Isolation and identification of diterpenoids and lignans from the Juniperus sabina L. with insecticidal activities.

Background: Botanical insecticides have received extensive attention due to their environmental friendliness and biodegradability. The isolation and identification of active compounds are the most innovative and vigorous stages in botanical pesticide development. This study aims to isolate and identify the insecticidal compounds present in Juniperus sabina L.

Morphological and nanostructural characteristics of aircraft-emitted soot particles during taxiing condition: A comparative study based on TAPS combustor.

Soot particles emitted by aircraft during taxiing are significant anthropogenic pollutants around airports, posing substantial risks to local environment and public health. Therefore, understanding the emission characteristics and factors influencing soot particle formation during taxiing is crucial for environmental protection around airports. This study investigated the emission characteristics, microscopic morphology, and nanostructural features of soot particles during taxiing, based on the Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) combustor, which is widely employed in modern aero-engines.

Ultrafine particles deposition in human respiratory tract: Experimental measurement and modeling.

As part of the environmental contaminants, the ubiquitous ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the atmosphere pose adverse impacts on the environment and human beings. Human respiratory and cardiovascular diseases induced by UFPs strongly depend on their regional and total deposition fraction (TDF) in the respiratory tract. This study investigated the deposition of UFPs in various respiratory tract regions through transient and size-resolved measurement technique.

Emission reduction characteristics of heavy-fuel aircraft piston engine fueled with 100% HEFA sustainable aviation fuel.

With the projected expansion of the general aviation sector and recent breakthroughs in sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), accurately measuring emissions from novel aircraft engines powered by SAF is paramount for evaluating the role of aviation industry in emission reduction trends and environmental consequences. Current SAF research primarily centers on low blend ratios, neglecting data on 100% SAF. This study bridges this gap by experimentally determining emissions indices for gaseous pollutants (CO, CO, HC, NOx), total particulate matter (PM) counts and sizes, and non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) number and mass concentrations from a heavy-fuel aircraft piston engines (HF-APE) using hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids-derived SAF (HEFA-SAF), adhering to airworthiness-standard sampling and measurement protocols.

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Mechanism of in the Sucrose and Starch Synthesis Pathways in .

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins, originally identified in mammals, have since been found in most plants. TRAF proteins in plants have been shown to be involved in cellular autophagy, immunity, drought resistance, and ABA induction. However, the role in regulating sucrose and starch metabolism has not been reported.

Robinin protects chondrocytes injury via TLR2/TLR4/NF-κB signaling in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease closely related to aging and characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. Robinin is a natural agent with various pharmacological properties. Recently, Robinin has been found to have the potential to improve the bone-related diseases.

Assessing the particulate matter emission reduction characteristics of small turbofan engine fueled with 100 % HEFA sustainable aviation fuel.

With the continuous increase in global air transportation, the impact of ultrafine particulate matter (PM) emissions from aviation on human health and environmental pollution is becoming increasingly severe. In addition to carbon reduction throughout the lifecycle, Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) also represent a significant pathway for reducing PM emissions. However, due to issues such as airworthiness safety and adaptability, existing research has mostly focused on the emission performance of SAF when blended with traditional fuels at <50 %, leaving the emission characteristics of higher blending ratios to be explored.

Impacts of Fuel Stage Ratio on the Morphological and Nanostructural Characteristics of Soot Emissions from a Twin Annular Premixing Swirler Combustor.

Soot particles emitted from aircraft engines constitute a major anthropogenic source of pollution in the vicinity of airports and at cruising altitudes. This emission poses a significant threat to human health and may alter the global climate. Understanding the characteristics of soot particles, particularly those generated from Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) combustors, a mainstream combustor in civil aviation engines, is crucial for aviation environmental protection.

A convolutional neural network prediction model for aviation nitrogen oxides emissions throughout all flight phases.

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research on nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, and the environmental impact of aviation NOx emissions at cruising altitudes has received widespread attention. NOx may play a crucial role in altering the composition of the atmosphere, particularly regarding ozone formation in the upper troposphere. At present, the ground emission database based on the landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle is more comprehensive, while high-altitude emission data is scarce due to the prohibitively high cost and the inevitable measurement uncertainty associated with in-flight sampling.

Genome-Wide Identification of the SPP/SPPL Gene Family and Regulating Male Fertility in Rapeseed ( L.).

Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) and its homologs, signal peptide peptidase-like (SPPL) proteases, are members of the GxGD-type aspartyl protease family, which is widespread in plants and animals and is a class of transmembrane proteins with significant biological functions. have been identified; however, the functions of SPP/SPPL in rapeseed ( L.) have not been reported.

Preparation of Salicylic Acid-Functionalized Nanopesticides and Their Applications in Enhancing Salt Stress Resistance.

Soil salinization is one of the global ecological and environmental problems that are tremendously threatening to the sustainable development of agriculture and food supply. In this work, a facile strategy was proposed to enhance the salt stress resistance of plants by preparing salicylic acid (SA)-functionalized mesoporous silica nanocarriers loaded with emamectin benzoate (EB). The obtained nanopesticides demonstrated a particle size of less than 300 nm.

