Disulfidptosis-related genes RPN1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating cell cycle, may be a new therapeutic targets.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant type of liver cancer with a poor prognosis. Treatment methods include surgery, ablation, liver transplantation, and immunotherapy. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a significant role in the occurrence and treatment of HCC, and disulfidoptosis, as a novel type of PCD, is associated with tumor prognosis and anti-tumor immunity.

ERα-dependent crosstalk between macrophages and cancer cells potentiates vasculogenic mimicry and M2 macrophage polarization in bladder cancer.

Unlabelled: Gender related differences in the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer are affected by sex hormones and their receptor signaling pathways. Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting vascular endothelial growth factor do not show therapeutic effectiveness in bladder cancer patients. In this study, we found that the expression of ERα is positively correlated with vascular mimicry (VM) formation as well as the infiltration of M2 type tumor associated macrophages (TAM).

Identification of hub genes and potential molecular mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment-related radiotherapy sensitivity in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy of the female reproductive system; however, the five-year survival rate has not improved substantially over recent decades. This persistent challenge highlights the critical need to elucidate mechanisms underlying treatment sensitivity and investigate synergistic effects of multimodal therapies to overcome clinical therapeutic bottlenecks. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, this study identified a hub gene network associated with radiotherapy sensitivity in cervical cancer.

Differential associations of serum globulin and albumin-globulin ratio with depression in cancer and non-cancer populations: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The association of globulin and albumin-globulin ratio (AGR) with depression in cancer and non-cancer populations remains understudied. Therefore, this study aims to investigate this association and potential differences, with a focus on cancer-specific pathophysiology.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2005 to 2016.

Broadening horizons: molecular mechanisms and disease implications of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is defined as an important process of cellular differentiation by which endothelial cells (ECs) are prone to lose their characteristics and transform into mesenchymal cells. During EndMT, reduced expression of endothelial adhesion molecules disrupts intercellular adhesion, triggering cytoskeletal reorganization and mesenchymal transition. Numerous studies have proved that EndMT is a multifaceted biological event driven primarily by cytokines such as TGF-β, TNF-α, and IL-1β, alongside signaling pathways like WNT, Smad, MEK-ERK, and Notch.

Construction and validation of prognostic signature for transcription factors regulating T cell exhaustion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

In the tumor microenvironment (TME), CD8+ T cells showed stage exhaustion due to the continuous stimulation of tumor antigens. To evaluate the status of CD8+ T cells and reverse the exhaustion is the key to evaluate the prognosis and therapeutic effect of tumor patients. The aim of this study was to establish a prognostic signature that could effectively predict prognosis and response to immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Targeting PKM2 signaling cascade with salvianic acid A normalizes tumor blood vessels to facilitate chemotherapeutic drug delivery.

Aberrant tumor blood vessels are prone to propel the malignant progression of tumors, and targeting abnormal metabolism of tumor endothelial cells emerges as a promising option to achieve vascular normalization and antagonize tumor progression. Herein, we demonstrated that salvianic acid A (SAA) played a pivotal role in contributing to vascular normalization in the tumor-bearing mice, thereby improving delivery and effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic agent. SAA was capable of inhibiting glycolysis and strengthening endothelial junctions in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to hypoxia.

Ginseng polysaccharides ameliorate ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is regarded as a recurring inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, for which treatment approaches remain notably limited. In this study, we demonstrated that ginseng polysaccharides (GPs) could alleviate the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC as reflected by the ameliorated pathological lesions in the colon. GPs strikingly suppressed the expression levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines, as well as significantly inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells.

Application Prospect of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Organoids and Cell Therapy.

Since its inception, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has been hailed as a powerful tool for comprehending disease etiology and advancing drug screening across various domains. While earlier iPSC-based disease modeling and drug assessment primarily operated at the cellular level, recent years have witnessed a significant shift towards organoid-based investigations. Organoids derived from iPSCs offer distinct advantages, particularly in enabling the observation of disease progression and drug metabolism in an in vivo-like environment, surpassing the capabilities of iPSC-derived cells.

