Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of bis-pyridinium cationic antimicrobial peptide mimics with low hemolytic toxicity.

The rampant overuse of antibiotics has triggered widespread bacterial resistance, further exacerbated by biofilm-forming pathogens and non-mutating persisters, necessitating urgent development of novel antibiotics. Here, a series of bis-pyridinium cationic amphiphilic antimicrobial small molecules were designed and synthesized. Structure-activity relationships indicated that the hydrophobic tail chain length is crucial for the antibacterial activity.

A quantitative LC-MS/MS method for residues analysis of 62 plant growth regulators and the investigation of their effects on the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal: as a case study.

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) enhance the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites but can cause environmental pollution and health risks, especially if synthetic or overused. Here, we developed a simple, high-throughput method using salting-out extraction and LC-MS/MS to analyze 62 PGR residues. The extraction, chromatographic conditions, and spectrometric parameters were systematically optimized.

Inhibition of long-lived plasma cells, a critical role for Telitacicept treatment to systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Telitacicept (RC18, RemeGen, Ltd) is a novel human TACI-Fc fusion protein that combines B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). RC18 has recently been approved in China for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), demonstrating its safety and efficacy in the majority of the target population. However, the unique pharmacological mechanism of RC18 has not yet been fully elucidated.

Feature-based inhibition by internal attention in visual working memory.

Recent studies suggest that attended task-irrelevant features can be actively inhibited during the encoding phase of visual working memory. However, it remains unclear whether a similar filtering mechanism for task-irrelevant information operates during the maintenance phase of visual working memory and whether this mechanism requires the involvement of internal attention. In this study, we combined retro cues with two paradigms designed to measure the memory traces of task-irrelevant features to address this question.

Association between ABO Blood Types and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the association between ABO blood types and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk.

Methods: A prospective birth cohort study was conducted. ABO blood types were determined using the slide method.

Recent Progress of Antibacterial Carbon Dots Prepared from Marketed Small Molecule Antibacterial Drugs.

The massive consumption of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance, which is a major concern in the global health crisis. Therefore, the development of non-antibiotic antibacterial drugs occurs simultaneously with the development of antibiotics. Nanomaterial applications in antibacterial research are currently expanding.

Clofazimine targeting the spike protein and RdRp exhibits highly efficient antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in vitro.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes acute watery diarrhea in neonatal piglets, leading to substantial economic losses within the pig farming industry. This study demonstrates that clofazimine (CFZ) significantly inhibits PEDV replication in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, with negligible cytotoxicity. Findings from our time-of-addition assays indicate that CFZ effectively disrupts multiple stages of the viral infection cycle.

Dual-functional titanium implants via polydopamine-mediated lithium and copper co-incorporation: synergistic enhancement of osseointegration and antibacterial efficacy.

Introduction: Orthopedic implant failure due to inadequate osseointegration and infection remains a critical challenge. To address this, we engineered a polydopamine (PDA)-mediated dual-functional platform for lithium (Li) and copper (Cu) co-incorporation on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implants, aiming to synergize osteogenic and antibacterial properties through a scalable surface modification strategy.

Methods: PDA coatings were polymerized onto polished Ti64 substrates, followed by sequential immersion in LiCl (800 μM) and CuCl (10 μM) solutions to construct Li/Cu co-doped surfaces (PDA@Li 800-Cu 10).

Design, synthesis and evaluation of quinolone quaternary ammonium antibacterial agent with killing ability to biofilm.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common and widely distributed pathogenic bacterium. The problem of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) caused by the widespread use of antibiotics is particularly severe.

Establishment and validation of a method for determining anti-Xa factor potency of enoxaparin sodium.

This study successfully established and validated an efficient, reliable, and user-friendly method for determining the anti-Xa factor potency of enoxaparin sodium. Comprehensive validation experiments demonstrated the method's excellent performance in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. The method exhibited a linear detection range of 0.

Clerodendranthus spicatus-Cordyceps cicadae regulates mitophagy and protects renal tubular epithelial cells from hyperuricemic nephropathy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Clerodendranthus spicatus (CS) and Cordyceps cicadae (CC) are both medicine and food. They have long been used to treat kidney disease, but their mechanisms for treating hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) are not yet clear.

Aim: We investigated the effect and mechanism of Clerodendranthus spicatus-Cordyceps cicadae (CS-CC) in HN treatment.

Antimicrobial peptide mimic 329 potentiates minocycline against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

As antibiotic resistance increases and new drug development lags, the effectiveness of single antibiotics has drastically diminished for clinical infection treatment. The resistance crisis is exacerbated by the swift development and dissemination of Gram-negative bacteria that are extensively drug-resistant (XDR), particularly strains resistant to carbapenems in clinical settings. In this scenario, antibiotic adjuvants play a crucial role in revitalizing existing treatments to combat carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections.

Acoustic Inspired Brain-to-Sentence Decoder for Logosyllabic Language.

Recent advances in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have demonstrated the potential to decode language from brain activity into sound or text, which has predominantly focused on alphabetic languages, such as English. However, logosyllabic languages, such as Mandarin Chinese, present marked challenges for establishing decoders that cover all characters, due to its unique syllable structures, extended character sets (e.g.

