Treatment of Clinically Important Bacteria With Cold Atmospheric Plasma.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), especially in clinically important bacteria, has posed serious challenges to clinical treatments. Novel and effective antimicrobial strategies are urgently needed to address AMR. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a new concept of disinfection method that kills bacteria through various active species and particles within an ionised and electrical-balanced gas.

100 W, 1 mJ, sub-200 fs high performance laser generation using cascaded Yb: CGA and Yb: YAG amplification.

We demonstrate a high-power solid-state femtosecond laser system based on two types of ytterbium (Yb)-doped gain media. This system effectively harnesses the advantages of Yb: CGA and Yb: YAG crystals: broad spectral output capability and power-scaling potential. The Yb: CGA regenerative amplifier achieved an output power of 80 W at a repetition rate of 100 kHz, with spectral full width at a half maximum (FWHM) of 10.

Single-shot structured light illumination based on multiscale total generalized variation.

Single-shot structured light illumination plays a crucial role in high-speed 3D reconstruction but remains a significant challenge, especially in the presence of complex surface textures. Fourier transform profilometry has been widely adopted for single-shot reconstruction, yet its performance is often degraded due to spectral leakage and frequency aliasing when applied to textured or irregular surfaces. To address these limitations, we propose a single-shot 3D reconstruction framework based on multiscale total generalized variation.

Efficiency, Microbial Communities, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Denitrification Biological Filter: Insights into Varied Pore Ceramsite Media.

This study presented an investigation into the role of ceramsite pore structures in optimizing DNBFs for nitrate-contaminated water treatment. Through systematic comparison of three ceramsite media (CE1, CE2, CE3) with distinct pore structures, we elucidated the microbial mechanisms underlying nitrate removal efficiency by analyzing denitrification performance, biomass accumulation, EPS, microbial community structure, and nitrogen metabolic function. Results demonstrated that the CE2 medium, characterized by an effective porosity (pore size > 0.

1 kHz, 10 mJ, sub-200 fs regenerative amplifier utilizing a dual-crystal configuration of Yb:CaGdAlO featuring exceptional beam quality.

In order to boost the energy of the femtosecond regenerative amplifier (RA), we adopt the chirped pulse amplification technique to stretch the seed pulses through the Martinez stretcher and inject them into our specially designed dual-crystal regenerative cavity based on the Yb:CaGdAlO (Yb:CGA) crystals. To avoid damaging the component coating, we meticulously regulate the size of the cavity mode on the surface of each component within the cavity to ensure that the energy density remains below the damage threshold. The final output of 11.

Holistic Optimization toward Ultrathin Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Mechanical Robustness.

An ultrathin and flexible perovskite solar cell (f-PSC) is highly desirable as a portable power source, while the rigidity of key components including perovskite and transparent electrode of a device leads to challenges in fabrication. Here, several approaches are developed to improve the mechanical flexibility and photovoltaic performance of ultrathin f-PSCs. First, a two-dimensional perovskite with low Young's modulus is introduced at the boundaries of perovskite films as a lubricant to release stress which is confirmed by in situ TEM characterization.

High temporal contrast 1053 nm femtosecond pulses via spectral broadening and filtering in an air-filled multi-pass cell using a Yb:CALGO amplifier.

Temporal contrast is crucial for the interaction of ultraintense, ultrashort pulse lasers with matter. Seed laser sources that offer high temporal contrast are essential for enhancing overall temporal contrast. In this study, we demonstrate the generation of a high temporal contrast seed laser by spectral broadening and filtering of a Yb: CALGO femtosecond amplifier in an air-filled multi-pass cell (MPC).

A stacking ensemble machine learning model for predicting postoperative axial pain intensity in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy.

Machine learning (ML) has been extensively utilized to predict complications associated with various diseases. This study aimed to develop ML-based classifiers employing a stacking ensemble strategy to forecast the intensity of postoperative axial pain (PAP) in patients diagnosed with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). A total of 711 consecutive postoperative DCM patients were included between 2016 and 2024, and after excluding patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria and those who met the exclusion criteria, a total of 484 patients were ultimately included in this study.

