Advances in chitin and chitosan-based materials for microplastics treatment.

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as widespread environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, primarily due to the extensive use of plastic products, their persistent nature, and improper disposal methods. It is essential to develop effective purification methods to treat the hazardous MPs in water. Chitin and chitosan (CS) have gained attention as promising adsorbents for MPs because of their low cost, abundance, biodegradability, and the presence of functional groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups, which facilitate the removal of various toxins from wastewater.

Microplastics monitoring in different environments: separation, physicochemical characterization, and quantification.

Multiple environments (such as water and soil) on Earth are contaminated with randomly distributed microplastics (MPs). Wind and water can redistribute MPs from their point sources to diverse locations (such as farmland, lakes, and rivers), thus necessitating simultaneous monitoring. This study systematically investigated the contamination of MPs in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), its surrounding water bodies, and the soils around plastic factories.

Enhancement of environmental microplastics (MPs) degradation via bacteria under stress conditions: key enzymes, pathways, and mechanisms.

Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging pollutant that needs effective bioremediation strategies. Strategies, including microbial implementation, enzymes, and insect-mediated degradation, have been effectively deployed and reviewed for the biodegradation of MPs. Thus, this review focused on utilizing multiple stressors (biotic and abiotic) to enhance MPs biodegradation.

A distinct neural ensemble to integrate contradictory information and form long-term memory in .

Interpreting contradictory information to favor survival is a crucial challenge for the brain. Although the parallel competing mode and memory convergence mode are proposed to resolve how contradictory information is processed in the brain, no detailed regulatory mechanism is proposed, and the formation of a memory trace to support either one is also lacking. The current study demonstrated that competition and integration existed after contradictory training, i.

Unlocking a Water Coordination Environment in Co-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Advanced Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (-NORR) offers a promising and sustainable alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process, enabling decentralized ammonia production under ambient conditions. However, the efficiency of -NORR is limited by the sluggish reaction kinetics due to the high activation energy barriers, poor mass transport, and the weaker adsorption affinity of the catalyst surface. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a stable three-dimensional cobalt-based metal-organic framework (HUST-38), constructed from benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate ligand and DABCO, featuring water coordination within its framework.

Effect of various parameters on the morphology of anodic WO nanostructure: transition from nanoflowers to nanosheets.

Nanomaterials with diverse morphologies have attracted considerable attention owing to their applications in numerous scientific disciplines. This study investigated the influence of various experimental parameters on the morphology of anodic WO nanostructures obtained in aqueous HNO. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that WO comprises a monoclinic phase, while field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) results revealed the formation of WO nanoflowers and nanosheets morphologies under optimized conditions.

Effect of stormwater and land use on biogeochemical transformations of dissolved and particulate phosphorus in freshwater systems.

Climate change increases the frequency of storm events, which flush land pollutants, including phosphorus (P), into freshwater bodies; nonetheless, understanding the biogeochemical transformation of P in dissolved and particulate forms during storm events is still challenging. We collected surface water samples during storm and dry weather flow from five study sites along a pH gradient for measurement of P species, including: dissolved inorganic P (DIP) and organic P (DOP); colloidal organic and inorganic P (COP and CIP); and particulate organic and inorganic P (POP and PIP). In dry weather flow, DIP levels rise due to low concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) (11-23 mg L) and desorption from the particulate matter.

Microbial transformation of sewage sludge to biolipid-based fuel using potential oleaginous bacteria sp.

Introduction: The high proportion of sludge generation worldwide has sparked interest in utilizing it for alternative purposes. Among different potential applications, using sludge as a substrate for oleaginous bacteria is a relatively novel approach. The study was conducted to harness sp.

Identification and functional characterization of a novel CaSrpA enzyme for selenite reduction and selenium nanoparticle formation.

Selenite reductases are widely distributed across various oxidoreductase families (e.g., ThxR, OYE, and FccA enzymes) [1].

Amphoteric Metal Ion-Coordinated Chitosan Membranes for Efficient Hydroxide Ion Transport.

