Efficacy and Safety Factors Related to Plasma Concentration-Optimized Polymyxin B Therapy in Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in China.

Background: Polymyxin B (PMB)-based combination therapies are used to treat severe carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial (CR-GNB) infections. This observational study investigated the relationship between clinical factors, including PMB concentration, and clinical efficacy and safety.

Patients And Methods: Polymyxin B regimens were optimized through therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC).

Validation and application of the Dermatology Life Quality Index score, a modification of the DLQI score, in psoriasis patients.

Background: All the scoring methods for the DLQI miss the moderate impact of the disease on patients, which may underestimate the impact of psoriasis on patients' quality of life. To improve the accuracy of the assessment of the Dermatology Life Quality Index score (DLQI) for patients with psoriasis, this study proposed and validated a new scoring method, the DLQI-NS, which includes the moderate impact option in the self-assessment of each item in psoriasis patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which patients with psoriasis were enrolled.

Neutron penumbral image reconstruction with a convolution neural network using fast Fourier transform.

In Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), the asymmetry of a hot spot is an important influence factor in implosion performance. Neutron penumbral imaging, which serves as an encoded-aperture imaging technique, is one of the most important diagnostic methods for detecting the shape of a hot spot. The detector image is a uniformly bright range surrounded by a penumbral area, which presents the strength distribution of hot spots.

The effect of Shengmai injection in patients with coronary heart disease in real world and its personalized medicine research using machine learning techniques.

Shengmai injection is a common treatment for coronary heart disease. The accurate dose regimen is important to maximize effectiveness and minimize adverse reactions. We aim to explore the effect of Shengmai injection in patients with coronary heart disease based on real-world data and establish a personalized medicine model using machine learning and deep learning techniques.

Decoupling of nutrient stoichiometry in (Bunge) senesced leaves under salt treatment.

The stoichiometry of senesced leaves is pivotal in nutrient cycling and can be significantly influenced by soil salinization, a rising global issue threatening the functionality of ecosystems. However, the impacts of soil salinization on senesced leaf stoichiometry are not fully understood. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment with varying soil salt concentrations to examine their influence on the concentrations and stoichiometric ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn) in the senesced leaves of (Bunge).

Lensless computationally defined confocal incoherent imaging with a Fresnel zone plane as coded aperture.

We present a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) mask-based system for single-shot lensless confocal imaging. The system uses an FZP as coded aperture, which allows each point source to cast a unique pattern onto the sensor, representing their horizontal and axial positions. This results in a 2D sensor measurement comprising a series of FZP patterns, which records the spatial intensity distribution of the incoherent illuminant.

Vancomycin population pharmacokinetics analysis in Chinese paediatric patients with varying degrees of renal function and ages: development of new practical dosing recommendations.

Objectives: To describe the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in a large Chinese paediatric cohort with varying degrees of renal function and ages and to develop practical dosing guidelines.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective population pharmacokinetic study using data from paediatric patients who received vancomycin between June 2013 and June 2022. A non-linear mixed-effect modelling approach with a one-compartment model structure was applied.

A LC-MS/MS Method for Quantifying the Schisandrin B and Exploring Its Intracellular Exposure Correlating Antitumor Effect.

Schisandrin B (Sch.B) shows antineoplastic activity in colorectal cancer, but the mechanism is still obscure. The intracellular spatial distribution may be helpful in elucidating the mechanism.

Forms of nitrogen inputs regulate the intensity of soil acidification.

Soil acidification induced by reactive nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Because different N-transformation processes contribute to the production and consumption of H , the magnitude of acidification likely depends on the relative amounts of organic N (ON) and inorganic N (IN) inputs. However, few studies have explicitly measured the effects of N composition on soil acidification.

Case Report: Monitoring Vancomycin Concentrations and Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration Patients to Guide Individualized Dosage Regimens: A Case Analysis.

There are limited pharmacokinetic (PK) studies on vancomycin in patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and the results have been inconsistent. Because of individual differences, proposing a definite recommendation for the clinical regimen is not possible. Rapidly reaching target vancomycin concentrations will facilitate effective treatment for critically ill patients treated with CRRT.

The relationship between vancomycin AUC/MIC and trough concentration, age, dose, renal function in Chinese critically ill pediatric patients.

To assess the pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin in Chinese critically ill pediatric patients, children treated with vancomycin, hospitalized in the intensive care unit were included. Samples to determine peak and trough serum concentrations were obtained on the third day of treatment. Half-life was significantly longer in neonates and showed a decreasing trend in infants and children.

Oxidation Mechanism of Al-Sn Bearing Alloys.

Oxidation of Al-Sn bearing alloy occurs during production, processing and use, which reduces both alloy performance and performance of coatings applied to the alloy surface. Therefore, the oxidation mechanism of Al-Sn bearing alloy is studied at 25, 180, 300, and 500 °C. The oxidation morphologies of the alloy were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the oxidation products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

An Ensemble Model for Prediction of Vancomycin Trough Concentrations in Pediatric Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish an optimal model to predict vancomycin trough concentrations by using machine learning.

Patients And Methods: We enrolled 407 pediatric patients (age < 18 years) who received vancomycin intravenously and underwent therapeutic drug monitoring from June 2013 to April 2020 at Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. The median (interquartile range) age and weight of the patients were 2 (0.

Prediction of vancomycin dose on high-dimensional data using machine learning techniques.

Objectives: Despite therapeutic vancomycin is regularly monitored, its dose requirements vary considerably between individuals. Various innovative vancomycin dosing strategies have been developed for dose optimization; however, the utilization of individual factors and extensibility is insufficient. We aimed to develop an optimal dosing algorithm for vancomycin based on the high-dimensional data using the proposed variable engineering and machine-learning methods.