Addressing Challenges in Fluid Flow-Induced Cell Membrane Oscillation by Nanopipettes.

The mechanical properties of cell membranes are crucial to regulating cell morphology and behavior. Nanopipette-sensing has become distinctively appealing for the measurement of cell membrane mechanical properties due to its label-free operation and precise targeting. Recent progress has involved precise control of the movement and fluid flow of the nanopipet, which can induce cell membrane oscillation.

Reticulate allopolyploidy and subsequent dysploidy drive evolution and diversification in the cotton family.

Polyploidy and subsequent post-polyploid diploidization (PPD) are key drivers of plant genome evolution, yet their contributions to evolutionary success remain debated. Here, we analyze the Malvaceae family as an exemplary system for elucidating the evolutionary role of polyploidy and PPD in angiosperms, leveraging 11 high-quality chromosome-scale genomes from all nine subfamilies, including newly sequenced, near telomere-to-telomere assemblies from four of these subfamilies. Our findings reveal a complex reticulate paleoallopolyploidy history early in the diversification of the Malvadendrina clade, characterized by multiple rounds of species radiation punctuated by ancient allotetraploidization (Mal-β) and allodecaploidization (Mal-α) events around the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated cerebral cortical encephalitis: a case report highlighting diagnostic challenges and therapeutic implications.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) encompasses a spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Recognized clinical phenotypes include optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), brainstem encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, cortical encephalitis, demyelinating pseudotumor, and cranial nerve involvement. MOG antibody-associated cerebral cortical encephalitis (MOG-CCE) represents a rare but clinically significant subtype, often misdiagnosed due to heterogeneous clinical and neuroimaging features overlapping with other CNS disorders.

Nonlinear Imaging Detection of Organ Fibrosis in Minute Samples for Early Stage Utilizing Dual-Channel Two-Photon and Second-Harmonic Excitation.

Histopathological staining remains the fibrosis diagnostic gold standard yet suffers from staining artifacts and variability. Nonlinear optical techniques (e.g.

A Fluorescence-SERS Dual-Mode Nanoprobe for Imaging of HSP90 mRNA and Peroxynitrite in Living Cells.

The dysregulation of heat shock protein 90 mRNA (HSP90 mRNA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is implicated in stress response and various diseases. Visualizing HSP90 mRNA and ROS dynamics is important to studying their interactions and related physiopathological mechanisms. However, effective methods for detecting both remain lacking.

Feasibility and Safety of Anlotinib Plus Docetaxel versus Docetaxel Monotherapy in Patients with Previously Immunotherapy-Treated NSCLC: A Retrospective Exploratory Study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have previously treated with immunotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on 86 previously immunotherapy-treated patients with advanced NSCLC from December 2018 to October 2024 in clinical practice. Those who received anlotinib plus docetaxel were assigned to experimental group (EG, N=43), while those who were treated with docetaxel monotherapy were deemed as control group (CG, N=43) in clinical practice.

Heat shock transcription factor-mediated thermal tolerance and cell size plasticity in marine diatoms.

Diatoms are a crucial component of marine ecosystems, recognized for their broad environmental adaptability and wide temperature tolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their adaptability to diverse temperatures are unknown. In this study, we discover that heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are potentially important for thermal tolerance in diatoms.

Polystyrene Microplastics Can Aggravate the Damage of the Intestinal Microenvironment Caused by Okadaic Acid: A Prevalent Algal Toxin.

As emerging contaminants, microplastics (MPs) may pose a threat to human health. Their co-exposure with the widespread phycotoxin okadaic acid (OA), a marine toxin known to cause gastrointestinal toxicity, may exacerbate health risk and raise public safety concern. In this study, the toxicity mechanisms of MPs and OA on intestinal microenvironment was explored using human Caco-2 cells as the model, which was combined with an in vitro fecal fermentation experiment.

In-situ detection of peroxynitrite in a single living cell with electrochemical attosyringe.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO), a key reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, plays a crucial role in signal transduction and physiological homeostasis. However, achieving the determination of ONOO in a single living cell remains a significant challenge. In this study, we have synthesized blue-emitting carbon dots (CDs) with a specific response to ONOO via a simple Schiff base crosslinking strategy.

Unleashing the potential of biotechnological strategies for the sustainable production of microalgal polysaccharides.

The prevailing trend toward the increased application of natural polysaccharides in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors has provided the impetus for exploring sustainable biological feedstocks. Amongst them, photoautotrophic microalgae have garnered huge research and commercial interests for polysaccharide production by photosynthesis, thereby concurrently attaining carbon sequestration and green production of valuable metabolites. However, conventional approaches for enhancing polysaccharide accumulation warrant adverse conditions, which in turn hinder cellular growth and productivity.

Physiological responses and adaptive mechanisms of the harmful algal bloom species Heterosigma akashiwo to naphthalene exposure.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially naphthalene (Nap), pose a significant threat to coastal ecosystems and may contribute to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). However, the response mechanisms of HAB species to PAH pollution remain unclear. This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of the HAB species Heterosigma akashiwo to varying Nap concentrations.

[Clinical efficacy analysis of PACS preoperative planning in percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of personalized puncture planning before surgery using Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly.

Methods: A total of 69 elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty from January 2020 20 to December 2021 with more than 1 year of follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-four patients were individualized for preoperative planning with PACS software (observation group), including 8 males and 26 females, with a mean age of (73.

Unveiling novel oxygen-dependent docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis pathway in Crypthecodinium cohnii via dual-function △4-fatty acid desaturases.