Hydroxide exchange membranes (HEMs) have attracted extensive attention in energy-related fields, such as fuel cells and water electrolysis, primarily due to their suitability for alkaline environments. However, the practical application of membranes is hindered significantly by their limited conductivity. In this study, a series of amphoteric metal ion-coordinated chitosan (CTS-AM) membranes with enhanced hydroxide ion conductivity are reported.

Investigation of coplanar waveguide fed SWB antenna with controllable stop band characteristics.

This study presents a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna engineered for super-wideband (SWB) applications. The antenna is designed to resonate at frequencies ranging from 2.44 GHz to over 25 GHz.

Expression of concern: A hysteresis-free perovskite transistor with exceptional stability through molecular cross-linking and amine-based surface passivation.

Expression of concern for 'A hysteresis-free perovskite transistor with exceptional stability through molecular cross-linking and amine-based surface passivation' by Hyeong Pil Kim , , 2020, , 7641-7650, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR10745B.

The probiotic enhances donor microbiota stability and improves the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for treating colitis.

Introduction: The stability and metabolic functionality of donor microbiota are critical determinants of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While probiotics show potential to enhance microbiota resilience, their role in optimizing donor microbiota for FMT remains underexplored.

Objectives: This study investigated whether pretreatment of donor microbiota with L.

Microbial conversion of Limonene-containing waste into transesterifiable bio-lipids: Evaluating oleaginous bacterial isolates.

Bio-oil is increasingly recognized as a sustainable and eco-friendly energy source, offering a viable alternative to petro-diesel. This study evaluates the bio-oil production potential of a novel oleaginous strain, KM9 (Serratia surfactantfaciens YD25) compared with the known oleaginous species R. erythropolis.

Spatially resolved localization of Cd and Mn and their interactions in the Cd/Mn hyperaccumulator Celosia argentea Linn.

Celosia argentea Linn. has recently been identified as a hyperaccumulator of both manganese (Mn) and cadmium (Cd). However, the mechanisms by which C.

Dynamic interaction of antibiotic resistance between plant microbiome and organic fertilizers: sources, dissemination, and health risks.

Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem driven by the irrational use of antibiotics in different areas (such as agriculture, animal farming, and human healthcare). Sub-lethal concentrations of antibiotic residues impose selective pressure on environmental, plant-associated, and human microbiome leading to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). This review summarizes all sources of antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils (including manure, sewage sludge, wastewater, hospitals/pharmaceutical industry, and bioinoculants).

Differential phase contrast intensity diffraction tomography.

Intensity diffraction tomography (IDT) is a label-free computational microscopy technique that infers 3D refractive index (RI) and absorption distributions of objects from intensity-only measurements. Nevertheless, the inherent coherent image formation model requires sequential intensity measurements under various plane wave illuminations, resulting in time-consuming data acquisition and low imaging speed. In this Letter, we propose differential phase contrast intensity diffraction tomography (DPC-IDT), which leverages partially coherent illumination to extend the accessible spectrum range, thereby achieving high-speed, motion-free 3D tomographic microscopy.

Solvent Free Ambient Pressure CO Cycloaddition Catalyzed by Cobalt-Impregnated 2D-Nanofibrous COFs.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) constitute an evolving class of permanently porous and ordered materials, and they have recently attracted increased interest due to their intriguing morphological features and numerous applications in gas storage, adsorption, and catalysis. However, their low aqueous stabilities and tedious syntheses generally hamper their use in heterogeneous catalysis. Nonetheless, a capable and water-stable heterogeneous catalytic system for coupling CO/epoxides to generate industrially important cyclic carbonates is still of great interest.

Feeding Behavior and Detection in , a Malaria Vector in District Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: is a significant malaria vector in Pakistan, and understanding its feeding behavior is necessary to control the spread of malaria. However, limited information is available on the host preferences of in Pakistan. Therefore, we aimed to explore the feeding behavior of , a malaria vector, in the District Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.