Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in patients with major depressive disorder.

Objective: This study aimed to identify potential mutations associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and evaluate disease-associated risk factors.

Methods: Total genomic DNAwas extracted from the participants' blood samples, and the complete mitochondrial genome wasamplified by PCR, purified, and sequenced. Mutation burden analysis and functional mutation analysis was performed, including total mutation counts, highly conserved mutations (Conservation Index >75 %), and structurally disruptive mutations.

Three-Dimensional gait biomechanics in patients with mild knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease in older adults that causes pain and functional impairment. Gait biomechanics in early-stage KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-II) are understudied. This study aimed to examine differences in three-dimensional gait biomechanics and muscle activation in mild KOA to inform early detection and intervention.

Te Vacancy Defect Engineering on FeGeTe (001) Basal Planes for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A First-Principles Study.

Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is an attractive renewable energy technology, but the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode is severely constrained by a high overpotential. The two-dimensional vdW ferromagnetic material FeGeTe, with its good stability and excellent metallic conductivity, has potential as an electrocatalyst, but its sluggish surface catalytic reactivity limits its large-scale application. In this work, we adapted DFT calculations to introduce surface Te vacancies to boost OER performance of the FeGeTe (001) surface.

Functional characterization of AsGRAS24 in Avena sativa reveals its role in enhancing salt tolerance via antioxidant and hormonal regulation in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background: GRAS transcription factors are a type of transcription factor found only in plants. Among these, PAT1 subfamily proteins are known to help plants resist abiotic stress.

Results: To study the GRAS family genes in oat and check if GRAS transcription factors are linked to salt tolerance, this research cloned the AsGRAS24 gene using oat leaf cDNA.

Portable detection methods for marine micro-nano-plastics.

Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste enter the ocean, gradually breaking into micro-nano-plastics, threatening the ecosystem and human health. The detection of marine micro-nano-plastics is an important link in assessing ecological risks and guiding the implementation of governance. The traditional detection technologies rely on complex equipment and pretreatment, making it difficult to achieve rapid and on-site detection of micro-nano-plastics in seawater environments.

Establishment of nursing needs scale for elderly patients with urinary incontinence and its reliability and validity test.

Objective: Urinary incontinence significantly impacts the quality of life of elderly patients, yet there is a lack of specific assessment tools for their nursing needs in the Chinese healthcare context. To develop a nursing needs scale for elderly patients with urinary incontinence and test its reliability and validity, aiming to provide a quantitative assessment tool for geriatric nursing practitioners and a scientific basis for quality-of-life interventions and standardized nursing for these patients, thus promoting the standardization of nursing practice.

Methods: A comprehensive approach was adopted, including literature analysis, qualitative interviews, the Delphi method, pre-testing, and questionnaire surveys.

Anti-Thrombotic Effect of Hemp Seed Peptides in Zebrafish by Dual Regulation of vegfr1 Signaling and Caspase-3-Mediated Apoptosis.

This study aimed to investigate the antithrombotic activity of hemp seed peptides derived from trypsin hydrolysates and elucidate their molecular mechanisms using a ponatinib-induced zebrafish () thrombosis model. Through ultrafiltration and LC-MS/MS analysis, we identified 1741 peptide sequences (< 3 kDa), with 67% distributed in the 0.5-1.

External Validation of Lung Cancer Prediction Models Combining Epidemiological Predictors in Chinese Ever and Never Smokers: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to externally validate existing lung cancer models using data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) and compare their predictive performance for Chinese ever and never smokers.

Methods: We evaluated the discrimination and calibration of LCRAT (Lung Cancer Risk Assessment Tool), LLP version 2 (Liverpool Lung Project version 2), LLP version 3 (Liverpool Lung Project version 3), HUNT (HUNT was derived from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study), OWL (Optimized Early Warning Model for Lung Cancer Risk), LCRS (Lung Cancer Risk Score), PLCOm2012 (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian 2012 model), PLCOall2014 (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian 2014 model), NHIS (Korean National Health Insurance Service), LLPi (Liverpool Lung Project Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Incidence), Pittsburgh, and Bach models. We compared the performance of models and Chinese lung cancer screening (T/CPMA 013-2020), US Preventive Services Task Force 2021 (USPSTF-2021) and Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek (NELSON) criteria.

