Degradable Nanoregulators Based on Ultra-Small Ferrous Sulfide for Photoacoustic/Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Tumor Starvation and Ferroptosis.

Malignant tumors pose a great threat to human health due to their abnormal vascular system and high interstitial density, leading to high invasiveness and low curability. Tumor vasodilation and ensuring deep drug delivery are essential to elevating tumor elimination efficiency. Herein, a powerful nanoregulator is reported with tumor vessel vasodilation and tumor microenvironment (TME) reconstruction capacity for photoacoustic/magnetic resonance imaging-guided tumor starvation and ferroptosis therapy.

Clinical-radiomics models with machine-learning algorithms to distinguish uncomplicated from complicated acute appendicitis in adults: a multiphase multicenter cohort study.

Increasing evidence suggests that non-operative management (NOM) with antibiotics could serve as a safe alternative to surgery for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis (AA). However, accurately differentiating between uncomplicated and complicated AA remains challenging. Our aim was to develop and validate machine-learning-based diagnostic models to differentiate uncomplicated from complicated AA.

The Clinical and Neuroimaging Factors of Stroke Outcome of Unilateral Moyamoya Disease.

Rationale And Objectives: The clinical feature and long-term prognosis of unilateral moyamoya disease (MMD) have not been fully described and studied. The study aimed to investigate independent risk factors for stroke in unilateral MMD patients during a long-term follow-up.

Materials And Methods: A total of 393 unilateral MMD patients (median age, 40 years) were assessed at baseline and followed for an average time of 68.

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on reducing stroke risk in patients with moyamoya disease: the role of postcontrast MR vessel wall imaging.

Objective: To evaluate the role of vessel wall enhancement in the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy (APT) on reducing the stroke risk in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) based on postcontrast MR vessel wall imaging.

Methods: Consecutive patients with MMD underwent postcontrast MR vessel wall imaging and were divided into APT and non-APT groups according to the prescribed antiplatelet agents. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the association between APT and stroke risk of patients with MMD, and subgroup analysis was performed to determine the role of vessel wall enhancement in reducing stroke risk after APT.

Global Hotspots and Research Frontiers of Moyamoya Disease and Radiological Features: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by the progressive stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid artery and the development of a collateral network in the brain. As medical imaging technology and artificial intelligence have advanced, various imaging methods have been widely used in the clinical diagnosis of MMD. In this study, we conducted bibliometric visualization of research papers about MMD and radiological features between 2000 and 2024, intending to explore the development status quo, hotspots, and future developments and contributing to studies on imaging in diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases.

Intelligent Size-Switchable Iron Carbide-Based Nanocapsules with Cascade Delivery Capacity for Hyperthermia-Enhanced Deep Tumor Ferroptosis.

The ferroptosis pathway is recognized as an essential strategy for tumor treatment. However, killing tumor cells in deep tumor regions with ferroptosis agents is still challenging because of distinct size requirements for intratumoral accumulation and deep tumor penetration. Herein, intelligent nanocapsules with size-switchable capability that responds to acid/hyperthermia stimulation to achieve deep tumor ferroptosis are developed.

Predicting Breast Cancer Subtypes Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Radiomics With Automatic Segmentation.

Objective: The aim of the study is to demonstrate whether radiomics based on an automatic segmentation method is feasible for predicting molecular subtypes.

Methods: This retrospective study included 516 patients with confirmed breast cancer. An automatic segmentation-3-dimensional UNet-based Convolutional Neural Networks, trained on our in-house data set-was applied to segment the regions of interest.

The diagnostic performance of high-resolution magnetic resonance-vessel wall imaging in differentiating atherosclerosis-associated moyamoya vasculopathy from moyamoya disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of high-resolution magnetic resonance-vessel wall imaging (HRMR-VWI) in differentiating moyamoya disease (MMD) from atherosclerosis-associated moyamoya vasculopathy (AS-MMV) and investigate an accurate approach for the differential diagnosis.

Methods: Adult patients who were diagnosed as MMD or AS-MMV and underwent HRMR-VWI were retrospectively included. The three vessel wall features (outer diameter (OD), remodeling index (RI), and pattern of vessel wall thickening) of middle cerebral artery (MCA) in identifying MMD from AS-MMV were assessed and compared.

Self-Propelled Janus Nanocatalytic Robots Guided by Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Enhanced Tumor Penetration and Therapy.

Biomedical micro/nanorobots as active delivery systems with the features of self-propulsion and controllable navigation have made tremendous progress in disease therapy and diagnosis, detection, and biodetoxification. However, existing micro/nanorobots are still suffering from complex drug loading, physiological drug stability, and uncontrollable drug release. To solve these problems, micro/nanorobots and nanocatalytic medicine as two independent research fields were integrated in this study to achieve self-propulsion-induced deeper tumor penetration and catalytic reaction-initiated tumor therapy in vivo.

Computed tomography-based COVID-19 triage through a deep neural network using mask-weighted global average pooling.

Background: There is an urgent need to find an effective and accurate method for triaging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients from millions or billions of people. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a novel deep-learning approach for COVID-19 triage based on chest computed tomography (CT) images, including normal, pneumonia, and COVID-19 cases.