Diurnal variations of atmospheric electric fields on fair weather days and its correlations with aerosols, wind speed, irradiance, and relative humidity.

The atmospheric electric field (AEF) is an important electrical phenomenon that occurs between the Earth's surface and the ionosphere. It is primarily formed by negative charges on the surface and positive charges in the ionosphere, and is regulated by multiple factors, such as solar activity, meteorological conditions, and air pollution. On the basis of AEF's observational data from fair weather days in the Chenggong district of Yunnan, this study analyzes its daily variation trends, focusing on its correlations with the air quality indicator concentrations of PM2.

Out-of-distribution generalization via composition: A lens through induction heads in Transformers.

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 sometimes appear to be creative, solving novel tasks often with a few demonstrations in the prompt. These tasks require the models to generalize on distributions different from those from training data-which is known as out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. Despite the tremendous success of LLMs, how they approach OOD generalization remains an open and underexplored question.

Efficacy of Chinese Medicine on Postoperative Rehabilitation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), a Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: With an increasing number of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients being offered surgical treatment, postoperative rehabilitation is also being increasingly emphasized. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) holds promise for enhancing postoperative recovery, with treatment methods still in refinement. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal decoction and Liuzijue exercises in NSCLC patients during the rapid postoperative recovery period.

Generation of 100 W, millijoule-class picosecond laser from a single-stage Yb:YAG dual-crystal bulk amplifier.

We demonstrate a dual-crystal Yb:YAG bulk regenerative amplifier that delivers a hundred-watt average power and millijoule-class pulse energy. The repetition rate of the presented laser is tunable from 50 kHz to 300 kHz, with the highest pulse energy and laser power of 1.9 mJ and 108.

Preparation and texture assessment of purple red rice bran anthocyanins-rice starch based dysphagia food masses.

The decline in physiological functions caused by aging increases the prevalence of dysphagia. Anthocyanins play a dual role in enhancing the nutrition of the food and influencing its swallowing properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of anthocyanins from purple red rice bran on the viscosity, rheological and textural properties, and IDDSI classification of rice starch-based dysphagia food masses.

Developing predictive models for residual back pain after percutaneous vertebral augmentation treatment for osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures based on machine learning technique.

Background: Machine learning (ML) has been widely applied to predict the outcomes of numerous diseases. The current study aimed to develop a prognostic prediction model using machine learning algorithms and identify risk factors associated with residual back pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebrae compression fracture (OVCF) following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).

Methods: A total of 863 OVCF patients who underwent PVP surgery were enrolled and analyzed.

Intra- and inter-network connectivity abnormalities associated with surgical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy patients: a resting-state fMRI study.

Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) has revealed functional changes at the cortical level in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) patients. The aim of this study was to systematically integrate static and dynamic functional connectivity (FC) to unveil abnormalities of functional networks of DCM patients and to analyze the prognostic value of these abnormalities for patients using resting-state fMRI. In this study, we collected clinical data and fMRI data from 44 DCM patients and 39 healthy controls (HC).

InDel mutations within the bovine gene are significantly associated with reproductive traits.

Functioning as a key regulator of circadian rhythms, the gene exerts a substantial impact on the reproductive traits of animals. However, the effect of the gene on ovarian development remains unclear. In order to examine the relationship between bovine reproductive trait and the gene, a total of 901 ovarian samples were collected, categorized into different oestrus cycles (proestrus, oestrus, post-oestrus, anoestrous), and subjected to analysis for two potential insertion/deletions (InDels) in the gene.

High-performance electrolyte-gated amorphous InGaZnO field-effect transistor for label-free DNA sensing.

