Network pharmacology and in silico analysis of phytochemicals targeting ER stress in diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract: This study aims to identify the molecular mechanism of (CM) in regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) by using network pharmacology and bioinformatic studies. The targets of CM and target of ER stress and DN were obtained from various online databases. Top targets for CM regulating ER stress in DN were identified using PPI network.

Multifunctional polyamidoxime-co-polyethyleneimine tailored cellulose derived from sustainable biomass for effective removal of acidic dye pollutants from wastewater.

Multifunctional polymers derived from waste biomass are under intense global investigation for wastewater remediation owing to their environmental advantages. Therefore, this study reports the synthesis of a novel polyamidoxime-co-polyethyleneimine multifunctional cellulose, which was used as an adsorbent for the removal of acidic dye pollutants. Morphological, structural, and surface studies were performed using several techniques.

Needle-Free Future: Revolutionizing Immunization with Vaccine Creams.

For centuries, injections have been the primary method for vaccination; however, these traditional approaches present challenges due to pain, fear, and difficulties in administration. Scientists from Stanford University have developed vaccine creams, representing a revolutionary approach to the field of vaccination. Genetically modified Staphylococcus epidermidis forms the basis of these cream products, which support skin-based, painless vaccination without invasive procedures, while playing an essential role in the immune response.

NMR-Based Serum Metabolomics and Correlation Analysis Unraveled Metabolic Alterations Underlying Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern, with a high prevalence among individuals aged 45-50 years and above. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction play pivotal roles in its progression. This clinical metabolomics study aimed to identify distinct metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance and other clinical features of T2DM.

Nanoplastics from single-use polyethylene terephthalate bottles impair the functionality of human gut-dwelling and induce toxicity in human cells.

Plastic pollution from single-use plastic bottles (SUPBs) generates micro and nanoplastics (NPs), raising concerns about their interactions with biological systems and potential health effects. While NPs have been detected in the human body, raising serious concerns about their possible effects on health, a clear understanding of how NPs interact with key biological systems in the human body is still lacking. In this study, NPs were synthesized from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to closely mimic real-world exposure.

Enhanced efficiency of zinc oxide hydroxyapatite nanocomposite in photodegradation of methylene blue, ciprofloxacin, and in wastewater treatment.

In this study, we report the improved photocatalytic performance of Hydroxyapatite-incorporated Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite (ZnO@HAp), synthesized using a simple precipitation method. The catalyst was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of ZnO@HAp was confirmed by XRD, FT-IR, EDAX, and XPS.

A Switchable Fluorescent Sensor Based on NH-MIL-53(Al) for Detection of Ascorbic Acid in Fresh Fruits.

The detection of ascorbic acid (AA) in foods is important for ensuring nutritional quality and monitoring the stability and shelf life of food products. In the present work, the amino-based metal-organic framework NH-MIL-53(Al) was used for highly sensitive and selective detection of AA. The NH-MIL-53(Al) nanocrystals were synthesized using a facile solvothermal method and characterized using different techniques.

Phytochemicals Composition and Bioactivities of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Extract and Fractions With In Silico Insights.

Leaves of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench were selected for their rich content of phytochemicals, offering potential biological activities. The aqueous residual fraction (AF) exhibited higher extraction yield (17.5%) compared with the other fractions.

Community perceptions of citizen science approach in pandemic preparedness and response in South and Southeast Asian countries.

Citizen science (CS), a collaboration between people and scientists, is a viable approach utilizing citizens experiences in COVID-19 pandemic to manage future response. This study aimed to understand concepts, experiences, approaches, and sustainability issues of CS among citizens in five South and Southeast Asian countries. A qualitative study was carried out in Nepal, Bangladesh, India, Philippines, and Indonesia from October 2022 to March 2023.

NMR based clinical metabolomics revealed altered lipid and sugar metabolism in systemic sclerosis with implications for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Despite substantial research, its pathophysiology remains enigmatic, necessitating the identification of altered metabolic pathways to improve disease management. This study utilized NMR-based serum metabolomics to identify distinctive metabolic signatures and deranged pathways in SSc.

NMR-Based Clinical Metabolomics Reveals Distinctive Metabolic Signatures in Systemic Sclerosis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are chronic and complex autoimmune diseases with shared clinical features complicating differential disease diagnosis. Despite similarities, they exhibit distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and disease progression. This study is an attempt to investigate disease-specific metabolic alterations and identify potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based serum metabolomics approach.

Unlocking the molecular pathway of atopic dermatitis: journey so far and roads ahead.

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a skin-associated disorder involving hyperactivation of inflammatory cascades. The attributing reasons to this include genetic predisposition, environmental factors and immunopathy. At the genetic level, there is an alteration in the filaggrin gene, which leads to impairment in the epidermal integrity.

Biofuel production from starchy crops: advanced technology and current perspectives.

The sustainable replacement of conventional fossil fuels with bioethanol produced from starchy crops has garnered significant interest. This review paper provides current perspectives in the field and an overview of advanced technologies, emphasising the importance of efficient and environmentally friendly processes. Starchy crops such as wheat, barley, cassava, potato, and maize possess high starch content, which serves as a key feedstock for bioethanol production.