Tomato based gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel as an effective natural and low-cost scaffold for accelerative wound healing.

Oxidative stress and infection are the main reasons for postponement of wound healing rate. They can potentially lead to serious inflammation and eventually lead to a longer and more painful recovery phase. Although wound dressings based on synthetic materials with antioxidative property have been proved to exhibit remarkable effect in controlling ROS level and improving wound healing, issues, such as high cost in raw materials, complicated procedures, usage of various toxic additives, and potential allergies, have significantly confined further clinical applications.

Metabolite profiles and mass balance of fuzuloparib, a novel poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, in subjects with advanced solid cancers.

Aim: This trial (NCT04013048) investigated the metabolite profiles, mass balance and pharmacokinetics of fuzuloparib, a novel poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, in subjects with advanced solid cancers.

Methods: A single dose of 150 mg [ C]fuzuloparib was administered to five subjects with advanced solid cancers. Blood, urine and faecal samples were collected, analysed for radioactivity and unchanged fuzuloparib, and profiled for metabolites.

Mechanistic Study on the Species Differences in Excretion Pathway of HR011303 in Humans and Rats.

Excretion of [C]HR011303-derived radioactivity showed significant species difference. Urine (81.50% of dose) was the main excretion route in healthy male subjects, whereas feces (87.

Complete genome sequence of passiflora virus Y infecting passion fruit in China.

The complete genome sequence of passiflora virus Y (PaVY) from passion fruit growing in Guangdong province, China, was determined. The entire positive single-strand RNA genome comprises 9681 nucleotides (nt) excluding the poly(A) tail and encodes a polyprotein of 3084 amino acids flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions of 169 and 257 nt, respectively. In sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, PaVY appears to represent a new species in the bean common mosaic virus subgroup of the genus Potyvirus.

Antioxidant Enzyme-Mimetic Activity and Neuroprotective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Stabilized with Various Ratios of Citric Acid and EDTA.

Cerium oxide (CeO) nanoparticles (CeNPs) are potent antioxidants that are being explored as potential therapies for diseases in which oxidative stress plays an important pathological role. However, both beneficial and toxic effects of CeNPs have been reported, and the method of synthesis as well as physico-chemical, biological, and environmental factors can impact the ultimate biological effects of CeNPs. In the present study, we explored the effect of different ratios of citric acid (CA) and EDTA (CA/EDTA), which are used as stabilizers during synthesis of CeNPs, on the antioxidant enzyme-mimetic and biological activity of the CeNPs.

Highly efficient fluoride adsorption from aqueous solution by nepheline prepared from kaolinite through alkali-hydrothermal process.

A direct alkali-hydrothermal induced transformation process was adopted to prepare nepheline from raw kaolinite (shortened form RK in this paper) and NaOH solution in this paper. Structure and morphology characterizations of the synthetic product showed that the nepheline possessed high degree of crystallinity and uniform surface morphology. Specific surface area of nepheline is 18 m/g, with a point of zero charge at around pH 5.

Mediating Effects of Working Memory in the Relation Between Rapid Automatized Naming and Chinese Reading Comprehension.

This study examined the mediating role of working memory (WM) in the relation between rapid automatized naming (RAN) and Chinese reading comprehension. Three tasks assessing differentially visual and verbal components of WM were programmed by E-prime 2.0.

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2/Ang-(1-7)/mas axis protects brain from ischemic injury with a tendency of age-dependence.

Background: The angiotensin (Ang) converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor pathway is an important component of the renin-angiotensin system and has been suggested to exert beneficial effects in ischemic stroke.

Aims: This study explored whether the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas pathway has a protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury and whether this effect is affected by age.

Methods: We used three-month and eight-month transgenic mice with neural over-expression of ACE2 (SA) and their age-matched nontransgenic (NT) controls.

BMP7 induces the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes.

Injured articular cartilage has a poor capacity for spontaneous healing. So far, a satisfactory solution to repair the injured cartilage has not been found, but transgenic therapy might be a promising treatment. This study aims to evaluate the potential of transfecting bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), a secretory protein, into bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), in inducing the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into chondrocytes in vitro.

Ischemia-induced brain damage is enhanced in human renin and angiotensinogen double-transgenic mice.

To investigate the role of brain angiotensin II (ANG II) in the pathogenesis of injury following ischemic stroke, mice overexpressing renin and angiotensinogen (R+A+) and their wild-type control animals (R-A-) were used for experimental ischemia studies. Focal brain ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The severity of ischemic injury was determined by measuring neurological deficits and histological damage at 24 and 48 h after MCAO, respectively.

Purinergic activation of anion conductance and osmolyte efflux in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.

The majority of mammalian cells demonstrate regulatory volume decrease (RVD) following swelling caused by hyposmotic exposure. A critical signal initiating RVD is activation of nucleotide receptors by ATP. Elevated extracellular ATP in response to cytotoxic cell swelling during pathological conditions also may initiate loss of taurine and other intracellular osmolytes via anion channels.