Methods: A total of 2,809 chest CT scans (1,105 COVID-19, 854 normal, and 850 non-3COVID-19 pneumonia cases) were acquired for this study and classified into the training set (n = 2,329) and test set (n = 480).

Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Papillary Neoplasms on MRI With Non-mass Enhancement.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant papillary neoplasms on MRI with non-mass enhancement.

Materials And Methods: A total of 48 patients with surgically confirmed papillary neoplasms showing non-mass enhancement were included. Clinical findings, mammography and MRI features were retrospectively analyzed, and lesions were described according to the breast imaging report and data system (BI-RADS).

Analysis of CT and MR imaging features of the brain in patients with hydrogen sulfide poisoning based on clinical symptom grading.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze CT and MR imaging features of the brain in patients with hydrogen sulfide poisoning based on clinical symptom grading and to investigate their correlations with clinical symptoms and patients' prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of CT and MR imaging data of the brain in 40 patients with hydrogen sulfide poisoning in our hospital. There were four main imaging manifestations.

Vessel wall enhancement as a predictor of arterial stenosis progression and poor outcomes in moyamoya disease.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between vessel wall enhancement and progression of arterial stenosis and clinical outcomes in patients with moyamoya (MMD) using high-resolution magnetic resonance (HRMR) vessel wall imaging.

Methods: Consecutive participants diagnosed with MMD were prospectively recruited and underwent HRMR at baseline and during follow-up, which had an interval period of ≥ 6 months and were clinically followed up for ≤ 24 months to record the occurrence of ischemic stroke. The relationship between vessel wall enhancement and arterial stenosis progression and stroke occurrence was evaluated.

Biodegradable Ferrous Sulfide-Based Nanocomposites for Tumor Theranostics through Specific Intratumoral Acidosis-Induced Metabolic Symbiosis Disruption.

Abnormal metabolic symbiosis is a typical characteristic that differentiates the tumor regions from healthy tissues and meanwhile maintains tumor survival. It is of great potential to disrupt intratumoral metabolic symbiosis in tumor therapy. Herein, we report a specific tumor therapy strategy through inducing acidosis to disrupt intratumoral metabolic symbiosis for tumor elimination, which is based on carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI)-modified ferrous sulfide nanoparticles (FeS-PEG-CAI NPs).

Deep learning-based automatic segmentation for size and volumetric measurement of breast cancer on magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: In clinical work, accurately measuring the volume and the size of breast cancer is significant to develop a treatment plan. However, it is time-consuming, and inter- and intra-observer variations among radiologists exist. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of a Res-UNet convolutional neural network based on automatic segmentation for size and volumetric measurement of mass enhancement breast cancer on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Construction of magnetic drug delivery system and its potential application in tumor theranostics.

Magnetic nanoparticles(NPs) are characterized by a rich variety of properties. Because of their excellent physical and chemical properties, they have come to the fore in biomedicine and other fields. The magnetic NPs were extensively studied in magnetic separation of cells, targeted drug delivery, tumor hyperthermia, chemo-photothermal therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other biomedical fields.

The value of 3D pseudo-continuousarterial spin labeling perfusion imaging in moyamoya disease-Comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion imaging.

Background And Purpose: 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) is commonly used to measure arterial cerebral blood flow (CBF). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical feasibility and accuracy of 3D pCASL in comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion imaging in moyamoya disease (MMD).

Materials And Methods: A total of 174 MMD patients underwent 3D pCASL and DSC-MRI for evaluating cerebral blood perfusion.

Biodegradable MnO-Based Nanoparticles with Engineering Surface for Tumor Therapy: Simultaneous Fenton-Like Ion Delivery and Immune Activation.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved significant clinical success but are still suffering from inadequate immune activation. It is worth noting that manganese as a nutritional inorganic trace element is closely associated with immune activation to fight against tumor growth and metastasis the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway. Herein, we designed hollow mesoporous silica-coated MnO nanoparticles (NPs), followed by conjugation of tumor homing peptide iRGD (CRGDKGPD).

Amelioration of systemic antitumor immune responses in cocktail therapy by immunomodulatory nanozymes.

Nanozymes that mimic natural enzyme-like activities have gradually emerged in cancer therapy. To overcome the bottlenecks of single-mode nanozymes, including "off-target" toxicity and ineffectiveness toward metastatic cancers, we designed magnetic nanoparticle-based multifunctional visualized immunomodulatory nanozymes. Besides the partial initiation of the prime immune response by intrinsic immunogenicity, as a smart drug delivery system with a temperature- and pH-sensitive dual response to the tumor microenvironment, these nanozymes released immune agonists to boost enhanced systemic immune response, eventually ameliorating the cancer immune microenvironment through many aspects: activating dendritic cells, improving the function of CD8 T cells, and decreasing the population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which inhibited both primary and metastatic cancers.

Association of intracranial vessel wall enhancement and cerebral hemorrhage in moyamoya disease: a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the enhancement characteristics of vessel wall in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) using 3D high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and their relationship with initial and recurrent intracranial hemorrhage.

Methods: Consecutive patients with MMD were retrospectively analyzed and classified as intracranial hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic groups according to the CT or MR images. The clinical features and vessel wall characteristics were compared between the two groups.