Metabolic Reprogramming in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: Insights From Untargeted NMR Metabolomics Presurgical and Postsurgical intervention.

The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) and the impact of surgical resection on the serum metabolome using untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. For this, the study included 34 patients diagnosed with PPGLs. Pre-operative and postoperative serum samples were analyzed using 1D-proton NMR spectroscopy, and NMR spectral data were processed using Bruker software Topspin.

A CSF-1R inhibitor both prevents and treats triple-negative breast cancer brain metastases in hematogenous preclinical models.

Unlabelled: Brain metastasis is a common and serious complication of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with few effective treatments. Here, we evaluated the effect of targeting the brain tumor microenvironment via the myeloid colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) pathway using the small molecule inhibitor BLZ945. Studies were conducted in two TNBC hematogenous brain-tropic models, 4T1-BR5 and 231-BR, with endpoints of prevention of brain metastasis formation and treatment of established brain metastasis.

Retraction: Review on novel targeted enzyme drug delivery systems: enzymosomes.

Retraction of 'Review on novel targeted enzyme drug delivery systems: enzymosomes' by Dinesh Kumar , 2024, , 4524-4543, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SM00301B.

Accelerated predictive stability (APS) strategies applied to screening pharmaceutical formulations: A comparison of spray dried and hot melt extruded nifedipine amorphous solid dispersions.

This study addresses the challenges in designing stable amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) for pharmaceutical applications, focusing on nifedipine ASDs. The research involved manufacturing four different nifedipine ASDs using scalable pharmaceutical techniques-hot melt extrusion (HME) and spray drying (SD). Two pharmaceutical grade polymers, Soluplus® and poly-vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate (PVPVA, Kollidon® VA64), were used as carriers.

First-ever stem cell therapy restores insulin independence in type 1 diabetes: A medical milestone.

Stem cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking treatment approach, particularly for type 1 diabetes, where the autoimmune destruction of beta cells necessitates regenerative strategies to restore insulin production. This article focuses on the recent medical milestone in which autologous stem cell therapy led to insulin independence in a type 1 diabetes patient. This article explores the role of stem cell therapy in reversing diabetes, focusing on the recent medical milestone in which stem cell therapy successfully reversed diabetes in a patient.

Apremilast in Psoriasis: Current Landscape and Perspectives.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disease manifested in more than 3% of Americans and over 125 million people worldwide. The inflammatory skin condition with an increased rate of keratinocyte turnover involves every level of the skin and exhibits various forms of the disease, including plaque, guttate, inverse, pustular, and erythrodermic psoriasis, as well as disease-associated conditions, such as psoriatic arthritis and nail psoriasis. Innovative treatment has highlighted the importance of Apremilast, an oral drug that belongs to the phosphodiesterase- 4 (PDE4) class, which was approved by the FDA in 2014.

Can iPSCs Turn Back Time? Prospects and Pitfalls in Age Reversal.

Aging is characterized by the progressive loss of cellular function, the accumulation of epigenetic and transcriptional changes, and a decline in tissue homeostasis. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), derived from somatic cells through expression of Yamanaka factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC; OSKM), undergo epigenetic rejuvenation, effectively resetting their biological age. Partial reprogramming, characterized by the transient or cyclic expression of reprogramming factors, has emerged as a promising method to reverse aging hallmarks without erasing cellular identity.

Unraveling bioactive potential and production in through omics and machine learning modeling.

, a medicinal mushroom renowned for its production of a diverse array of compounds, accounts for the pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer characteristics. Thus, it is recognized as a valuable species of interest in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries due to its important medicinal properties. Recent advances in omics technologies such as genomes, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have considerably increased our understanding of the bioactives in .

Assessment of Blockchain Technology in the Improvement of Supply Chain Management in the Pharmaceutical Industry.

Blockchain technology has drawn a lot of interest in the healthcare industry in recent years. Efficient data management is crucial for pharmacies. Blockchain technology is a novel technology that has the potential to make many pharmaceutical processes safer and more transparent.

Spatial assessment of heavy metal contamination in groundwater in the Kadaladi region, Tamil Nadu, India.

Groundwater quality in Kadaladi is a critical concern due to contamination from natural and human activities. This study assesses heavy metal concentrations across pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons at 44 sampling sites, using the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Metal Index (MI), and non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) assessments. Key heavy metals analysed include Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, Mn, and Fe, in Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon with comparisons to WHO (2017) standards using atomic absorption spectrometry.

Current Insights of the Potential Plant Bioactive Compounds on Modulating the mTOR Signaling Pathway in Regulating Oncological Disorders.

Deregulation of the mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an important role in cancer genesis and progression, making it an attractive target for cancer treatment. Disrupting the mTOR pathway contributes to uncontrolled cell growth, increased proliferation, and enhanced cell survival, all of which are hallmarks of cancer. The findings imply that the deregulation of the mTOR pathway in cancer provides a compelling basis for therapeutic treatments.