Deterministic fabrication of highly reproducible monochromatic quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride.

Quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride are important room temperature single-photon sources. However, conventional fabrication methods yield quantum emitters with dispersed and inconsistent spectral profiles, limiting their potential for practical quantum applications, which demand reproducible high quality single-photon sources. Here, we report the deterministic creation of highly reproducible monochromatic quantum emitters by applying carbon-ion implantation on freestanding hexagonal boron nitride flakes, while a carbon mask with suitable thickness was adapted to optimize the implantation results.

Probing Surface Plasmon Dynamics in Periodic Nanostructures through Ultrafast Electron Microscopy.

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be manipulated to localize and guide light in subwavelength distances, enabling them to find applications in a wide range of areas, from sensing to quantum computing. Among several methods of SPP excitation, periodic arrays of nano- and microstructures are of particular interest, as they enable engineering SPP properties through structural parameters. Here, using the photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM) technique, we investigated the mode formation, coupling, interference, and decay of SPPs in square and hexagonal arrays of circular nanoholes under both visible and near-infrared excitation.

doc2a and doc2b contribute to locomotor and social behaviors by down-regulating npas4b in zebrafish.

Background: Copy number variations (CNVs) occurring on chromosome 16p11.2 are associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. Among the genes situated within the critical CNV region, DOC2A is noteworthy.

Coordinated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal mechanisms involved in smut disease resistance in Rheum officinale Baill.

The rampant outbreak of smut disease has led to a sharp decline in the yield and quality of Rheum officinale Baill. (R. officinale), therefore, research on the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways of smut disease is urgent.

Ginseng exosomal miRNA ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by mediating KRAS-MAPK signaling.

As crucial roles of interkingdom crosstalk between plants and mammalian, plant-derived vesicle- like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) have various bioactivity and higher penetrability, showing potentiality to develop as therapeutic agents and drug carriers. Here, we isolated nanoparticles from Ginseng, a crucial candidate herbal medicine for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and found that Ginseng-derived nanoparticles (GDNPs) could spread into joints and exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Mechanistically, GDNPs delivered ginseng specific pgi-miR6135j into synovial macrophages to directly inhibit KRAS expression, a positive regulator of MAPK pathway, resulting reduced phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathway.

Nomogram for predicting secondary surgery in patients with concomitant exotropia.

Concomitant exotropia (CX), a common form of strabismus, often requires surgical correction, yet up to 60% of patients undergo secondary surgery (SS) due to recurrence or residual deviation. Current risk prediction tools remain limited by inconsistent variables and short-term follow-up. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram integrating long-term follow-up data to predict individualized SS risk in CX patients.

Metabolomics Approach Revealed Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Disorders as Pathogenesis for Chronic Pancreatitis-Induced Osteoporosis in Mice.

Osteoporosis is frequently observed in patients with chronic pancreatitis, and both conditions are closely associated with systemic metabolic disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms linking chronic pancreatitis and osteoporosis remain unclear. In this study, we utilized high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) to conduct metabolomics and lipidomics analyses on pancreatic, serum, and other tissues from a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis-induced osteoporosis (CP-OP), with the aim to elucidate the metabolism-related pathogenic mechanisms of CP-OP.

Ultrastable Gold Nanostars via Bottlebrush-like Block Copolymers.

Gold (Au) nanostars are plasmonic nanostructures possessing potentials for small molecule detection, photocatalytic activities, and photothermal therapy. However, Au nanostars synthesized in the traditional way are often plagued by poor photo, thermal, and chemical stabilities. Here, we report an unconventional route to the synthesis of ultrastable colloidal Au nanostars enabled by bottlebrush-like block copolymers (BBCPs), dispensing with the need for Au seeds.

Knocking Down Ferredoxin 1 Inhibits the Progression of Colorectal Cancer and Regulates Cuproptosis via Mediating the Hippo Signaling Pathway.

Cuproptosis is a form of programmed cell death dependent on mitochondrial respiration and is crucial in cancer treatment. The study attempted to screen cuproptosis-associated genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) and reveal regulatory pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to screen the co-expression modules based on gene expression in CRC patients.

Lattice Anisotropy-Driven Reduction of Phonon Velocities in Black Phosphorus.

Phonon dynamics and transport determine how heat is utilized and dissipated in materials. In 2D systems for optoelectronics and thermoelectrics, the impact of nanoscale material structure on phonon propagation is central to controlling thermal conduction. Here, we directly observe in-plane coherent acoustic phonon propagation in black phosphorus (BP) using ultrafast electron microscopy.

Effect of -related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms and brain neurotransmitters in mice.

The effects of (Hp)-related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms or brain neurotransmitters are not fully understood. Here, this study selected SPF C57BL/6 mice to set up a Hp-related chronic gastritis experiment group and a blank control group, and used omics to explore the specific effects of Hp-related chronic gastritis on gastrointestinal microorganisms and brain neurotransmitters in mice. The Tyramine (TyrA) content in the female experiment group's brain was considerably reduced compared to the female control group ( < 0.

