivity in laboratory raceway ponds via co-regulation of automated light-supplemented mixers and electric field system.

Raceway pond systems face inherent challenges in achieving optimal biomass productivity due to limitations in vertical mixing efficiency and uneven light distribution, compounded by the intrinsic dilute nature of phototrophic cultures. The combination of automated light-supplemented mixers and electric field treatment introduces a promising strategy to enhance raceway pond gas‒liquid mass transfer, improve microalgae biomass production, and increase carbon fixation. Computational fluid dynamics simulations identified an optimal mixing configuration employing a 75° inclined blade rotating counterclockwise at 300 rpm, which reduced dead zones from approximately 15.

Application and Possible Mechanism of Microbial Fermentation and Enzyme Catalysis in Regulation of Food Flavour.

Flavor compounds are key determinants of food sensory quality, originating from natural sources, processing, or artificial additives. Although physical and chemical methods can effectively enhance food flavor, microbial fermentation and enzyme catalysis technology possess good potential in food flavor regulation due to their mild reaction conditions and high safety. In addition, the high efficiency and specificity of enzymes help to shorten the production cycle and accurately regulate food flavor.

Proteomic Analysis of Subjected to Pulsed Magnetic Field.

As one of the non-thermal technologies, the pulsed magnetic field (PMF) has increasingly attracted attention for its application in food microbial inactivation. In this study, a proteomic analysis was conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the inactivation of by a PMF. A total of 79 proteins, comprising 65 upregulated and 14 downregulated proteins, were successfully identified as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs, >1.

Advancements in the Research on the Preparation of Isoamyl Acetate Catalyzed by Immobilized Lipase.

This study aims to delve into the application potential of immobilized lipases in the catalytic synthesis of isoamyl acetate. Through a comparative analysis of various immobilization methods, including physical adsorption, encapsulation, covalent binding, and crosslinking, along with the utilization of nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica SBA-15, and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as carriers, the study systematically evaluates their enhancing effects on lipase catalytic performance. Additionally, solvent engineering strategies, encompassing the introduction of organic solvents, supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents, are employed to intensify the enzymatic catalytic process.

Research Progress on the Application of Nanoenzyme Electrochemical Sensors for Detecting Zearalenone in Food.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a common mycotoxin widely found in food crops such as corn. The toxicity of ZEN is manifested as multiple hazards to reproduction, genes, cells, and immune systems. Long-term exposure may have a serious impact on health, so it has received extensive attention due to its potential harm to human and animal health.

Design and development of drug delivery nanocarriers based on liquid-liquid phase separation, improved stability, cell-penetration and anti-cancer effect.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of nuclear pore complex (NPC) with nuclear transport proteins (NTPs) via intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) plays a crucial role in the nucleocytoplasmic transport. The development of efficient targeted delivery systems based on LLPS has attracted widespread attention. Here, we developed nanocarriers of casein peptides, a natural intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), modified with fatty acids of different alkyl chains (C10-C18) and decorated by shellac for highly effective drug delivery and cancer therapy.

Seed Priming with 2,4-Epibrassionolide Enhances Seed Germination and Heat Tolerance in Rice by Regulating the Antioxidant System and Plant Hormone Signaling Pathways.

With global climate warming, enhancing the heat stress tolerance of rice seeds is critical for ensuring crop yields and maintaining global food security. 2,4-Epibrassionolide (EBR) has been shown to effectively alleviate the adverse effects of heat stress on rice seed germination, but its mitigation mechanism has not been fully clarified. In this experiment, exogenous EBR was used as a seed priming agent.

Clarification of Sugarcane Juice Catalyzed by Magnetic Immobilized Laccase Intensified by Alternating Magnetic Field.

In this study, Cu-chelated magnetic silicon dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized as carriers for laccase immobilization. The prepared magnetic immobilized laccase was applied in the clarification of sugarcane juice. The optimal conditions for the clarification of sugarcane juice with magnetic immobilized laccase in a shake flask were determined to be as follows: a temperature of 35 °C, pH of 5.

Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Rice Blast Disease Resistance by Promoting Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Defense in Rice.

In order to analyze the physiological regulation mechanisms associated with exogenous melatonin on rice blast, this study treated rice seedlings with different concentrations of melatonin (0, 20, 100, and 500 µmol/L) in order to investigate the growth characteristics, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (HO) content, and soluble protein content of rice seedlings. The results indicated that 100 µmol/L of melatonin exhibited a significant effect, improving the growth and antioxidant capacity of rice seedlings under rice blast fungus infection. The disease resistance level of rice seedlings against rice blast significantly decreased by 31.

Magnetic field-assisted surface engineering technology for active regulation of FeO medium to enable the laccase electrochemical biosensing of catechol with visible stripe patterns.