Relationship between cognitive functions and serum neurotrophic factor levels in long-term hospitalized male patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: This study explored the changes in serum neurotrophic factor levels, the status of cognitive function, event-related potential P300, and the relationships between serum neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive functions, as well as event-related potential P300 in male schizophrenia patients with long-term hospitalization.

Methods: A total of 82 male schizophrenia patients with long-term hospitalization and 52 healthy controls were recruited. Cognitive functions were evaluated in all participants, including verbal fluency function, attention function, executive function, and spatial function.

Donor-derived CD7 CAR T cells for pediatric and adult relapsed/refractory T-ALL/LBL: a phase 2 trial.

This phase II trial assessed CD7 CAR T-cells derived from previous transplant or newly HLA-matched donors for relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. It was designed to enroll 70 patients but terminated early, with 55 ultimately treated, due to discontinuation of departmental operations. Within three months, 89% (n=49) achieved best overall response of partial remission or better.

Unraveling the microbiome-aroma Nexus: a metagenomic and volatile compound analysis of Yunnan cigars.

Introduction: Understanding how microbial communities influence aroma profiles is critical to improving cigar quality. However, comparative studies examining the microbiome-aroma nexus across major cigar-producing regions remain limited.

Methods: We integrated high-throughput metagenomic sequencing with volatile organic compound (VOC) profiling to investigate microbial community structure and aroma compounds in four Yunnan cigars and two Cuban cigars.

Clinical Outcomes and Sports Participation After the Modified Broström Procedure in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: A 5- to 10-Year Follow-up of 111 Cases.

Background: Chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) can severely impair sports performance and functional mobility in children and adolescents, necessitating surgical interventions such as the modified Broström procedure. However, midterm to long-term clinical outcomes and sports participation after this procedure remain inconclusive.

Purpose: To investigate the midterm to long-term clinical outcomes and analyze the reasons and risk factors for failure to participate at preinjury sports levels after the modified Broström procedure in children and adolescents with CLAI.

Impact of gender, lunge direction, and fatigue on the lower limb biomechanics in badminton lunges.

Background: The lunge is a crucial movement in badminton, influenced to different extents by factors such as lunge direction, fatigue, and gender. This study investigates the effects of these factors on lower limb biomechanics to inform strategies for injury prevention and performance optimization.

Methods: Twenty-four amateur badminton players (12 males, 12 females) performed forehand and backhand forward lunges under both fatigued and non-fatigued conditions.

Neuromorphic Polarization Vision Enabled by Organic Single-Crystal Photosynaptic Transistors.

Polarization vision, a highly sophisticated visual capability in insects such as butterflies and bees, plays a pivotal role in enabling survival-critical ecological behaviors, such as navigation, intraspecific communication, mating, and habitat selection. However, the replication of this capability in artificial systems has long been impeded by the limited dichroic ratio (DR, typically < 10) of existing materials and the complexity of conventional optical designs. Here, the first time a bioinspired polarization-sensitive photosynaptic transistor is developed based on organic micro-crystal arrays for neuromorphic polarization vision.

Yangxinshi tablet protects against myocardial injury and increases skeletal muscle exercise capacity by regulating mitochondrial bioenergetics.

Background: Yangxinshi tablet (YXST), as the traditional Chinese medicine, could significantly improve cardiac function and exercise tolerance in patients with coronary heart disease. However, molecular mechanisms of YXST protecting against myocardial injury and promoting skeletal muscle exercise capacity is still unclear.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and potential mechanisms of YXST in myocardial injury and skeletal muscle exercise capacity.

Effects of composite microplastics on soil properties and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Chinese cabbage.