Comparative transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into the seed germination of Panax japonicus, an endangered species in China.

Panax japonicus, an endangered species in China, is usually used as a traditional medicine with functions of hemostasis, pain relief, and detoxify. However, the seeds of P. japonicus are hard to germinate in natural conditions, and the molecular events and systematic changes occurring in seed germination are still largely unknown.

Composited sea surface responses to tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal during 2003-2020.

Tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) caused significant changes in the sea surface as they passed through the sea. To quantitatively study the differences in oceanic responses caused by TCs during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in the BoB from 2003 to 2020 and the varying importance of TC intensity and translation speed in modulating oceanic responses, the oceanic environmental parameters affected by TCs were composited and analyzed. The spatial distributions show that the responses of sea surface temperature (SST) rather than chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations and sea surface salinity (SSS) coincided with the maximum response centers of the wind power index (WPi).

Dietary-timing-induced gut microbiota diurnal oscillations modulate inflammatory rhythms in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by inflammatory activity with distinct rhythmic fluctuations. However, the precise mechanisms governing these inflammatory rhythms remain elusive. Here, we explore the interaction between dietary patterns, gut microbiota diurnal oscillations, and the rhythmicity of RA in both collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice and patients with RA and highlight the significance of dietary timing in modulating RA inflammatory rhythms linked to gut microbiota.

Hierarchical lncRNA regulatory network in early-onset severe preeclampsia.

Background: Recent studies have shown that several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the placenta are associated with preeclampsia (PE). However, the extent to which lncRNAs may contribute to the pathological progression of PE is unclear.

Results: Here, we report a hierarchical regulatory network involved in early-onset severe PE (EOSPE).

Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate protects vascular relaxation in ApoE-knockout mice by inhibiting the SYK-NLRP3 inflammasome-MMP2/9 pathway.

Background: Hyperlipidemia damages vascular wall and serves as a foundation for diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and stiffness. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in vascular dysfunction associated with hyperlipidemia-induced vascular injury. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a well-established cardiovascular protective drug with recognized anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory properties, is yet to be thoroughly investigated for its impact on vascular relaxant imbalance induced by hyperlipidemia.

Nanosecond Structural Dynamics during Electrical Melting of Charge Density Waves in 1T-TaS_{2}.

Electrical control of charge density waves has been of immense interest, as the strong underlying electron-lattice interactions potentially open new, efficient pathways for manipulating their ordering and, consequently, their electronic properties. However, the transition mechanisms are often unclear as electric field, current, carrier injection, heat, and strain can all contribute and play varying roles across length scales and timescales. Here, we provide insight on how electrical stimulation melts the room temperature charge density wave order in 1T-TaS_{2} by visualizing the atomic and mesoscopic structural dynamics from quasi-static to nanosecond pulsed melting.

Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the effects of selenium on the growth and quality of .

Thunb () is an important medicinal and edible plant with outstanding functionality for selenium (Se) biofortification. However, the molecular response of to exogenous Se has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of different levels of Se on growth and quality were explored by transcriptome, metabolome and biochemical analyses.

FGF21 overexpression alleviates VSMC senescence in diabetic mice by modulating the SYK-NLRP3 inflammasome-PPARγ-catalase pathway.

Diabetes accelerates vascular senescence, which is the basis for atherosclerosis and stiffness. The activation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and oxidative stress are closely associated with progressive senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The vascular protective effect of FGF21 has gradually gained increasing attention, but its role in diabetes-induced vascular senescence needs further investigation.

Competition between ocean thermal structure and tropical cyclone characteristics modulates ocean environmental responses in the Yellow and Bohai Seas.

To study the environmental responses of tropical cyclones (TCs) in continental shelf regions, TCs passing over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea (YBS) during 2002-2020 were investigated, with a special focus on how competition between ocean thermal structure and TC characteristics modulates ocean surface changes. The spatial distributions of the climatic mixed layer depth (MLD), accumulated wind forcing power index (WPi), accumulated sea surface temperature (SST) changes and accumulated chlorophyll (Chl-a) changes in the YBS were calculated. The linear regressions indicate that both the TC-induced SST cooling and TC-induced Chl-a increase are correlated with the TC wind speed rather than the translation speed, especially when the TC forcing depth (Z) is greater than the MLD.

Ultrafast Nanoimaging of Spin-Mediated Shear Waves in an Acoustic Cavity.

Strong spin-lattice coupling in van der Waals (vdW) magnets shows potential for innovative magneto-mechanical applications. Here, nanoscale and picosecond imaging by ultrafast electron microscopy reveal heterogeneous spin-mediated coherent acoustic phonon dynamics in a thin-film cavity of the vdW antiferromagnet FePS. The harmonics of the interlayer shear acoustic modes are observed, in which the even and odd harmonics exhibit distinct nanoscopic dynamics.