Background: Catechol (CC), a prevalent phenolic compound, is a byproduct in various agricultural, chemical, and industrial processes. CC detection is crucial for safeguarding water quality and plays a pivotal role in enhancing the overall quality of life of individuals. Electrochemical biosensors exhibit rapid responses, have small sizes, and can be used for real-time monitoring.

Selenium volatilization in plants, microalgae, and microorganisms.

The augmented prevalence of Se (Se) pollution can be attributed to various human activities, such as mining, coal combustion, oil extraction and refining, and agricultural irrigation. Although Se is vital for animals, humans, and microorganisms, excessive concentrations of this element can give rise to potential hazards. Consequently, numerous approaches have been devised to mitigate Se pollution, encompassing physicochemical techniques and bioremediation.

Application of Immobilized Enzymes in Juice Clarification.

Immobilized enzymes are currently being rapidly developed and are widely used in juice clarification. Immobilized enzymes have many advantages, and they show great advantages in juice clarification. The commonly used methods for immobilizing enzymes include adsorption, entrapment, covalent bonding, and cross-linking.

Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysis in Food Processing: Mechanism and Parameters.

Ultrasound has been widely used as a green and efficient non-thermal processing technique to assist with enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared with traditional enzymatic hydrolysis, ultrasonic-pretreatment-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis and enhance the biological activity of substrates. At present, this technology is mainly used for the extraction of bioactive substances and the degradation of biological macromolecules.

Exogenous Betaine Enhances the Protrusion Vigor of Rice Seeds under Heat Stress by Regulating Plant Hormone Signal Transduction and Its Interaction Network.

Rice is an important food crop. Rice seedlings are mainly composed of root, coleoptile, mesocotyl and euphylla. The elongation of coleoptile and mesocotyl promotes the emergence of rice seedlings.

Magnetic/electric field intervention on oil-rich filamentous algae production in the application of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene based wastewater treatment.

Globally, the release of acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS) wastewater from numerous industries is a serious concern. Recently, oil-rich filamentous algae Tribonema sp has been grown utilizing toxic but nutrient-rich ABS effluent. Here, Tribonema sp.

Optimization of the nutritional constituents for ergosterol peroxide production by Paecilomyces cicadae based on the uniform design and mathematical model.

we optimized medium components for the production of ergosterol peroxide (EP) by Paecilomyces cicadae based on a mono-factor experiment, a uniform design, and a non-linear regression analysis. The maximum EP yield achieved was 256 μg/L, which was increased by 5 folds compared with that before the optimization. Structured Monod model, Andrews model, Contois model, and Aibe model were developed to describe the effects of viscosity inhibition, substrate, and production on biomass growth.

Weak magnetic field intervention on outdoor production of oil-rich filamentous microalgae: Influence of seasonal changes.

The weak magnetic field (MF) intervention on the semi-continuous system of filamentous algae Tribonema sp. during outdoor cultivation was investigated using starch wastewater. Results show that except for winter, MF in other seasons can effectively improve the algal biomass yield and oil productivity.

Impact of pulsed magnetic field treatment on enzymatic inactivation and quality of cloudy apple juice.

The effects of PMF (5-7 T, 5-30 pulses) on enzyme activity, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, color, ascorbic acid, total phenols and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity) of cloudy apple juice were evaluated. PMF inhibited activities of polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) and pectinmethylesterase (PME), but PPO was more sensitive to PMF than POD and PME. At the intensity of 6 T with 15 pulses, PPO and POD both exhibited the lowest residual activity (53.

Transcriptomic analysis of Listeria monocytogenes under pulsed magnetic field treatment.

Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) is an emerging non-thermal decontamination technology. The lack of research on microbial inactivation mechanisms restricts the wide application of PMF. In this study the effect of PMF on the gene expression level of Listeria monocytogenes (L.

Effect of high-humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) on drying and quality of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Effects of high-humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) under different times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240s) on drying characteristics and quality attributes of red peppers in terms of surface colour, red pigment content, microstructure and texture were investigated. Results showed that polyphenol oxidase (PPO) residual activity of the samples decreased with increasing blanching time; it was decreased to 7% after 120s. A first-order fraction model described PPO inactivation well.

Phytic Acid Enhances Biocontrol Activity of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa against Penicillium expansum Contamination and Patulin Production in Apples.

The effect of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa in combination with phytic acid (PA) on blue mold decay and patulin contamination of apples was investigated. Results from this study show that different concentrations of PA were effective in reducing the disease incidence of apples and that PA at concentration of 4 μmol/mL, decreased the incidence of blue mold decay in apples from 86.1 to 62.

D-isoascorbyl palmitate: lipase-catalyzed synthesis, structural characterization and process optimization using response surface methodology.

Background: Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of L-ascorbic acid, and widely used as a food antioxidant. However, its highly hydrophilic behavior prevents its application in cosmetics or fats and oils-based foods. To overcome this problem, D-isoascorbyl palmitate was synthesized in the present study for improving the isoascorbic acid's oil solubility with an immobilized lipase in organic media.