Crypthecodinium cohnii, a protist renowned for its high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production, has an unclear mechanism for converting docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) into DHA. This study employed transcriptomic analysis to investigate the effect of excessive oxygen limitation (EOL) on DHA biosynthesis, uncovering a novel oxygen-dependent pathway. The use of intermittent oxygen limitation (IOL) strategy significantly boosted DHA production.

A dual-reactivity-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy nanosensor for the simultaneous imaging of hypochlorite and nitric oxide in living cells.

A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanosensor with dual-reactivity is developed for the simultaneous imaging of hypochlorite (ClO) and nitric oxide (NO) in living cells. Utilizing the specific reactions between functional molecules and ClO and NO, respectively, the 2-mercapto-4-methoxy-phenol (2-MP) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) molecules are synchronously assembled on the surface of gold nanoparticles to fabricate the dual-function nanosensors. The advantages of SERS technology, narrow peaks for spectral multiplexing and fingerprint information, further facilitate the simultaneous detection of ClO and NO.

Uptake, translocation, and biotransformation of phthalate acid esters in crop plants: A comprehensive review.

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are prevalent emerging contaminants in agricultural environments. The uptake of PAEs by crop plants has attracted extensive attention due to the risks posed to human health through transfer in food chains. Despite its importance, the interaction between PAEs and crop plants remains poorly understood.

Comparison of oxycodone hydrochloride and flurbiprofen axetil on analgesia in mechanically ventilated patients with respiratory failure in a multicenter study.

The design of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two analgesic drugs in the intervention of pain events for patients on mechanical ventilation. 414 patients from three hospitals with respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation were randomly assigned to oxycodone hydrochloride or flurbiprofen axetil. The primary endpoints is the difference in the proportion of patients with a Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) score > 5 within 48 h.

Optimizing longifolene production in via metabolic and protein engineering.

Longifolene (CH) is a tricyclic sesquiterpene widely utilized in the cosmetics and fragrances due to its versatile applications. Traditional extraction methods from plants suffer from low titer and lengthy production cycles, while chemical synthesis is hampered by the compound's complex structure, leading to high costs and insufficient market supply. This study aimed to develop a microbial cell factory for enhanced longifolene production.

Synthetic transmembrane DNA receptors enable engineered sensing and actuation.

In living organisms, cells synergistically couple cascade reaction pathways to achieve inter- and intracellular signal transduction by transmembrane protein receptors. The construction and assembly of synthetic receptor analogs that can mimic such biological processes is a central goal of synthetic biochemistry and bionanotechnology to endow receptors with user-defined signal transduction effects. However, designing artificial transmembrane receptors with the desired input, output, and performance parameters are challenging.

Picofluidic Electro-Osmosis Measurement of Cell Membrane Mechanical Properties.

Cells connect with their internal and external environments through plasma membranes, and the mechanical properties of cell membranes govern numerous biological events. Membrane detection techniques such as optical or magnetic tweezers have revealed mechanical strength by membrane-anchored modifications, but it remains challenging to develop label-free methods to reduce the influence of exogenous interference. Here picofluidic electro-osmosis measurement (PEOM), which enables direct and efficient sensing of cell membrane mechanical properties by using a glass nanopipette without labeling, is presented.

The association between short-term exposure to ambient PM and hospitalization costs in patients with myocardial infarction: a hospital-based study.

Myocardial infarction (MI) ranks as one of the primary causes of global disabilities and disease deaths. The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and MI has gained attention in recent years.

LncRNA-AC006129.1 Aggravates kidney hypoxia-ischemia injury by promoting CXCL2-dependent inflammatory response.

Purpose: Hypoxia ischemia (HI) injury is an inevitable risk factor in kidney transplantation. The inflammatory response is crucial in HI. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate inflammation and immunity, but their role in HI remains unclear.

Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Pyrene in Governing the Critical Metabolic Circuits of .

Pyrene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, frequently occurs in aquatic environments and is associated with lethal impacts on humans and wildlife. This study examined the impact of pyrene on , a dinoflagellate responsible for harmful algal blooms, and their capability to bioremove pyrene. In a 96 h exposure experiment, effectively reduced the pyrene concentration in seawater to 50, 100, and 200 μg/L, with a combined removal efficiency of 96% in seawater.

Niche Partitioning and Intraspecific Variation of Thaumarchaeota in Deep Ocean Sediments.

Deep-sea sediments contain a large number of Thaumarchaeota that are phylogenetically distinct from their pelagic counterparts. However, their ecology and evolutionary adaptations are not well understood. Metagenomic analyses were conducted on samples from various depths of a 750-cm sediment core collected from the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep.

A Modular Engineered DNA Nanodevice for Precise Profiling of Telomerase RNA Location and Activity.

Increased telomerase activity has been considered as a conspicuous sign of human cancers. The catalytic cores of telomerase involve a reverse transcriptase and the human telomerase RNA (hTR). However, current detection of telomerase is largely limited to its activity at the tissue and single-cell levels.

Coil-Library-Derived Amino-Acid-Specific Side-Chain χ Dihedral Angle Potentials for AMBER-Type Protein Force Field.

The successful simulation of proteins by molecular dynamics (MD) critically depends on the accuracy of the applied force field. Here, we modify the AMBER-family ff99SBnmr2 force field through improvements to the side-chain χ dihedral angle potentials in a residue-specific manner using conformational dihedral angle distributions from an experimental coil library as targets. Based on significant deviations observed for the parent force field with respect to the coil library, the χ dihedral angle potentials of seven amino acids were modified, namely, Val, Ser, His, Asn, Trp, Tyr, and Phe.