China Expert consensus on the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of infections in hematological disorders (2024).

Infections are frequent complications in patients with hematological disorders, and pathogen diagnosis remains challenging. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an unbiased high-throughput technology that has been widely applied in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, to date, there are no established international guidelines or expert consensuses regarding the use of mNGS to diagnose infections in patients with hematologic disorders.

Triglyceride glucose index as a causal risk factor for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020 and Mendelian randomization.

Background/aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a global health burden increasing liver-related mortality. Existing cross-sectional studies lack causal evidence between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and MAFLD. Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020 and Mendelian randomization, this study aimed to investigate the causal association between the TyG index and MAFLD.

A novel prognostic signature integrating disulfidptosis- and ferroptosis-related genes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia is a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy, and we constructed a prognostic signature combining disulfidptosis-related genes and ferroptosis-related genes to predict the prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The TCGA-LAML datasets underwent random partitioning into training and validation sets. Subsequently, a prognostic risk signature was formulated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm.

MKMGCN-DDI: Predicting Drug-Drug Interactions via Magnetic Graph Convolutional Network With Multiple Kernels.

Polypharmacy is a common means of clinical treatments, but detecting drug-drug interactions (DDIs) behind unexpected effects can be costly and faces clinical limitations. Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated encouraging performance in predicting DDIs. However, most studies overlook the comprehensive aspects of DDIs, such as the coexistence of types of pharmacological changes and the asymmetric roles of drugs.

Risk factors and outcomes of intraoperative blood transfusion in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.

Background: There is an ongoing debate regarding the relationship between intraoperative blood transfusions and patient outcomes. Unifying the results is difficult because of differences in surgery type, target population and postoperative observation indicators.

Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for intraoperative blood transfusion and its impact on postoperative outcomes in elderly gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Liquid-liquid phase separation of ZHX2 protects DLBCL cells against ferroptosis through induction of SLC3A2.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), is characterized by strong aggression, high heterogeneity, and poor prognosis. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify crucial therapeutic targets. Here, we found that the transcription factor zinc-finger and homeobox 2 (ZHX2) was highly expressed in DLBCL.

Adiponectin Assists Thrombopoietic Agents in ITP Treatment by Enhancing Myosin-9/Rab6A-Mediated Trafficking of c-Mpl in MKs.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by accelerated platelet destruction and defective platelet production. The thrombopoietin (TPO)-activated c-Mpl signaling pathway has been proven to promote megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production and thus has significant value in the clinical treatment of ITP. However, individual differences and unsustainable responses limit the clinical application of c-Mpl agonists.

A ROS-Responsive Dual-Targeting Drug Nanocarrier Serving as a GSI Synergist and Ferroptosis Sensitizer for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a highly aggressive hematological malignancy for which targeted therapies remain underdeveloped. Oncogenic mutations in Notch1 occur in up to 75% of T-ALL patients. Although γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) can block Notch1 activation, their clinical application is limited by side effects and reduced sensitivity.

Global spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and regional risk stratification model of acute myeloid leukaemia based on molecular genetics and cytogenetic features.

Genetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients are usually conducted in small or regional studies; there is currently a lack of research on whether genetic abnormalities in each continent have regional specificity. In this study, we collected and jointly analysed studies published between 1995 and 2023 that reported on molecular and cytogenetic abnormalities of AML patients. Our findings reveal that the incidence of molecular genetic abnormalities has been increasing annually, whereas cellular genetic abnormalities show an overall declining trend.

Immune-related genetic single-nucleotide polymorphisms contribute to prognosis and response to chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The immune system is essential for immuno-surveillance and the generation of anti-tumor immunity. However, the role of immune-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the susceptibility and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is currently unknown. Here, we selected and analyzed 28 immune-related SNPs in 201 ALL patients and 228 healthy controls.

Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms of immunomodulatory factors on treatment response and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by poor overall survival (OS). The impaired function, altered phenotype, and abnormal distribution of T cells create an immunosuppressive microenvironment in AML, affecting the efficacy of chemotherapy. Studies have shown that differentiated monocyte-like AML cells can express various immunomodulatory factors, resulting in T cell phenotypic changes and the development of an immunosuppressive AML microenvironment.