The Characteristics of Transcription Factors Regulating T Cell Exhaustion Were Analyzed to Predict the Prognosis and Therapeutic Effect in Patients with HCC.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, posing a significant threat to people in diverse regions. T-cell exhaustion (Tex) can hinder the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with HCC, and the transcription factors that regulate Tex in HCC have not yet been fully elucidated.

Patients And Methods: We used the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method to define the transcription factor pathway that regulates Tex and employed LASSO regression analysis to establish Tex related genes (TEXRS).

Ginsenoside Rh2 enhances immune surveillance of natural killer (NK) cells via inhibition of ERp5 in breast cancer.

Background: One critical component of the immune system that prevents breast cancer cells from forming distant metastasis is natural killer (NK) cells participating in immune responses to tumors. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) as one of the major active ingredients of ginseng has been employed in treatment of cancers, but the function of GRh2 in modulating the development of breast cancer remains elusive.

Purpose: This study was to dissect the effect of GRh2 against breast cancer and its potential mechanisms associated with NK cells, both in vitro and in vivo.

Advance in the pharmacological effects of quercetin in modulating oxidative stress and inflammation related disorders.

Numerous pharmacological effects of quercetin have been illustrated, including antiinflammation, antioxidation, and anticancer properties. In recent years, the antioxidant activity of quercetin has been extensively reported, in particular, its impacts on glutathione, enzyme activity, signaling transduction pathways, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Quercetin has also been demonstrated to exert a striking antiinflammatory effect mainly by inhibiting the production of cytokines, reducing the expression of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, and preserving the integrity of mast cells.

Targeting the androgen receptor to enhance NK cell killing efficacy in bladder cancer by modulating ADAR2/circ_0001005/PD-L1 signaling.

Although androgen receptor (AR) can influence bladder cancer (BCa) initiation and progression, its impact on tumor immune escape remains unclear. Here, we found that targeting AR could enhance natural killer (NK) cell tumor-killing efficacy by decreasing PD-L1 expression. Both antiandrogen treatment and AR knockdown effectively reduced membrane PD-LI expression to facilitate NK cell-mediated BCa cell killing by downregulating circ_0001005.

Tumor-associated macrophage-derived exosomes transmitting miR-193a-5p promote the progression of renal cell carcinoma via TIMP2-dependent vasculogenic mimicry.

Previous studies have investigated whether tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play tumorigenic and immunosuppressive roles to encourage cancer development, but the role of TAMs in regulating vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells has not been completely clarified. We conducted immunostaining of the tumor-associated macrophage biomarkers CD68/CD163 and double staining for PAS/CD31 in ccRCC human specimens to find that higher TAM infiltration was positively correlated with VM formation. Then we demonstrated that TAM-derived exosomes downregulate TIMP2 expression in RCC cells to promote VM and invasion by shuttling miR-193a-5p.

Elevated expression of hyaluronic acid binding protein 1 (HABP1)/P32/C1QBP is a novel indicator for lymph node and peritoneal metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

The present study aims to clarify whether hyaluronan binding protein 1 (HABP1/p32/C1QBP) is an indicator of peritoneal and lymph node metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), which to the authors' knowledge is not previously reported by others. Western blot analysis demonstrated that HABP1 was highly overexpressed in most metastatic lesions. Of 89 patients whose primary tumors showed high HABP1 expression on immunohistochemical staining, 85 (95.

Chamaejasmine arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis and inhibits nuclear NF-κB translocation in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.

In this study, the anticancer activity of chamaejasmine was characterized in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Cell viability and cell cycle distribution were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting was performed to determine changes in levels of various proteins.

Chamaejasmine induces apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells through a Ros-mediated mitochondrial pathway.

In the present study, the anticancer activity of chamaejasmine towards A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. In order to explore the underlying mechanism of cell growth inhibition of chamaejasmine, cell cycle distribution, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ(m)) disruption, and expression of cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9 and PARP were measured in A549 cells. Chamaejasmine inhibited the growth of A549 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner.