Nanoplastics from single-use polyethylene terephthalate bottles impair the functionality of human gut-dwelling and induce toxicity in human cells.

Plastic pollution from single-use plastic bottles (SUPBs) generates micro and nanoplastics (NPs), raising concerns about their interactions with biological systems and potential health effects. While NPs have been detected in the human body, raising serious concerns about their possible effects on health, a clear understanding of how NPs interact with key biological systems in the human body is still lacking. In this study, NPs were synthesized from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to closely mimic real-world exposure.

Efficacy and Safety of Triple Fixed Dose Combination of Dapagliflozin + Sitagliptin + Metformin IR in Indian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Phase 3 Study in Comparison with Dual FDC Sitagliptin + Metformin IR.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a triple fixed-dose combination (FDC) of dapagliflozin, sitagliptin, and immediate-release metformin (DAPA + SITA + MET IR) compared to dual FDCs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This Phase 3, randomized, open-label study included eligible patients with T2DM who were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a triple FDC of DAPA + SITA + MET IR (5 + 50 + 500/1000 mg) or a dual FDC of sitagliptin and MET IR (SITA + MET IR; 50 + 500/1000 mg), administered twice daily for 16 weeks. The primary endpoint was the mean change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to Week 16.

Chaperone-Mediated Responses and Mitochondrial-Endoplasmic Reticulum Coupling: Emerging Insight into Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disorder driven by a combination of disruptions in proteostasis and organelle communication. The 2020 Lancet commission reported that approximately 10 million people worldwide were affected by AD in the mid-20th century. AD is the most prevalent cause of dementia.

Prevalence of IDH1/IDH2 Mutations in Adult Indian Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Patients and Their Impact on Outcome.

The study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in Indian AML patients and ascertaining its impact on the treatment outcomes. A retrospective cohort study was carried out from 2019 to 2023, where 100 AML patients were tested for the presence of IDH mutations. The clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients were analysed and compared with an age matched control group of IDH1/2 negative AML patients.

Bifunctional Phyto-Synthesized Nano Silver for Mitigating Salinity-Induced Dormancy and Associated Fungal Infections During Seed Germination in Brassica juncea with Integration of Machine Learning-Based Predictive Modeling.

Salinity-induced dormancy associated with fungal infection during germination in plants is the major contributor to abiotic and biotic stress, leading to a loss in crop productivity. The present study has been designed to evaluate the dual functions of Cymbopogon citratus-derived silver nanoparticles (CC-AgNPs) for enhancing the germination and prevention of Aspergillus niger (ATCC 6275) infection in seeds of Brassica juncea. AgNPs were synthesized using the cell-free aqueous extract of C.

Delineating genotype × environment interaction for horticultural traits in tomato using GGE and AMMI biplot analysis.

The aim of this study was to identify stable tomato hybrids for cultivation in India. The genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction analysis was performed using GGE and AMMI biplots. Fifteen hybrids including two checks were grown in nine environments during winter, summer, and rainy seasons from 2021 to 2024 at Varanasi.

A constricted mitochondrial morphology formed during respiration.

Mitochondria assemble in a dynamic tubular network. Their morphology is governed by mitochondrial fusion and fission, which regulate most mitochondrial functions including oxidative phosphorylation. Yet, the link between mitochondrial morphology and respiratgion remains unclear.

Diagnosis and management of an unusual presentation of schwannoma in nasopharynx: a case report.

Background: Schwann cells are responsible for producing the myelin sheath that surrounds the axons in the peripheral nervous system. Benign tumors that originate from Schwann cells are called schwannomas or neurilemmomas. These tumors typically present as slow-growing, solitary, encapsulated masses, often associated with nerve trunks.

Simulated 34% Efficient 2T Monolithic CsPbI/Si Tandem Solar Cells: The Effect of Tailoring Nonradiative Voltage Losses.

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction perovskite solar cells has increased dramatically since their inception. In cesium lead iodide perovskite/silicon (CsPbI/Si) tandem solar cells (TSCs), Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH), radiative, and thermodynamic recombination losses are the primary source of voltage loss and govern the PCE of the device. Although the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit for power conversion efficiency of CsPbI/Si TSC is ∼40%, realizing this is difficult due to recombination losses and thermal instability of CsPbI.

Development of cylindrical magnetron sputtering apparatus for large area TiN thin film coatings.

Cylindrical magnetron sputtering (CMS) is a crucial technique in the realm of thin film deposition over large area surfaces, offering advantages in uniformity and material utilization efficiency. This work provides a detailed overview of a novel CMS apparatus, emphasizing its design elements and operational intricacies. The CMS unit employs a unique magnet arrangement with AlNiCo Grade 5 magnets and shielding materials to optimize the magnetic field distribution.

Investigating the osteogenic potential of bone-targeted daidzein loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for postmenopausal osteoporosis: pharmacodynamic, biochemical, and genotoxicity evaluations.

Bisphosphonates and Hormone Replacement Therapy are the primary therapeutic interventions for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis (PMO), however, associated repercussions limit their usage. To address this challenge, we hypothesised the co-delivery of hydroxyapatite (HAP) with daidzein (DZ) for synergistic treatment of PMO. Propounding this bimodal approach, daidzein-loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (DZHAPNPs) were prepared leveraging the oestrogenic properties of DZ while utilising HAP to facilitate biomineralization.

Hsp70: A Multifunctional Chaperone in Maintaining Proteostasis and Its Implications in Human Disease.

Hsp70, a 70 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a crucial role in maintaining protein homeostasis. It interacts with the DnaJ family of co-chaperones to modulate the functions of client proteins involved in various cellular processes, including transmembrane transport, extracellular vesicle trafficking, complex formation, and proteasomal degradation. Its presence in multiple cellular organelles enables it to mediate stress responses, apoptosis, and inflammation, highlighting its significance in disease progression.

Chronic Inflammation and Glycemic Control: Exploring the Bidirectional Link Between Periodontitis and Diabetes.

Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are two highly prevalent chronic conditions that share a bidirectional relationship, significantly impacting public health. Periodontitis, a gum inflammation caused by microbial dysbiosis, aggravates glycemic control in diabetics, while uncontrolled diabetes heightens periodontitis severity. These conditions create a vicious cycle, where inflammation and microbial dysbiosis mutually drive disease progression, exacerbating systemic health.

Insights into the Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanism in Fuel Cells.

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is not only an important fundamental process in energy systems but also a pivotal factor in enhancing electrocatalytic functions in fuel cells (FCs). This article investigates the PCET mechanism in low-temperature (300-500 °C) protonic ceramic fuel cells, focusing on its role in catalyzing the hydrogen oxidation reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction. Our findings reveal that PCET significantly enhances the electrocatalytic activity by mitigating polarization losses, reducing charge-transfer resistance by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, and thereby accelerating the reaction kinetics compared to scenarios without PCET.

Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Karyotyping Profile and Florescent In-Situ Hybridization Analysis with C-Myelocytomatosis, Tumor Suppressor p53 and CEP-X/Y Probes.

Unlabelled: The chromosomal characterization of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NPF) of Indian origin seems important as it is consistently absent in literature. Routine karyotyping (G-banding) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was undertaken using CMYC, TP53 CEPX/Y probes in 9 cases of NPF wherein chromosomal characteristics were correlated with clinical parameters. Karyotype profile of venous sample from every case was normal.

Fruit Carbohydrates and Their Impact on the Glycemic Index: A Study of Key Determinants.

: Fruits are a convenient and natural source of carbohydrates that can rapidly affect blood sugar levels and the glycemic index (GI). The GI plays a crucial role in the management of chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, hyperglycemia, and diet-related illnesses. Despite there being several health benefits linked with consuming fruits, it remains unclear which specific components of fruits are the key determinants that significantly influence the GI.

A Novel 5-Probe FISH Strategy is Better Equipped for a More Comprehensive and Cost-Effective Risk Stratification of BCP-ALL.

Objective: The modern treatment protocols in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) are based on the disease's genetic characteristics and response to treatment. We propose a novel five-probe FISH strategy to risk stratify the BCP-ALL and compare its ability with the triple trisomy probe strategy to detect high hyperdiploidy.

Methods: All newly diagnosed BCP-ALL cases were investigated using a five-probe FISH panel that included probes targeting BCR::ABL1 fusion, ETV6::RUNX1 fusion, and break-apart probes for KMT2A, IgH, and CRLF2 rearrangements.

Fixed dose combination of dapagliflozin, glimepiride and extended-release metformin tablets in patients with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled by metformin and glimepiride: A phase III, open label, randomized clinical study in India.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a triple fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapy of dapagliflozin + glimepiride + metformin hydrochloride extended-release (DAPA + GLIM + MET ER) tablets in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled by combination of GLIM + MET.

Materials And Methods: A phase III, randomized, open-label, active-controlled study was conducted for a maximum 30 weeks (primary treatment [16 weeks]; uptitration [12 weeks] and follow-up [2 weeks]). Eligible patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either the FDC of DAPA + GLIM + MET ER or the FDC of GLIM + MET prolonged-release (PR) once-daily.

Advanced Neuronal Modulation with Semiconducting Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Insights from , , and Studies.

Impaired neuronal functions and cell death within ailments such as neurodegenerative Parkinson's disease pose significant challenges due to their complex pathophysiology and limited treatment options. In this landscape, innovative materials with unique physicochemical properties that ameliorate the debilitated neuronal functions are critically required. Neuronal functions rely on the conduction of nerve impulses, a process that can be effectively targeted using advanced materials that exhibit conducive properties essential for modulating neural activity.

Defining Mechanistic Links Between the Non-Coding Variant rs17673553 in and Lupus Susceptibility.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by widespread inflammation and autoantibody production. Its development and progression involve genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have repeatedly identified a susceptibility signal at 16p13, its fine-scale source and its functional and mechanistic role in SLE remain unclear.

Management of intracranial meningioma: Outcome analysis and clinico radiological profile of 172 patients.

Background: Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. This single-center study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological, radiological profile, and outcomes of patients with intracranial meningiomas in terms of functional status, morbidity, mortality, and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Methods: Patients of intracranial meningioma treated between January 01, 2010, and December 31, 2019, at the Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, India, were included in this study.

ACSL4-mediated H3K9 and H3K27 hyperacetylation upregulates SNAIL to drive TNBC metastasis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has profound unmet medical need globally for its devastating clinical outcome associated with rapid metastasis and lack of targeted therapies. Recently, lipid metabolic reprogramming especially fatty acid oxidation (FAO) has emerged as a major driver of breast cancer metastasis. Analyzing the expression of major FAO regulatory genes in breast cancer, we found selective overexpression of acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) in TNBC, which is primarily attributed to the absence of progesterone receptor.

Multi-omics and approach reveals AURKA, AURKB, and RSAD2 as therapeutic biomarkers in OSCC progression.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a prevalent form of head and neck cancer, poses a significant health challenge with limited improvements in patient outcomes over the years. Its development is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic alterations and environmental factors. While progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms driving OSCC, pinpointing critical molecular markers and potential drug candidates has proven elusive.