Accurate, convenient, label-free, and cost-effective biomolecules detection platforms are currently in high demand. In this study, we showcased the utilization of electrolyte-gated InGaZnO field-effect transistors (IGZO FETs) featuring a large on-off current ratio of over 10 and a low subthreshold slope of 78.5 mV/dec.

EXPAR for biosensing: recent developments and applications.

Emerging as a promising novel amplification technique, the exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) offers significant advantages due to its potent exponential amplification capability, straightforward reaction design, rapid reaction kinetics, and isothermal operation. The past few years have witnessed swift advancements and refinements in EXPAR-based technologies, with numerous high-performance biosensing systems documented. A deeper understanding of the EXPAR mechanism has facilitated the proposal of novel strategies to overcome limitations inherent to traditional EXPAR.

Neurodevelopmental toxicity of a ubiquitous disinfection by-product, bromoacetic acid, in Zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Disinfection of public drinking water and swimming pools is crucial for preventing waterborne diseases, but it can produce harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs), increasing the risk of various diseases for those frequently exposed to such environments. Bromoacetic acid (BAA) is a ubiquitous DBP, with toxicity studies primarily focused on its in vitro cytotoxicity, and insufficient research on its neurodevelopmental toxicity. Utilizing zebrafish as a model organism, this study comprehensively explored BAA's toxic effects and uncovered the molecular mechanisms through neurobehavioral analysis, in vivo two-photon imaging, transcriptomic sequencing, pharmacological intervention and molecular biological detection.

Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined With Liuzijue Exercise in Physiological Rehabilitation After Video-assisted Lung Lobectomy for Cancer: A Prospective Propensity Score Matching Study.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine combined with Liuzijue exercise on the physiological symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in postoperative patients with early-stage lung cancer.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-three lung cancer patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) were categorize into either a traditional Chinese medicine treatment group (CM) or a control group (non-traditional Chinese medicine treatment, NC), among whom 73 underwent Chinese herbal medicine and Liuzijue therapy, while 110 underwent no comprehensive treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. The propensity score matching (PSM) method with a 1:2 ratio was used to balance the baseline characteristics and evaluate the efficacy of CM in improving postoperative symptoms and QoL.

Combination of Brucea javanica oil emulsion and Aidi injection associated with the long‑term survival of a patient with colon cancer and lung metastases post‑chemotherapy: A case report.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Treatment options for patients with advanced CRC recurrence and metastases remain limited, particularly for those unable to withstand chemotherapy. oil emulsion (BJOE) and Aidi injection (ADI) are two plant-derived products that have antitumor effects.

The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer development and therapeutic response.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an essential role in tumor cell survival by profoundly influencing their proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by all cell types and often reflect the state of their parental cells and modulate other cells' functions through the various cargo they transport. Tumor-derived small EVs (TDSEVs) can transport specific proteins, nucleic acids and lipids tailored to propagate tumor signals and establish a favorable TME.

A comparative study on the gel and structural characteristics of starch from three rice varieties when combined with Mesona chinensis polysaccharides.

Mesona chinensis polysaccharide (MCP) has excellent gel-forming characteristic, previous studies showed that MCP could affect the gelling and structural properties of rice starch, but the effect of MCP on rice starch from different types is not clarified. In this study, the effects of MCP on the pasting, rheological, and structural characteristics of glutinous rice starch (GRS), japonica rice starch (JRS), and indica rice starch (IRS) were investigated. The results showed that GRS-MCP has the best viscosity, its peak and final viscosities are higher than JRS-MCP and IRS-MCP.

Structural and functional abnormalities in the medial prefrontal cortex were associated with pain and depressive symptoms in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Introduction: Chronic pain and depression have been shown to coexist in patients with adhesive capsulitis (AC). Recent studies identified the shared brain plasticity between pain and depression; however, how such neuroplasticity contributes to AC remains unclear. Here, we employed a combination of psychophysics, structural MRI, and functional MRI techniques to examine the brain's structural and functional changes in AC.