sp. nov. and sp. nov.; Two Novel Fungal Species Isolated from Soil in Korea.

During an investigation of microfungi from various ecosystems in South Korea, two novel fungal species (KNUF-22-094 and KNUF-23-321C) were discovered within the genera and . The strain KNUF-22-094 stands out among other species due to its distinctive conidiogenous cells and conidial size ranges. The conidiogenous cells of KNUF-22-094 measured 2.

Pectobacterium jejuense sp. nov. Isolated from Cucumber Stem Tissue.

A single Pectobacterium-like strain named 13-115 was isolated from a specimen of diseased cucumber stem tissue collected on Jeju Island, South Korea. The strain presented a rod-like shape and was negative for Gram staining. When grown on R2A medium at 25 °C, strain 13-115 formed round, convex and white colonies.

Isoquercitrin isolated from newly bred Green ball apple peel in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage regulates NF-κB inflammatory pathways and cytokines.

Apple peel has several bioactive properties. The fruit is grown worldwide, and its ingredients are used medicinally. However, its anti-inflammatory activities are poorly characterized.

Adhaeribacter terrigena sp. nov., Isolated from Korean Soil.

A bacterial strain, designated BT258, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Uijeongbu-si, Gyeong-do Province, Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram stain negative, aerobic, rod shaped, motile by gliding, and formed light pink-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Growth of the isolate was observed at 10-37 °C and pH 6-7.

Mucilaginibacter segetis sp. nov., Isolated from Soil.

A bacterial strain, SD-g, was isolated from a soil sample collected on Dokdo Island, South Korea. Cells were observed to be Gram stain negative and short rod shaped, and colonies to be pink in color. Growth of the isolate was observed at 4-30 °C, pH 6-8, and in the presence of 0-2.

Isolated isoquercitrin from Green ball apple peel inhibits photoaging in CCD-986Sk fibroblasts cells via modulation of the MMPs signaling.

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is viewed as the main factor of skin aging, associated with acceleration of elastin, collagen degradation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Apples are one of the most commonly eaten fruits in the world, and isoquercitrin is the main active ingredient in new bred varieties "Green ball" apple. Therefore, we are studying the functionality of the active ingredient of apple, a natural raw material that does not have toxicity or sensitivity problems.

Characterization of Fruit Quality Attributes and Cell Wall Metabolism in 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated 'Summer King' and 'Green Ball' Apples During Cold Storage.

This study aimed to elucidate whether 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment delays the fruit softening mechanism associated with the fruit quality of the newly released apple cultivars "Summer King" and "Green Ball" during cold storage. For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening. In addition, the treated fruit significantly delayed fresh weight loss and reduction of soluble solids content, especially in "Green Ball.

Hymenobacter pomorum sp. nov., Isolated from Apple Orchard Soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated 9-2-1-1, was isolated from apple orchard soil in Daegu, Republic of Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate belongs to the family Cytophagaceae, Bacteroidetes and it is most closely related to Hymenobacter metalli A2-91 (97.8% similarity) and Hymenobacter marinus KJ035 (96.

Flavobacterium knui sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae.

A Gram-stain negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated 2-56, was isolated from water and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 2-56 belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae in the phylum Bacteroidetes and is closely related to Flavobacterium paronense KNUS1 (98.4%) and Flavobacterium collinsense 4-T-2 (96.

Hymenobacter jeollabukensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated 1-3-3-8, was isolated from soil and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 1-3-3-8 belongs to the family Cytophagaceae of phylum Bacteroidetes and is most closely related to Hymenobacter paludis KBP-30 (96.8% similarity), Hymenobacter ocellatus Myx2105 (96.

Hymenobacter segetis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on a novel strain designated as S7-3-11, which was isolated from soil of the Gyeongsangnam-do province in Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain S7-3-11 belongs to the genus Hymenobacter and is most closely related to Hymenobacter ruber PB156 (97.9%), Hymenobacter daeguensis 16F3Y-2 (97.

Hymenobacter pedocola sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from soil.

Strain S12-2-1 was isolated from a soil sample collected in the Gyeongsangnam-do province of the Republic of Korea. The isolate is a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, short, rod-shaped bacterium, and its colonies are red to pink in colour. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene identified strain S12-2-1 as a member of the genus Hymenobacter in the family Cytophagaceae, with high levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Hymenobacter arizonensis OR362-8 (97.

