Dapagliflozin attenuates nicotine-induced apoptosis by targeting the ASK1/p38/JNK apoptotic pathway in HK-2 cells.

ObjectiveCigarette smoking accelerates kidney disease progression. Emerging evidence suggests that dapagliflozin (DAPA) exerts protective effects against various kidney injuries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DAPA on nicotine (NIC)-induced apoptosis in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells.

Elevated PABPC4 expression in human prostate cancer tissues predicts adverse clinical outcomes.

Background: Poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 4 (PABPC4) has been regarded as a prognostic marker in many malignancies. In this study, we evaluated PABPC4 expression at both messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein levels. The prognostic value of PABPC4 in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) was also investigated.

Varying oropharyngeal colostrum administration dosages on outcomes associated with very low birth weight infants: a randomised controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Oropharyngeal colostrum administration (OCA) confers immunological benefits to very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) through nutrient absorption via oropharyngeal lymphatic tissue, potentially reducing complication rates and improving clinical outcomes. Current evidence demonstrates significant variability in OCA protocols regarding the initiation timing, application frequency, treatment duration and dosage of this therapy across studies, and limited research exists on its impact on haematological indices in infants. Notably, the dose-dependent effects of OCA on both clinical outcomes and haematological immunological parameters in VLBWIs remain insufficiently investigated.

Management of some uncommon but significant complications of the tunneled cuffed catheter for hemodialysis.

Although use of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula is the first choice for vascular access for hemodialysis, the tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) remains an important alternative method that is applied widely in maintenance hemodialysis for patients with end-stage renal disease. In addition to common complications, such as thrombosis, infection, formation of a fibrin sheath, or central vein stenosis, TCC dysfunction, such as kinks, cuff detachment, or mechanical destruction, can be easily overlooked. The reasons for these clinical problems are multifactorial and include the insertion handling, presence of diabetes mellitus, catheter type, malnutrition, and the patient's body habitus.

Identification of blood-derived exosomal tumor RNA signatures as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for multi-cancer: a multi-phase, multi-center study.

Background: Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, making early detection crucial for improving survival outcomes. The study aims to develop a machine learning-enabled blood-derived exosomal RNA profiling platform for multi-cancer detection and localization.

Methods: In this multi-phase, multi-center study, we analyzed RNA from exosomes derived from peripheral blood plasma in 818 participants across eight cancer types during the discovery phase.

Effect of substitutive growth hormone therapy on myopia control among Chinese children.

Purpose: To explore the correlation between recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy and myopia progression, and to optimize the myopia control strategies in myopic children undergoing rhGH therapy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 27 myopic children receiving rhGH therapy and 57 myopic children in the control group, all of whom underwent myopia interventions. Axial length (AL) and refraction were measured by IOLMaster and an autorefractor after cycloplegia.

Comprehensive Breslow thickness (BT)-based analysis to identify biological mechanisms associated with melanoma pathogenesis.

Breslow thickness (BT), a parameter measuring the depth of invasion of abnormally proliferating melanocytes, is a key indicator of melanoma severity and prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the increase in BT remain elusive. Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) human skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), we identified a set of BT-related molecules and analyzed their expression and genomic heterogeneity across pan-cancerous and normal tissues.

PWP1 transcriptionally regulates p53, modulating apoptosis and cell cycle to promote gastric cancer progression.

Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The prognosis often depends on early detection and understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in its progression. Periodic tryptophan protein 1 (PWP1) has emerged as a novel diagnostic marker, potentially linked to gastric cancer progression.

Comparison of robotic assisted and laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer with or without left colic artery preservation.

The preservation of the left colic artery (LCA) during rectal cancer resection remains a topic of controversy, and there is a notable absence of robust evidence regarding the outcomes associated with LCA preservation. And the advantages of robotic-assisted laparoscopy (RAL) surgery in rectal resection remain uncertain. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of LCA preservation surgery and RAL surgery on intraoperative and postoperative complications of rectal cancer resection.

Engineering the Blackbody Absorption of the Au-Branch-on-Au-Plate Heterostructures.

Utilizing the strong ligand control effects of l-cysteine (l-Cys), the growth of Au on Au triangular nanoplate (AuTN) seeds was continuously tuned from layer-by-layer (the Frank-van der Merwe) to layer-plus-island (the Stranski-Krastanov), and island (the Volmer-Weber) growth modes, leading to the formation of a series of Au-on-AuTN heterostructures. Within the window of VW growth mode (featured by the growth of Au spikes and branches on AuTNs), the effective localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) coupling led to the selective strengthening of the "valley" absorptions, leading to smooth and flat absorption curves. Interestingly, through engineering the number/density, size, and branching degree of the Au branches, except for the black color, full spectrum absorption within 400-1300 nm wavelength was achieved on Au-branch-on-AuTN structures.

Disulfidptosis-related genes serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and indicate tumor microenvironment characteristics and immunotherapy response in prostate cancer.