Important Role of Triphenylamine in Modulating the Antibacterial Performance Relationships of Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics by Alkyl Chain Engineering.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria pose a serious threat to human health, and the development of effective antimicrobial drugs is urgent. Herein, we used alkyl chain engineering to design and synthesize two series of antimicrobial peptide mimics with distinct cores: triphenylamine quaternary ammonium derivatives (TPQs) and diphenylethene quaternary ammonium derivatives (BPQs), and we investigated the effect of varying the alkyl chain lengths on antibacterial activity. We found that the introduction of a triphenylamine group significantly enhances the antibacterial activity of short-chain dimethyl quaternary ammonium derivatives while maintaining their excellent biocompatibility.

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel quaternary quinolone derivatives with low toxicity and anti-biofilm activity.

To overcome the increasing global drug resistance, the development of novel antimicrobial drugs is a top priority in the fight against multidrug resistant (MDR) and persistent bacteria. In this work, we report the synthesis of novel single quaternary quinolone antibacterial agents. The majority of the tested compounds exhibited significant antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-negative pathogens (E.

Exploration of membrane-active cephalosporin derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and persisters.

Developing innovative antimicrobial agents is essential in the fight against drug-resistant bacteria, as well as biofilms and persistent bacteria. In this study, four series of amphiphilic cephalosporin derivatives were synthesized. Most of the compounds showed good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, among which membrane-active cephalosporin 15e showed high activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of oxazolidinone derivatives containing N-methylglycyl or quaternary ammonium salts.

The continuous evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria to existing antibiotic treatment regimens poses a serious threat to human health, so the discovery of new and potent antimicrobial drugs that are less likely to develop resistance is of great clinical significance. As a result, oxazolidinone antibiotics have emerged as a significant class of bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors, with particular success in the treatment of MDR Gram-positive infections. Herein, a series of novel C-ring modified oxazolidinone derivatives with the introduction of N-methylglycyl groups or quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy, among which most of the N-methylglycyl derivatives showed significant activity against E.

Assessment of Single-Cycle M-Protein Mutated Vesicular Stomatitis Virus as a Safe and Immunogenic Mucosal Vaccine Platform for SARS-CoV-2 Immunogen Delivery.

The goal of the next-generation COVID-19 vaccine is to provide rapid respiratory tract protection with a single dose. Circulating antibodies do not protect the olfactory mucosa from viral infection, necessitating localized mucosal immunization. Live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based COVID-19 vaccines effectively stimulate mucosal immunity in animals, though safety concerns remain, particularly in immunocompromised populations.

Development of Phloroglucinol-Linked Tris-Quaternary Ammonium Salt Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics with Low Cytotoxicity and Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity.

Encouraged by the significantly different toxicities and antibacterial activities of diverse linkers, such as alkyl and aromatic nuclei linkers, and the unique structure of phloroglucinol, we synthesized a series of tris-quaternary ammonium salt (tris-QAS) antibacterial peptide mimics based on the marketed drug phloroglucinol. Among them, displayed excellent activity against (MIC = 0.5 μg/mL) and high selectivity (SI > 2560).

Single-cell and spatial sequencing identifies senescent and germinal tumor cells in adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas.

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a clinically aggressive tumor without effective treatment method. Previous studies proposed a paracrine tumorigenesis model, in which oncogenic β-catenin induces senescence in pituitary stem cells and the senescent cells lead the formation of paracrine tumors through secretion of pro-tumorigenic factors. However, there lacks characterization on senescent cells in ACPs.

Association between IGF-1 levels and MDD: a case-control and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has a variety of neurotrophic effects, including neurogenesis, remyelination and synaptogenesis, and is an effective regulator of neuronal plasticity. Although multiple studies have investigated IGF-1 in depression-related disorders, few studies have focused on patients with a first episode of clearly diagnosed depression who had never used antidepressants before. Therefore, this study investigated first-episode and drug-naïve patients with depression to supplement the current evidence around IGF-1 levels in depressive disorders.

Advances in the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain by Sympathetic Regulation.

Purpose Of Review: To explore the mechanism and therapeutic effect of sympathetic nerve regulation on neuropathic pain.

Recent Findings: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed and CNKI libraries, using the following keywords: stele ganglion block, neuropathic pain, sympathetic nerve block, sympathetic chemical destruction, and sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation. We selected and critically reviewed research articles published in English that were related to sympathetic modulation in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

[Effects of Different Modified Materials on Soil Fungal Community Structure in Saline-Alkali Soil].

Studying the effects of different modified materials on the physicochemical properties and fungal community structure of saline-alkali soil can provide theoretical basis for reasonable improvement of saline-alkali soil. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the effects of five treatments, namely, control (CK), desulfurization gypsum (T1), soil ameliorant (T2), organic fertilizer (T3), and desulfurization gypsum compounds soil ameliorant and organic fertilizer (T4), on soil physicochemical properties and fungal community diversity, composition, and structure of saline-alkali soil in Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that compared with those in CK, the contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and alkali hydrolysis nitrogen were significantly increased in modified material treatments, and the T4 treatment significantly decreased soil pH.

Recent advances in the exploration of oxazolidinone scaffolds from compound development to antibacterial agents and other bioactivities.

Bacterial infections cause a variety of life-threatening diseases, and the continuous evolution of drug-resistant bacteria poses an increasing threat to current antimicrobial regimens. Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) have a wide range of genetic capabilities that allow them to adapt to and develop resistance to practically all existing antibiotics. Oxazolidinones, a class of potent bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors with a unique mechanism of action involving inhibition of bacterial ribosomal translation, has emerged as the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of drug-resistant GPB infections.