Hymenobacter agri sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from soil.

A bacterial isolate was recovered from a soil sample collected in Jeollabuk-do Province, South Korea, and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic assessment. Cells of the isolate, designated strain S1-2-1-2-1, were observed to be rod-shaped, pink in color, and Gram-stain negative. The strain was able to grow at temperature range from 10 to 30 °C, with an optimum of 25 °C, and growth occurred at pH 6-8.

Spirosoma horti sp. nov., isolated from apple orchard soil.

A Gram-negative, motile by gliding, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated S7-3-19, was isolated from apple orchard soil in Gyeongsangnam-do Province, Republic of Korea, and characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain S7-3-19 belonged to the family Cytophagaceae and was most closely related to Spirosoma linguale DSM 74 (96.38 %), Spirosoma fluviale MSd3 (96.

Spirosoma pomorum sp. nov., isolated from apple orchard soil.

A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated S7-2-11, was isolated from apple orchard soil from Gyeongsangnam-do Province, Republic of Korea, and was characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain S7-2-11 belongs to the family Cytophagaceae in phylum Bacteroidetes, and is closely related to Spirosoma luteolum 16F6E (94.2% identity), Spirosoma knui 15J8-12 (92.

Spirosoma agri sp. nov., Isolated from Apple Orchard Soil.

A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated S7-3-3, was isolated from apple orchard soil in Gyeongsangnam-do province, South Korea, and was characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S7-3-3 belonged to the family Cytophagaceae in the phylum Bacteroidetes was most closely related to Spirosoma rigui WPCB118 (94.3%), Spirosoma pulveris JSH5-14 (93.

Spirosoma migulaei sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated 15J9-8, was isolated from soil on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The isolate was able to grow between 10 and 30°C, pH 6.5-8.

Spirosoma terrae sp. nov., Isolated from Soil from Jeju Island, Korea.

The taxonomic position of bacterial strain, designated 15J9-4, recovered from a beach soil sample on Jeju Island, South Korea, was established using a polyphasic approach. Strain 15J9-4 was assigned to phylum Bacteroidetes within the family Cytophagaceae based on 16S rRNA gene similarities. The closest phylogenetic relatives with validly published names were Spirosoma panaciterrae Gsoil 1519 (94.

Spirosoma flavus sp. nov., a novel bacterium from soil of Jeju Island.

A novel, Gram-staining negative, yellow pigmented bacterial strain, designated 15J11-2, was isolated from soil sample on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The strain was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. The strain was able to grow at temperature range from 10°C to 30°C, pH 7-8, and in presence of 0-1% (w/v) NaCl.

Spirosoma koreense sp. nov., a species of the family Cytophagaceae isolated from beach soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated 15J8-5, was isolated from beach soil on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The isolate grew at 10-37 °C (optimal 25 °C), pH 6-8 (optimal pH 7) and in the presence of 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. The results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain 15J8-5 represented a member of the family Cytophagaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes and was most closely related to Spirosoma knui 15J8-12 (93.

Synergistic Effect of Nano-Sliver with Sucrose on Extending Vase Life of the Carnation cv. Edun.

We investigated the effects of sucrose and nano-silver (NAg) on extending the vase life of cut carnation flowers "Edun". Sucrose (pulse treatment) suppressed ethylene production by downregulating the genes that code for its biosynthesis. Relative to the control, however, sucrose significantly promoted xylem blockage on cut stem surfaces and reduced relative fresh weight, antioxidant activity, and cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene () expression.

Whitening and anti-wrinkle activities of ferulic acid isolated from Tetragonia tetragonioides in B16F10 melanoma and CCD-986sk fibroblast cells.

Ferulic acid isolated from Tetragonia tetragonioides was tested for its whitening effect on the B16F10 mouse melanoma cell line and its anti-wrinkle activity on the CCD-986sk human dermal fibroblast cell line. Ferulic acid, one of the primary phenolic compounds that can be isolated from T. tetragonioides, has been reported to show potential as a functional food, for its whitening effect and anti-wrinkle activity.