Disulfidptosis, a newly identified programmed cell death pathway in prostate cancer (PCa), is closely associated with intracellular disulfide stress and glycolysis. This study aims to elucidate the roles of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in the pathogenesis and progression of PCa, with the goal of improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We analyzed PCa datasets and normal tissue transcriptome data from TCGA, GEO, and MSKCC.

Effect of black cloth ointment on hypertrophic scar formation: An investigation using integrated network pharmacology and animal assay.

Background: Hypertrophic scars (HS) are a common disfiguring condition in daily clinical encounters which brings a lot of anxieties and concerns to patients, but the treatment options of HS are limited. Black cloth ointment (BCO), as a cosmetic ointment applicable to facial scars, has shown promising therapeutic effects for facial scarring. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unclear.

Integrated bioinformatics investigation of adenylyl cyclase family co-expression network in bladder cancer followed by preliminary validation of member 2 () in tumorigenesis and prognosis.

Background: The adenylyl cyclase () gene family encodes enzymes responsible for the synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which comprises nine transmembrane isoforms (). Although correlate with intracellular signalling and tumorigenesis in different malignancies, their roles in bladder cancer remain unclear.

Methods: Utilizing the bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we employed the R package 'limma' to identify differential genes.

Anisotropic V-Groove/Wrinkle Hierarchical Arrays for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with High Sensitivity and Exceptional Selectivity.

Flexible strain sensors have been continuously optimized and widely used in various fields such as health monitoring, motion detection, and human-machine interfaces. There is a higher demand for sensors that can sensitively identify both the strain amplitude and direction in real-time to adapt to complex human movements. This study proposes a flexible strain sensor construction strategy based on V-groove/wrinkle hierarchical structures via a facile and scalable prestretching approach.

Explainable and visualizable machine learning models to predict biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.

Purpose: Machine learning (ML) models presented an excellent performance in the prognosis prediction. However, the black box characteristic of ML models limited the clinical applications. Here, we aimed to establish explainable and visualizable ML models to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa).

Tumor size impact on TNM staging which define post-operative complications in rectal cancer.

The purpose of this study was to see how accurate tumor size was at predicting T and N stages in rectal malignancies. Tumor sizes of 40 mm and greater than 40 mm were used to assess post-operative challenges in related to T1-T2 and T3-T4 stages, as well as between node N0 and node N1 and N2 patients. A total of 131 patients were treated for colorectal cancer, with 54 patients < 40 mm and 77 patients > 40 mm receiving Da Vinci colorectal surgery.

Pathogenesis and management of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Regardless of the underlying etiology, renal fibrosis is the final histological outcome of progressive kidney disease. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is an ideal and reproducible experimental rodent model of renal fibrosis, which is characterized by tubulointerstitial inflammatory responses, accumulation of extracellular matrix, tubular dilatation and atrophy, and fibrosis. The magnitude of UUO-induced renal fibrosis is experimentally manipulated by the species chosen, animal age, and the severity and duration of the obstruction, while relief of the obstruction allows the animal to recover from fibrosis.

LY6/PLAUR domain containing 3 (LYPD3) maintains melanoma cell stemness and mediates an immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Background: Malignant melanoma is a highly heterogeneous skin cancer with the highest mortality rate among dermatological cancers. Catenins form functional networks in the nucleus to regulate gene expression and determine cell fate. Dysregulation of catenin expression correlates with the malignant characteristics of the tumor.

Artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer based on multimodal data: a multicenter study.

Background: The introduction of multiparameter MRI and novel biomarkers has greatly improved the prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, decision-making regarding prostate biopsy and prebiopsy examinations is still difficult. We aimed to establish a quick and economic tool to improve the detection of csPCa based on routinely performed clinical examinations through an automated machine learning platform (AutoML).

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Versus Sleeve Gastrectomy for Obesity: a Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: A long-lasting and efficient method of managing obesity and therapeutic associated comorbidities is bariatric surgery. However, a debated comparison between one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy is still essential (SG). The goal of this study is to evaluate outcomes using RCT and NRCT from 2015 to 2022.

How education level affects postoperative rehabilitation and follow-up: a single-center experience.

Background: Radical prostatectomy remains the fundamental treatment for prostate cancer, and improving patients' compliance with postoperative follow-ups is essential for improving patients' quality of life. This study investigates the effect of education levels on patients' recovery and follow-up after radical prostatectomy.

Methods: Data from 1,112 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2011 and 2020 were collected using medical records, and "pc-follow" systems were used to collect patients' baseline information, education level, pathological information, number of outpatient visits, the time interval between each visit, and PSA test data.

Protocol for diagnosing Erwinia amylovora infection using a fluorescent probe.

Current fire blight diagnosis techniques are DNA based and require specialized equipment and expertise, or they are less sensitive. Here, we present a protocol for diagnosing fire blight using the fluorescent probe, B-1. We describe steps for Erwinia amylovora culture, implementing a fire blight-infected model, and E.