Polymorphisms in immunosuppression-related genes are associated with AML.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy with poor overall survival (OS). The immunosuppressive microenvironment significantly impacts AML development and chemoresistance. Despite new immunotherapeutic strategies entering standard clinical care for various tumors, progress in AML remains poor.

Identification and validation of BATF as a prognostic biomarker and regulator of immune cell infiltration in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF) is a nuclear basic leucine zipper protein affiliated with the AP-1/ATF superfamily. Previous research has confirmed that BATF expression plays a significant role in the tumour microenvironment. However, the associations between BATF expression and prognoses in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients and their immunological effects remain unclear.

PEG-rhG-CSF versus rhG-CSF in supporting neutrophil recovery after induction chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

To compare the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) and rhG-CSF in the recovery of neutrophils after induction therapy in ALL patients, PEG-rhG-CSF was injected subcutaneously within 24 ~ 48 h after the end of intravenous infusion of daunorubicin/idarubicin during induction chemotherapy. In rhG-CSF group, patients were given rhG-CSF. The main outcome indexes were the incidence and duration of grade 4 chemotherapy-induced-neutropenia (CIN, ANC less than 0.

Longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a heterogeneous response of plasma cells to colonic inflammation.

A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic changes in plasma cells (PCs) during inflammation remains elusive. In this study, we analyzed the distinct responses of PCs across different phases of inflammation in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were treated with 2.

Castleman disease variant of POEMS syndrome without M protein: a case report.

POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, skin changes) syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with an underlying plasma cell neoplasm. According to the current diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome, the presence of characteristic polyneuropathy and clonal plasma cell disorder are required for diagnosis. We report a case of a Castleman disease variant of POEMS syndrome without monoclonal protein (M protein) expression, which presented with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, skin lesions, and sclerotic bone lesions.

Extracellular vesicles loaded with ApoB-100 protein affect the occurrence of coronary heart disease in patients after injury of spinal cord.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have an increased susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD) due to dysregulated lipid deposition. We conducted a comprehensive investigation to gain insights into the specific roles of Apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB-100) in the development of CHD in patients suffering from SCI. First, we established an SCI rat model through semitransection.

RHOF activation of AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway drives acute myeloid leukemia progression and chemotherapy resistance.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignancy originating from leukemia stem cells, characterized by a poor prognosis, underscoring the necessity for novel therapeutic targets and treatment methodologies. This study focuses on Ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated (RHOF), a Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) family member. We found that RHOF is overexpressed in AML, correlating with an adverse prognosis.

Ivosidenib in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia: a registry study.

Ivosidenib, an isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 () inhibitor, has demonstrated clinical benefits in a pivotal study (AG120-C-001) in patients with -mutated (m) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A registry study (CS3010-101: NCT04176393) was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics, safety, and efficacy of ivosidenib in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) m AML. Patients received ivosidenib 500 mg once daily for 28-day cycles until disease progression.

Cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Cuproptosis is a newly defined form of programmed cell death that relies on mitochondria respiration. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, whether cuproptosis-related lncRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains unclear.

Long non-coding RNA LOXL1-AS1: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignant tumors.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides. Despite their inability to code proteins, multiple studies have identified their important role in human cancer through different mechanisms. LncRNA lysyl oxidase like 1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1), a newly discovered lncRNA located on human chromosome 15q24.

Targeted delivery of HSP90 inhibitors for efficient therapy of CD44-positive acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumor-colon cancer.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is overexpressed in numerous cancers, promotes the maturation of numerous oncoproteins and facilitates cancer cell growth. Certain HSP90 inhibitors have entered clinical trials. Although less than satisfactory clinical effects or insurmountable toxicity have compelled these trials to be terminated or postponed, these results of preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated that the prospects of targeting therapeutic strategies involving HSP90 inhibitors deserve enough attention.

Genetic variations in DNA excision repair pathway contribute to the chemosensitivity and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy with a high recurrence rate and poor long-term prognosis. DNA excision repair systems, such as base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER), play a major role in maintaining genomic stability and integrity. Further intensive investigations are necessary to uncover additional AML prognosis loci.