Microplastics (MPs), as a novel environmental pollutant, are widely distributed in the environment and negatively impact ecosystems and biodiversity, posing potential risks to human health through the food chain. However, there is limited knowledge about the adverse effects of composite MPs on soil-plant systems. To address this lack of data, a pot experiment was conducted using polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyolefin (PO) in various combinations: PP-PE-PVC, PP-PE-PO, PE-PVC-PO, PVC-PO-PP, and PP-PO-PE-PVC.

Mechanical Modulation, Physiological Roles, and Imaging Innovations of Intercellular Calcium Waves in Living Systems.

Long-range intercellular communication is essential for multicellular biological systems to regulate multiscale cell-cell interactions and maintain life. Growing evidence suggests that intercellular calcium waves (ICWs) act as a class of long-range signals that influence a broad spectrum of cellular functions and behaviors. Importantly, mechanical signals, ranging from single-molecule-scale to tissue-scale in vivo, can initiate and modulate ICWs in addition to relatively well-appreciated biochemical and bioelectrical signals.

TCF19 expression and significance analysis in breast cancer: integrated bioinformatics analysis and histological validation.

Background: Transcription factor 19 (TCF19) is an important member of the transcription factor family, but its role in cancer is not well understood. This study aims to clarify the function of TCF19 and explore its mechanisms across various cancers, with a specific focus on breast cancer, using bioinformatics analysis and histological validation.

Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical data were obtained from sources like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) for bioinformatics analysis.

Pharmacokinetics, Bioequivalence, and Safety Studies of Crisaborole Ointment in Healthy Chinese Subjects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of a single application of crisaborole ointment to test formulation and reference formulation in healthy subjects under fasting conditions. A total of 32 subjects were included and divided into 2 groups (test-reference; reference-test). A single-center, single-dose, 2-formulation, 2-period, 2-sequence, open, randomized, and crossover trial design was adopted.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Antitubercular Agents Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southwestern China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) toward first-line antitubercular agents among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in southwestern China, and to examine sociodemographic disparities in KAP.

Methods: A simple sampling survey was conducted among TB patients clinically diagnosed with active pulmonary TB at the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing. The questionnaire was used to collect demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice data on first-line TB drugs.

Troponin T3 ameliorates sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction in rats through modulation of Cacna1s.

Background: Troponin T3 (TnT3) is involved in excitatory-contractile coupling in striated muscle and regulates Calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S (Cacna1s) expression. Currently, the effect of TnT3/Cacna1s on the progression of sepsis-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (SIDD) and the mechanism of action are unclear.

Methods: A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced C2C12 cell injury model was constructed in vitro, and a SIDD rat model was constructed by injecting LPS.

The effects of Tai Chi on clinical outcomes and gait biomechanics in knee osteoarthritis patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease that significantly reduces mobility and quality of life in elderly populations. Tai Chi, a low-impact mind-body exercise, has been suggested as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for managing KOA, but its biomechanical effects remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 14-week Tai Chi program on clinical symptoms, lower limb biomechanics, and muscle activation patterns in elderly patients with KOA.

Cutaneous Granuloma Resulting from Mixed Infection with and : A Case Report of Successful Treatment.

Background: and are rare pathogens that cause chronic cutaneous and soft tissue infections. Although molecular technologies have improved their diagnosis, both diseases are challenging to treat. Here, we describe the first case of cutaneous granuloma caused by concurrent and infections.

Recent advancements of Raman spectroscopy application in topical products.

Topical products have gained popularity in the recent years. Diverse formulation types, complex composition, and thermodynamically instable nature present great challenges in the formulation development of topical products. The analytical methods available for topical formulation analysis and quality control are limited.

Moniezia benedeni infection promoting ICOS T cell proliferation in sheep (Ovis aries) small intestine.

Background: Cellular immunity mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating anti-parasite immunity. ICOS is one of the core factors of multitype T cell subsets involved in the regulation of immune homeostasis. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the distribution patterns of ICOS T cells in the small intestine of sheep and determine the impact of Moniezia benedeni (M.